Test #3 Flashcards
The study of normal organ function and systems of the body is known as:
Physiology
The study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye is called
Gross anatomy
What is the study of structures too small to be seen except through a microscope called?
Histology
What are the basic units of living matter?
Cells
What three basic parts are found in most human cells?
Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm
Most of the activities of the cell take place in the:
Cytoplasm
The outer surface of the cell is known as the:
Cell membrane
Organelles in the cytoplasm that take in nutrients, break them down and create ATP energy molecules for the cells is called:
Cytoplasm
Cell structures found in pairs near the nucleus are defined as:
Centrioles
Groups of cells of the same kind make up:
Tissues
Which type of tissue coordinates body functions in addition to carrying messages to and from the brain and spinal cord?
Connective tissues
Which of the organs of the body is the largest?
Skin
The stomach and which other organs are responsible for digesting food?
Intestines
Which of the following systems provides the framework of the body?
Skeletal
The body system that sends and receives body messages is called the:
Nervous system
The primary function of the excretory system is to:
Eliminate waste/toxins from the body
What does number 1 on this illustration of the cell indicate?
Nucleus
The process of cell growth and division is called the growth cycle. True or False?
False
Carbohydrates are converted to glucose for energy in the body, and excess carbohydrates can result in excess body fat. True or False?
True
Which system of the body is made up of the skin, hair, nails and glands?
Integumentary
Which of the following skin functions is referred to as detoxification?
Excretion
Adipose tissue in the subcutaneous layer insulates the body, which is known as:
Thermoregulation
What is the technical name for the study of skin, including its structure, functions, diseases and treatment?
Dermatology
The skin is composed of three main layers that include the epidermis, dermis and:
Subcutaneous
The process in which living cells become flat, hard and eventually die forming a dead layer at the skin’s surface is called:
Keratinization
The epidermis is composed of how many layers?
5
Which of the following items determines the color of the skin?
Melanin
The key function of the melanocyte is to produce:
Melanin
Which type of cells help protect the body from infection and are found in the stratum spinosum layer?
Langheran cells
The layer of skin in which the cells are more regularly shaped and resemble many tiny granules is the:
Stratum granulosum
Which of the following structures is found in the stratum lucidum layer?
Squamous cells
Which layer of the epidermis protects the skin’s moisture balance by acting as a barrier to moisture loss?
Stratum corneum
The layer of the epidermis that is shed and replaced continually is the:
Stratum corneum
Connective tissue is located in the:
Dermis
The deterioration of collagen and elastin fibers during the aging process causes:
Wrinkles
Sweat is produced by what gland?
Sudoriferous
The acid mantle keeps the surface of the skin slightly acidic, which helps:
Prevent bacteria from entering the body
Most skin problems are caused by:
The sebaceous glands
What is the hormone that influences the production of sebum?
Androgen
What is formed when sebum produced by the oil glands mixes with the body’s perspiration?
Acid mantle
When we measure the pH of the skin, we are actually measuring the pH of the:
Acid mantle
Which layer of skin is located below the dermal layer and composed of adipose (fat) and loose connective tissue?
Subcutaneous
Which layer of the skin acts as a protective cushion to protect the bones and gives the body its contour and shape?
Subcutaneous layer
Where are the large blood vessels found that transport nourishment to the skin and nerves?
Subcutaneous layer
The study of the structure and growth of the nails is called:
Onychology
Under normal circumstances it takes how long for a fingernail to replace itself?
4-6 months
What is the name of the layer of skin indicated by the number 1 on the diagram?
Dermis
Which number on the diagram indicates the sudoriferous gland?
4
Which number on the diagram indicates the sebaceous gland?
2
Mitosis (cell division) takes place in the granulosum layer. T/F
False
