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PB 250 > Test 2 Review Questions -- Seedless Vascular Plants > Flashcards

Test 2 Review Questions -- Seedless Vascular Plants Flashcards

1
Q

Why are paleobotanists so excited about the Devonian era?

A
  • Marks origin of all major land plants
  • Contains diverse group of now-extinct taxa that provide insight into plant evolution
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2
Q

What organisms are contained in the group Lycophytes?

A

Club mosses
Spike mosses

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3
Q

What do Lycophytes represent in the story of land plant evolution?

A
  • First appearance of roots, stems, and true leaves
  • First vascular plants
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4
Q

What are two methods of spore dispersal?

A
  • Free-Sporing (by spores)
  • Seeds
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5
Q

Free-Sporing

A

Organism disperses by spores

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6
Q

What are three shared derived characters that separate Lycophytes from Bryophytes?

A
  • True vascular system
  • True leaves
  • True roots
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7
Q

What kind of leaves do club mosses and spike mosses (Lycophytes) have?

A

Microphylls

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8
Q

Microphylls

A

true leaves

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9
Q

True or False: Lycophytes contain megaphylls.

A

False

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10
Q

Sporophyll

A

Leaf with a sporangium associated with it

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11
Q

Sporangium

A

Receptacle where spores are formed

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12
Q

How are sporangia organized in Selaginella?

A

Strobili

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13
Q

Strobili

A

structure containing sporangia

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14
Q

Homospory

A

morphologically one type of spore (even if spores produce gametophytes of different sexes)

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15
Q

Heterospory

A

two types of spores produced: microspore and megaspores

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16
Q

How do gametophytes develop in homosporous organisms?

A

Exosporic

17
Q

How do gametophytes develop in heterosporous organisms?

A

Endosporic

18
Q

Exosporic

A

Gametophyte development outside of parent cell

Ex. egg hatches to produce baby chicken, chicken grows up outside of egg

19
Q

Endosporic

A

Gametophyte development inside parent cell

Ex. egg hatches to produce fully grown chicken

20
Q

Which plant groups are homosporous?

A
  • Bryophytes
  • Lycopodium
  • Most ferns
  • Equisetum
21
Q

Which plant groups are heterosporous?

A
  • Selaginella
  • Isoetes
  • Gymnosperms
  • Angiosperms
22
Q

What is an advantage of homospory?

A

Flexibility of spores, depending on group meaning sexual reproduction can occur

Ex. spores can lead to hermaphroditic gametophytes, ensuring fertilization

23
Q

What is a disadvantage of homospory?

A

Outbreeding may not occur

24
Q

What is an advantage of heterospory?

A

Assures outcrossing

25
Q

Outcrossing

A

maximization of genetic diversity

26
Q

What is a disadvantage of heterospory?

A

No alternative

PB 250 (9 decks)

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