Test 2 Pacific Islanders Flashcards
What are the 3 main populations from biggest to smallest
Population: 1=Hawaiians, 2=Samoans, 3=Chamorros (Guam)
What are the main areas?
Main areas: Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia (specific islands in each area will NOT be on the exam)
How much has the Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander group (race alone and race in combination) grown between 1990-2000
Race alone: 9.3% growth
Race alone or in combination: 139.5%
AAPIs comprise ____ of the total U.S. population
4%
T/F They are expected to reach 10% of the population by 2050.
True
Mokuau, M., & Tauili’ili, P. (2011): currently 846,000 PIs live in the U.S.
T/F
Unfortunately, some PIs such as Samoans in the U.S. experience abject poverty
What are the CULTURAL CUSTOMS AND COURTESIES
Hospitality, generosity, and sharing are very important
Attitudes toward life are relaxed
Education is based on _________
oral learning
what are some characteristics of their education?
Rote memorization; children are taught to conform, not be individualistic and creative
Things are done in groups, not individually
Resources like books are challenging to come by
In the Fijiian village of Natawadawadi…
No electricity or running water
CH swim to school
In junior high, they must go to boarding school in the capital, Nadi
What is the educational style in the islands?
- Educational style in the islands is very relaxed
- Some Guam schools closed because of high teacher absenteeism
Former student Denise: said teachers came ________
- if felt like it
- “What would you like to do today?”
T/F When students come from the islands they struggle adjusting to school
True
- School in U.S. –> major adjustment
- High drop out rate of Islander students in the US.
Why do students come from the islands struggle adjusting to school ?
Earning higher degrees—low priority
-CH should go to work ASAP
10.6% of the U.S. population has a graduate or professional degree. What % Islanders have this type of degree
Only 4.3% of Pacific Islanders have this type of degree
What are some characteristics of PI family life
Extended families are common
Child care is provided by multiple caretakers
Heavy emphasis on authority and respect
Emphasis on well-being of family, not individual rights
T/F Families look poor to outsiders
True
- but no homelessness—everyone is provided for
- No word for “person” you’re part of the whole group
T/F Mokuau, M., & Tauili’ili, P. (2011) found that
Somoans often take extended family and church more seriously than $$ school and career
What kind of society does Guam have ?
Some societies, like the Chamorros of Guam, are matriarchal
T/F Domestic violence may occur in some Islander cultures
- Work with local community and local churches to intervene in culturally appropriate ways when parents discipline CH in ways that conflict with U.S. laws
- Child Action, Inc.—report abuse
Health Care and Disabilities that are common in Samoans
- Lots OME
- CH may be exposed to mercury from seafood—may experience lower IQ’s cognitive and linguistic problems
How do Chamorros of Guam view a disability?
view a disability as a gift from God
vs. acquired it is not a gift
T/F -In Samoa there is intolerance for disabilities
True
T/F Islanders may call on faith healers or practioners of folk medicine to heal Sickness/disability
True
In Guam what does suruhano mean?
or faith healers who are high respected
Hawaiians have traditionally relied on kuhuna lapa’au, what are they?
“medical experts” who use prayers, massage, and herbs
Implications of SLPs with Islanders
When people rely on faith healers, SLPs may be viewed as unimportant
-So try to work alongside with the healer
ASHA Guam and the Virgin Islands, there’s a shortage of what?
- shortage of SLPs, esp. in hospitals
- Many individuals are denied services because of 1) lack of practitioners and 2)stigma—special needs
-no matter if it’s genital or acquired there’s no services available
What are major risk factors from islanders?
hypertension, high cholesterol
Almost 30% of APIs have high cholesterol
What are Islanders communication styles?
- In order to not to offend, many Islanders will say what they think the listener wants to hear
- CH’s primary experiences in interacting are with other CH, not adults
- In “talk story” CH listen to elders talk about days of old
Research of Schieffelin Ochs compared American and Samoan mothers found what?
Samoan CH expected to accommodate to adults; US adults accommodate to CH
U.S. mothers speak “motherese” but Samoan mothers don’t simplify their register for younger CH
There are over ____ indigenous languages are spoken in the Islands. They are influenced by what?
1200
Language is influenced by culture
The apostrophe in a word is pronounced as a ____
glottal stop
Some CH speak _________ and need support in acquiring formal English
pidgin English/Hawaiin Creole
What are are implications for SLPs when writing an IEP?
We must fully explain paperwork requiring signatures
Be careful about requesting parents to come to school
What are implications for SLPs for treatment?
- Use a collective rather than individual storytelling method
- Identify and explain the pragmatic rules in mainstream U.S. culture—like greeting, complimenting, leave-taking, etc.
- Reinforce literacy
- Provide cooperative (not competitive) learning opportunities
