test 2 topic 5 and 6 Flashcards
skull is part of what region
axial skeleton
axial skeleton consist of
skull, vertebral column and thoracic cage
skull is divided into … and …. bones
cranial and facial
vertebral column consist of how many individual vertebrae
24, plus sacrum and coccyx
foramen is an
opening, allow for passsage of nerves and blood vessels between the inside and outside of the skull
fissure is an
opening, passage for nerves and blood vessels between the inside and outside of the skull
foramen shape:
round or oval
fissures shape:
slit-like
canal is a
tunnel or enclosed passageway in the skull.
canals travel…
through the bone of the skull to allow for the passage of nerves and blood vessels between the inside and outside of the skull
process is
projection or outgrowth of bone
fossa is
a depression in the bone
pterion is a weak or strong area
a weak area
what are the cranial fossae
anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, posterior cranial fossa
condyle is
round-ish ending of a bone where it articulates with another bone at a joint
facet is
a flattened ending of a bone where it articulates with another bone at a joint.
facets usually refer to what
the facet joints in the vertebral column
styloid (From stylus) is
a small, pointed structure; pen shaped
what is CN referring to
cranial nerve
what is the top of the skull called
calvaria
what do the cranial fossae do
protects the brain within the cranial cavity
name the cranial bones and the possible left and right
left and right parietal bones
left and right temporal bones
frontal bone
occipital bone
sphenoid bone
ethmoid bone
external auditory acoustic meatus is
tube connecting inner and outer ear
styloid process is
attachment site for several ligaments and muscles
mastoid process is
attatchment site for neck muscles, sternocleidmastoid, splenius capitis, and longissimus capitis
stylomastoid foramen is
passageway for facial nerve (CN VII)
what kind of nerve effect happens if inflammed at the stylomastoid foramen
Bell’s Palsy: unable to use muscles of face
what does the CN VII do
creating facial expressions
zygomatic process(of temporal bone) important for what
is important for chewing muscle, masseter
what is the chewing muscle
masseter muscle
mandibular fossa is
articular surface on temporal bone (appears as a depression) that forms a joint with the condylar process of the mandible (to form the temporalmandibular joint or TMJ)
what is the TMJ
temporomandibular joint
what passes through the jugular foramen
the internal jugular vein (Carries deoxygenated blood from brain to the heart then to the lungs)
CN IX
CN X
CN XI (moto pathway from the motor cortex of the brain to the trapezius and sternocleidmastoid muscles
what travels through the carotid canal
carotid artery
what is the region between the eyebrows
glabella
upper boundary of the orbit of the eye
supra-orbital margin (2x)
what is the petrous ridge
separates the middle and posterior cranial fossae and it contains the internal organs for hearing and equilibrium
serves as an attachment site for the trapezius muscle and the nuchal ligament
may feel sore if alot of tension due to poor posture
external occipital protuberance
trapezius muscle and splenius muscle attach here
superior nuchal line
what is the big hole landmark in the occipital bone
foramen magnum
what goes through the foramen magnum
spinal cord
vertebral arteries
part of the CN XI
what travels thru the hypoglossal canals
CN XII motor pathway from the motor cortex of the brain to the tongue muscle, genioglossus
landmarks of sphenoid bone
greater wings 2x
lesser wings 2x
body
medial pterygoid process 2x
lateral pterygoid process 2x
sella turcica
optic foramen 2x
foramen rotundum 2x
foramen ovale 2x
foramen spinosum 2x
what passes thru optic foramen
CN II optic nerves for processing visual info
what passes thru superior orbital fissure
CN V
CN III
CN IV
CN VI
what travels thru foramen rotundum
CN V
