Test 2 Part B

Question 1

95 Theses

Answer 1

1517
No such thing as a treasury of merits; the only true treasure was “the holy gospel of the glory and grace of God.”
The sale of indulgences lead people into a false security about their salvation.
Contrition resulted in forgiveness without indulgences.

Question 2

Luther

Answer 2

1480-1546
Monk and Wittenburg professor
Excommunicated 1520
Saved for Charles V hearing
Saved by Frederick the Wise

Question 3

Appeal to German Nobility

Answer 3

1520
Against:
-Spiritual power is superior to temporal power.
-Only the pope may interpret scripture.
-Only the pope may call a council.
Christians are all equal priests

Question 4

Frederick the wise

Answer 4

Founder of University of Wittenburg
Defended Luther’s rights when Cajetan came to take Luther to Rome
Had him “kidnapped” and protected him after the diet of worms

Question 5

Leipzig Debates

Answer 5

1519
Eck Vs Luther
Luther’s points:
The pope’s authority is a human construction, not divinely given.
Church councils could err, since they were composed of erring men and did not exist by divine appointment.
Scripture alone was the ultimate divine authority in all matters pertaining to religion.

Question 6

Charles V

Answer 6

1500-1558
Non-weak emperor
Wanted independence from papacy

Question 7

16th Century Germany

Answer 7

Short-lived
Little unity
Permeable
Weak emperors

Question 8

Diet of Worms

Answer 8

1521
Called by Charles V
Luther condemned under Edict of Worms.
Could be killed now

Question 9

Diet of Spier I

Answer 9

1526
Lutheran churches from hostility to pope, political hesitations.
Catholic and Lutheran territories - everyone will be self-regulating

Question 10

Diet of Spier II

Answer 10

1529
Catholics wanted to enforce edict of worms and their people to have mass and no more changes

Question 11

Protestant

Answer 11

1529
Lutheran minority officially protested. Reaffirmed the right to answer to God alone.

Question 12

Ulrich Zwingli

Answer 12

Humanist
Taught himself greek; loved Zwingli
Priest Zurich
Friend broke lent
Scripture only
Against clerical celibacy
Public debates over several years and council initiated reforms
Church and state to be independent.

Question 13

Swiss politics between 15th and 16th centuries

Answer 13

Loose confederation. Great mercenaries.

Question 14

Marburg Colloquy

Answer 14

To unite protestant nations under a single confession; failed

Question 15

Francis I

Answer 15

Sporadic persecution
Affair of placards