Test #20 Flashcards
what were some key contrbutions of allies in WW2?
-great britain= broke nazi code w/computer,radar, air strike on GERMNAY, CHURCHILL’S leadership
-USSR= highest human cost, STALLIN leadership
-USA= top producer weapon, broke JAPANESE code, drop bomb, ROOSEVELT/TRUMAN leadership
CHINA= highest human cost in asia, paused civil war to fight.
what happened at NUREMBERG trials and TOKYO trials?
Nuremberg trials= harsh punishments, nazi sent to death
TOKYO= emperor and family allowed to live, some sentenced to death
important statistics of deaths/casualties of WW2?
deaths= 70-85 million
USSR= #1 deaths (23 million)
CHINA= #2 deaths (19 million)
holocust deaths=12 million
7 million innocent asia=DEAD
atomic bombs= 200,000 dead
7,000 germnas = suicide
interment camps=120,000
what was COLD WAR (1945-1991) about?
struggle between democratic/capitallist/liberalism world vs. communst world
what was 3 purposes of united nations?
-foriegn aid
- collective security
-forum for different countries to COMMUNICATE
which countries are in united nations security council? why?
USSR
USA
UK
CHINA
FRANCE
?= each can VETO collective military action
what was the post WW2 status of USA, GREAT BRITAIN/FRANCE, USSR, CHINA, FACISM, and COLONIST?
USA= W, #1 world power, booming ecnomy
GREAT BRITAIN/FRANCE= W, no longer #1, independece wanted
USSR= W, SUFFERED, rival U.S, democracy feared them
CHINA= W > japa, civil war resumed= desperate condition
FACISM=DEAD
COLONIST= wanted independence, decolonization begin
what was MARSHALL plan? was it worth it?
-the U.S gave MONEY to support NON-COMMUNIST countries that desperate to rebuild after WW2.
-SUCCESFULL increased popularity
why was the berlin wall built?
to keep communist( EAST Berliners ) inside part of city (not escape to WESTERN SIDE)
what were NATO and warsaw pact?
military aliance system in COLD WAR
NATO= US led
WARSAW PACT= USSR led
based on DOMINO THEORY what was US foriegn policy (CONTAINMENT) that lasted through most of COLD WAR?
USA’s policy starting in 1940’s idea= not let communism spread.
what was role espionage in COLD WAR?
competitive and intense, soviets had KGB and american had CIA.
what were the 2 major functions of the CIA?
espionage= spying to gather more info
- COVERT ACTIONS= secretve/ illegal missions to influence
overall what advantages did KGB and CIA have over eathors?
CIA= better technology
KGB= better human recources (less rules to follow
what were proxy wars and how did they relate to cold war.
proxy wars were wars NOT directly between MAJOR POWERS but supported/funded by each (korea, vietnam) dominated cold war and more violent.
what was ARMS RACE? what is MAD about?
arms race= nuclear weapon build up race between USSR and USA
MAD= mutual assured destruction= suicidal to attack oppenent due to devastating retaliatory attack.
what is the status of nuclear proliferation today?
since 1960’s golbal policy= NO other countries get nuclear weapons
US & RUSSIA have 90% nuclear weapons today
what was space race about?
competition between usa ad ussr on space technology
USSR= first person and satalite in space
USA= first person on moon.
how were sports part of cold war?
winner=better system
cheating occured (communist)
boycotts part of olympics
what were 3 worlds of the cold war?
1st= democratic, wealthy, capitalist countries
2nd= communist countries
3rd= poor countries
what sort of place was communist china( led by mao zedong)?
indstrialization
collective farms (communes
MAO
mao suits
what was GREAT LEAP FORWARD? did it work?
china strategy to industrialize/ collective agriculture
FAILED
what was the cultural revolution (1966-76)?
- huge campaign to get rid ANTI-COMMUNISM things and FOUR OLDS
- everyone had have MAO LITTLE RED BOOK (replaced education
- many sent to work in FARMS
- ended when MAO DIED
why were 2 reasons why USSR and CHINA not closer ALLIES?
- egos (wanted to be #1)
- ideological differences, china= peasent emphasized, USSR= industrial worker emphasized
