AP EXAM REVIEW Flashcards
Religions
-HINDUISM= 2500 BCE, INDIA, Polytheistic, (no founder) Braham, reincarnation, karma, moksha
-BUDDIHISM= 500S BCE, INDIA, Buddha
-CONFUSIANISM= 500S BCE, CHINA,
-DAOISM= 300s BCE, CHINA, Laozi
-JUDAISM= 1800 BCE, ISRAEL, orthodox, conservative, reformed
-CHRISTIANITY= 33CE, ISRAEL, catholics, protestants, eastern orthodox
-ISLAM= 610 CE, MECCA saudia arabis, Muhammed, 5 pillars, quran, people of book
Atheism/Agnosticism= not sure and do not belive in God.
Labor systems?
-SLAVERY = ended 1800s (abloition movement)
1.TRANS-ATLNATIC SLVAE TRADE= shipped least 10 mil to americas for slave work (1500s-1800s)
2.TRANS SAHARAN SLAVE TRADE(600s-1900s)=millions african trekked north to muslim world
-SERFDOM= Western europe(400s-mid1300s), Eastern Europe/russia(mid 1800s), peasents work on LORDS land, guruntee protection,food.
-CORVEE= INCA(1400S), unpaid forced labor limited time.
1. Mit’a system= corvee 2-3months per year required by GOV. (construction)
-ENCOMIENDA= spanish colonies, latin america/philipeans(1500s-1700s), SPANISH COL. GRANTED LAND/NATIVE EXPECTED WORK ON LAND/CONVERT CHRISTIAN, (ABUSIVE)
-HACIENDA= (LAT-AMER) (1700S-1900S)
-INDENTERED SERVITUDE= (BRI-EMP)(1600s-1800s), work w/out pay before freddom
-WORKERS COMM. COUNTRIES= (mid1900s), same wage, NO unemplyment, HOMES, QUOTA.
-CASTE SYSTEM= (INDIA)(1948), out cast, laborers, farmers trader/merchant, warrior/ruler, Teacher/priests. (occupation/ skin care)
-GUILD= (EURO)(1800s), merchants control training,production, faded out from production GROWTH.
-LABOR UNION= (1800s-p), improve wages, collective bargaining/ skiled wokrer
WARS OVERTIME?
-CRUSADES= (1095-1291), take back holy land, christian vs muslim. m= more advanced, M=W,
-30 year war=(1618-1648) ? Catholics vs Protestants debate over roman empire.. C=W
( france #1 euro power) , != pce westphalia,
-7 YEAR WAR= (1754-1763),?= empre struggle across continent BRT vs Frnce.. B=W, !=great BRTN #1, Prussia powerful French out canda.
-FRENCH REVOLUTION/NAPOLEANIC WAR= (1789-1815) ?= enligtmnt, unfair estate sytem, FRNCE vs EURO..E=W, != congress vienna, balance power, $= mon threaten by anti-mon,enlightment spread
-WW1= (1914-1918) ?=MAIN, assasinate austria hungary CENTR vs ALLIED..A=W
COLD WAR=
ECONMYS?
Market economy= owned by prevate sectors, entrupenuearship, supply/demand.
Command economy= owned by gov., GOV. reg, price control.
COMMAND ECONIMIES= OWNED by gov., gov. regulation, price control.
Governemt?
anaarchy= no gov.
ARISTOCRACY= rule by privledged class
COMMUNISM= classles, no private property, command ecnomy
CONFEDERATION=sperate political entities
DEMOCRACY= make laws, run society by vote
DICTATORSHIP= leader in command, (autocracy)
FASCISM= leader whorship, nationalism, military,
gov.=control
KLEPTOCRACY= gov. run by criminals/corrupt
FUEDALISM= hieracha; power structure: monarch own land, give to noble for loyalty/ military service, peasent get protect
MILIRATY JUNTA= run by military leaders
OLIGARCHY= small group people total power in society
PUPPET STATE= excersice power over other country
REPUBLIC= GOV. ruled by representative,
(elected/appointed)
THEOCRACY= run by religion
TOTALITARIAN= total control of people including (THOUGHTS)
COUNTRY basics?
-CHINA= (1405-1433), Confuscian/buddha/dao,
M=ZHENG HE, ^= ISOLATED
-PORTUGAL= (1400s-1500s), catholic/chrstian,
M= gold,glory (expand),god (convert native) ^= netherland seized colonies,
-SPAIN= (1500s-1800s), catholic/christian, gold,glory,god. ^=weakend to L in wars, lose naval, rebelled during frnch rev. for
independence
-GREAT BRITAIN=(1700s-1800s), protestant christian, M= settle new land, commerce, christianity (spread), civilization, ^= former colonies dominions and commonwealth (1930s),
-NETHERLANDS= (1600s), protestant christians, M=modern $ stategy ^= lost to rival (BRITAIN) european powers, indonesia won independence.
-FRANCE= (1500s-1900s) catholics/christian
M= settle new land, spread ENLIGHTMENT ideas. ^= rivalw/BRITAN, lost colonies to BRITAIN/Independence.
ENLIGHTMENT ERA REV. ??
F,S,B,GB,H,M,SA,US,C,
17th and 18th century
-an intellectual and cultural movement in the eighteenth century that emphasized reason over superstition and science over blind faith that encouraged ovthers to rebel against their bad gov.
-BRAZIL=( 1822-25), 1st ruler= PEDRO, peaceful than rest LATIN AMERICA.
- FRANCE= (1789-1815),”reign of terror (1793-94)” revolution caused by= POOR leader= leadership/ecnonomy/ estate system.
- GREAT BRITAIN/ U.K/ENGLAND= (1640s-1689) england monarchy weaker , parliment stronger, MAGNA CARTER= king follow laws, ENGLISH civil war (1640s)= rejection of “divine right” leader= OLIVER CROMWELL
-HAITI= (1791-1804), SAINT-COMINGUE (haiti) fought colonizer FRANCE succesfully for new country, ONLY SUCCESFUL SLAVE REVOLT, leader= TOUSSAINT OUVERTURE.
-MEXICO= (1810-21) won independance against spain (violent) CREOLES led revolt, LOST=centrel americans lands, northern lands to TEXAS, CIVIL WAR. leader= MEDUEL HIDALGO(preist started independence movement (father of mexico)
- SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES=(early/mid 1800s) Napolean/FRANCE kicked SPAINS king OUT, Reason for CREOLES rebel againt SPAIN, ENDED MOST latin americas monarchy/slavery. leader= SIMON BOLIVAR (key movement NORTH america, JOSEPH MARTIN (hero SOUTH of south americas.
-U.S= (1776-83)= 1st overseas colony break succesfully from mother country (great b.), 1st enlightment rev. US CIVIL WAR. 1st LEADER= GEROGE WASHINGTON (genereal>leader)
- CANADA= (1867) DOMINION, COMMONWEALTH, 1st LEADER= JOHN MACDONALD.
COUNTRYS 1914 WW1
–GREAT B. (A) = dominions: CAN. AUST. NEW ZEAL. STH. AFRICA, colonies= INDIA, EYGPT, NIGERA, HONG KONG, SINGPRE.
GOV.= CONST. MON/ PARLI. law makers,
FACTS= #1 empire/navy, industrialized, 3 c’s
–FRANCE (A) = colonies: INDOCHINA, W. AFRICA, VIET, CAMBO. MADAG. GOV.= demo-republic from 1871, FACTS= 2nd biggest, LOST franco-prussian
war (led to germnay=country)
–GERMNAY (C) = C:africa parts, GOV.= Mon. FACTS: #3 power, best education,
–RUSSIA (A)= C: eurasia land; no colony, GOV: autocracy, FACTS: biggest land, “THE LAG” strong military/population
-BELGIUM (A)= C: congo, GOV: mon. ( evil= king leopol 2), FACTS: cruel imperialism/ small
–USA (A)= C: no colonies, conquered: puerto rico, guam, philip, haw. alaska. FACTS: #1 up coming power/ immigration, USA<>EURO.
–OTTOMAN EMP. (C)= C: no, GOV: mon. (sultan), FACT: “sick man europe”, NOT industrialized
–JAPAN (A)= C: korea, taiw, GOV: Mon.(meji rest.) FACT: only industrialized power outside west, copied west, W against russia( RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR) (first asian country to defeat western since mongols)
–AUSTRIA-HUNGARY (C)= C: land empire ONLY, GOV: DUAL- mon. FACT: “powder keg” WW1 started here (BOSNIA) weak military
–CHINA (A)= C: land empire, GOV: MON. till 1911, FACT: “century humiliation” “OPIUM WARS” not industrialized. ( ISOLATIONIST)
DECOLONIZATION? (INDEPENDENCE)
ISRAEL DECOLONIZATION?
—ISRAEL (B)= IND: 1948,
1: since 600s CE (other than euro crusaders)
HOLY LAND under muslim rule
2: OTTOMAN EMPIRE LOST control after L in WW1 (1919)
3: (B) ruled (“mandate”) called it (PAL), BALFOUR DECLARATION= 1 day jew can live there as historical/religious right (ZIONISM).
4: after WW2/HOLO, ZIONISM gain momentum/(ISR) new country for JEWS, response: Several surrouding (MUSLIM) state declare WAR but (ISR) won. (PAL-IANS) moved out (biter)
5: today (ISR) jewish/mixed/(PAL- Territorys (W/BANK/ GOLAN HEIGHTS/ GAZA STRIP)
soulution?: wanted 2- STATE-SOLUTION= (JEW) (ISR) 1 country and (PAL) another country for (MUS)
