Test 2.1

Question 1

Zealandia crust would be ___ than normal ocean crust

Answer 1

Thicker

Question 2

Zealandia crust would be ___ dense than normal ocean crust

Answer 2

Less

Question 3

Subduction occurs on a ___ plate boundary?

Answer 3

Convergent

Question 4

True or False? The titled layers of rock at the center of the map, between Giants Causeway and Benbane Head, were originally deposited at the present tilted angle they lie today

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Based on the sequence of layers shown, the oldest rock is the ___

Answer 5

Lias

Question 6

Causeway basalts, intrusive igneous rocks, chalk, Lias (youngest to oldest)

Answer 6

C B, I, C, L

Question 7

In a sequence of rock layers, the oldest layer is the bottom layer and the youngest is on the top. This is known as the Principle of ___

Answer 7

Superposition

Question 8

If an igneous rock cuts through the surrounding rock, it must have formed later. This is known as the Principle of ___ ___

Answer 8

Cross-Cutting Relationships

Question 9

Fossils always occur in the same order in a layered sequence. This is known as the Principle of ___ ___

Answer 9

Faunal Succession

Question 10

If a sedimentary rock lies above granite, but eroded pieces of granite are found within the sedimentary rock, the granite is older. This is known as the Principle of ___

Answer 10

Inclusions

Question 11

Carbon-14 is found in ___

Answer 11

Fossils

Question 12

Uranium-235 can be found in much older ___

Answer 12

Rocks

Question 13

A subduction is a characteristic of a ___ plate boundary

Answer 13

Convergent

Question 14

The ___ is the rigid layer of earth’s surface that is broken into tectonic plates

Answer 14

Lithosphere

Question 15

The ___ is solid but soft, plastic layer capable of flowing

Answer 15

Asthenosphere

Question 16

The ___ is the rigid layer that composes much of the lower mantle

Answer 16

Mesosphere

Question 17

The ___ ___ is an entirely liquid layer composed of nickel and iron

Answer 17

Outer Core

Question 18

The ___ ___ is a dense solid layer composed of nickel and iron

Answer 18

Inner Core

Question 19

List the mechanical layers of the earth in their proper order from top (outer) to bottom (inner)

Answer 19

Lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

Question 20

If a rock only partially melts, the magma will form a rock that is different from the ___ rock

Answer 20

Original

Question 21

Large, fluid lava flows is associated with ___ style eruptions

Answer 21

Effusive

Question 22

Pyrociastic flows are associated with ___ style eruptions

Answer 22

Explosive

Question 23

Composite volcanoes (stratovolcanoes) are associated with ___ style eruptions

Answer 23

Explosive

Question 24

Shield volcanoes are associated with ___ style eruptions

Answer 24

Effusive

Question 25

What is the composition of magma that is typical in an effusive eruption (like Kilauea)

Answer 25

Basaltic

Question 26

The fastest type of seismic wave is the ___-wave

Answer 26

P

Question 27

_-waves are incapable of traveling through the Earth’s liquid outer core

Answer 27

P

Question 28

Although most earthquakes occur on ___ ___, some occur far from them

Answer 28

Plate boundaries

Question 29

Tsunamis get larger/smaller when they enter shallow water

Answer 29

Smaller

Question 30

The ___ period is the oldest geological era

Answer 30

Precambrian

Question 31

The K-T extinction occurred in the ___ era (Cretaceous period)

Answer 31

Mesozoic

Question 32

The age of coal swamps occurred in the ___ era (Pennsylvanian period)

Answer 32

Paleozoic

Question 33

The oldest known fossil is from the ___ period

Answer 33

Precambrian

Question 34

The oldest known fossil is from the ___ period

Answer 34

Precambrian

Question 35

As magma steadily rises into a volcano there may be some subtle signs that pressure is gradually rising inside the volcano, such as it may begin to bulge. At some point, the pressure rises to the point where it is all released suddenly in a violent explosive eruption. What type of behavior is this an example of?

Answer 35

Threshold Effect

Question 36

Magma solidifies within cracks in the crust to form a granite dike. This is a ___ rock

Answer 36

Igneous

Question 37

A large magma chamber within the crust solidifies to form a granite batholith. This is a ___ rock

Answer 37

Igneous

Question 38

A continental collision alters the original continental rocks into slate, schist, and gneiss due to the extreme pressure. This is a ___ rock

Answer 38

Metamorphic

Question 39

Lava that directly touches limestone heats the rock and changes it into marble. This is a ___ rock

Answer 39

Metamorphic

Question 40

New basaltic ocean crust is formed by magma on a mid-ocean ridge. This is a ___ rock

Answer 40

Igneous

Question 41

Waves on a Hawaiian beach break down basalt to form a black-sand beach. This is a ___ rock

Answer 41

Sedimentary

Question 42

Give an example of how plate tectonic activity can affect the atmosphere. Plate tectonic activity includes earthquakes, volcanic activity, and deformation of the crust

Answer 42

Can pollute air

Question 43

Give an example of how plate tectonic activity can affect the biosphere. Plate tectonic activity includes earthquakes, volcanic activity, and deformation of the crust

Answer 43

Can kill animals and pollute habitats

Question 44

Give an example of how plate tectonic activity can affect the geosphere. Plate tectonic activity includes earthquakes, volcanic activity, and deformation of the crust

Answer 44

Can damage the crust and change it’s “shape”

Question 45

Give an example of how plate tectonic activity can affect the hydrosphere. Plate tectonic activity includes earthquakes, volcanic activity, and deformation of the crust

Answer 45

Can kill animals + pollute water