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Esti > Test #3 > Flashcards

Test #3 Flashcards

1
Q

The study of normal organ function and systems of the body is known as:

A

Physiology

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2
Q

The study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye is called

A

Gross anatomy

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3
Q

What is the study of structures too small to be seen except through a microscope called?

A

Histology

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4
Q

What are the basic units of living matter?

A

Cells

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5
Q

What three basic parts are found in most human cells?

A

Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm

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6
Q

Most of the activities of the cell take place in the:

A

Cytoplasm

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7
Q

The outer surface of the cell is known as the:

A

Cell membrane

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8
Q

Organelles in the cytoplasm that take in nutrients, break them down and create ATP energy molecules for the cells is called:

A

Cytoplasm

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9
Q

Cell structures found in pairs near the nucleus are defined as:

A

Centrioles

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10
Q

Groups of cells of the same kind make up:

A

Tissues

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11
Q

Which type of tissue coordinates body functions in addition to carrying messages to and from the brain and spinal cord?

A

Connective tissues

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12
Q

Which of the organs of the body is the largest?

A

Skin

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13
Q

The stomach and which other organs are responsible for digesting food?

A

Intestines

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14
Q

Which of the following systems provides the framework of the body?

A

Skeletal

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15
Q

The body system that sends and receives body messages is called the:

A

Nervous system

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16
Q

The primary function of the excretory system is to:

A

Eliminate waste/toxins from the body

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17
Q

What does number 1 on this illustration of the cell indicate?

A

Nucleus

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18
Q

The process of cell growth and division is called the growth cycle. True or False?

A

False

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19
Q

Carbohydrates are converted to glucose for energy in the body, and excess carbohydrates can result in excess body fat. True or False?

A

True

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20
Q

Which system of the body is made up of the skin, hair, nails and glands?

A

Integumentary

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21
Q

Which of the following skin functions is referred to as detoxification?

A

Excretion

22
Q

Adipose tissue in the subcutaneous layer insulates the body, which is known as:

A

Thermoregulation

23
Q

What is the technical name for the study of skin, including its structure, functions, diseases and treatment?

A

Dermatology

24
Q

The skin is composed of three main layers that include the epidermis, dermis and:

A

Subcutaneous

25
Q

The process in which living cells become flat, hard and eventually die forming a dead layer at the skin’s surface is called:

A

Keratinization

26
Q

The epidermis is composed of how many layers?

A

5

27
Q

Which of the following items determines the color of the skin?

A

Melanin

28
Q

The key function of the melanocyte is to produce:

A

Melanin

29
Q

Which type of cells help protect the body from infection and are found in the stratum spinosum layer?

A

Langheran cells

30
Q

The layer of skin in which the cells are more regularly shaped and resemble many tiny granules is the:

A

Stratum granulosum

31
Q

Which of the following structures is found in the stratum lucidum layer?

A

Squamous cells

32
Q

Which layer of the epidermis protects the skin’s moisture balance by acting as a barrier to moisture loss?

A

Stratum corneum

33
Q

The layer of the epidermis that is shed and replaced continually is the:

A

Stratum corneum

34
Q

Connective tissue is located in the:

A

Dermis

35
Q

The deterioration of collagen and elastin fibers during the aging process causes:

A

Wrinkles

36
Q

Sweat is produced by what gland?

A

Sudoriferous

37
Q

The acid mantle keeps the surface of the skin slightly acidic, which helps:

A

Prevent bacteria from entering the body

38
Q

Most skin problems are caused by:

A

The sebaceous glands

39
Q

What is the hormone that influences the production of sebum?

A

Androgen

40
Q

What is formed when sebum produced by the oil glands mixes with the body’s perspiration?

A

Acid mantle

41
Q

When we measure the pH of the skin, we are actually measuring the pH of the:

A

Acid mantle

42
Q

Which layer of skin is located below the dermal layer and composed of adipose (fat) and loose connective tissue?

A

Subcutaneous

43
Q

Which layer of the skin acts as a protective cushion to protect the bones and gives the body its contour and shape?

A

Subcutaneous layer

44
Q

Where are the large blood vessels found that transport nourishment to the skin and nerves?

A

Subcutaneous layer

45
Q

The study of the structure and growth of the nails is called:

A

Onychology

46
Q

Under normal circumstances it takes how long for a fingernail to replace itself?

A

4-6 months

47
Q

What is the name of the layer of skin indicated by the number 1 on the diagram?

A

Dermis

48
Q

Which number on the diagram indicates the sudoriferous gland?

A

4

49
Q

Which number on the diagram indicates the sebaceous gland?

A

2

50
Q

Mitosis (cell division) takes place in the granulosum layer. T/F

A

False

Esti (7 decks)

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