test 2 - part 1 Flashcards
What is a gene?
a segment of DNA capable of making a protein; determines our individual biological development
What is DNA?
a complex molecule containing the genetic info that makes up the chromosomes
What are chromosomes?
threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
What are identical twins?
- twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in 2, creating 2 genetically identical organisms
What are fraternal twins?
- twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs
- genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment
Monozygotic = ___________
- identical twins
Dizygotic = __________
- fraternal twins
T/F: identical twins who are reared separately from birth, or soon after birth, share many similarities such as personality, appearance, intelligence, abilities, attitudes, interests, and fears
- true
T/F parenting doen’t have an effect on biologically unrelated children
- False
Parenting influences children’s:
- attitudes
- values
- manners
- beliefs
- faith
- politics
What is temperament?
- refers to a person’s stable emotional reactivity and intensity
T/F Temperament is influenced by the environment
- True
T/F Identical twins don’t express similar temperaments
- False
Evolutionary psych
- study of why we as humans are alike
- In particular it studies the evolution of behavior and mind using principles of natural selection
Natural selection
- an evolutionary process through which adaptive traits are passed on to ongoing ben bc these traits help animals survive and reproduce
T/F Parental influence isn’t largely genetic
- false
Peers are influential in such areas as:
- learning to cooperate w/ others, gaining popularity
- developing interactions
What is culture?
- composition of behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group and transmitted from one gen to the next
individualism
- giving priority to one’s own goals over group and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications
Collectivism
- giving priority to goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly
What is an example of a predominantly individualist culture?
- European populations
What is an example of a predominantly collectivist culture?
- Asian Populations
Based on genetic makeup, males and females are alike, since:
- majority of our inherited genes (45 chromosomes are unisex) are similar
T/F: Males and females differ
- True
T/F: Males and females differ biologically in body fat, muscle, height, onset of puberty, and life expectancy
- True
T/F In males, the nature of aggression is rarely physical
- False
Do men or women express themselves in more aggressive ways?
- Men
in most societies, men are perceived as what?
- dominant
Which gender is better at forming relationships?
- men
What is the X chromosome?
the sex chromosome found in both men and women
What is the Y Chromosome?
sex chromosome found only in males
