Test 2 Neurovascular, Sensation, spinal reflexes Flashcards
Arteries of forebrain
Anterior, Middle, and Posterior cerebral
Anterior Cerebral A. supplies most of the ___ brain and arches over the ___ ___
medial
corpus callosum
Middle Cerebral A. receives __% of __ __ blood flow. It is located along the __ __.
80%
lateral fissure
Upper branch of Middle Cerebral A. supplies the __ and __ lobes. Lower branch supplies the __ and __ lobes.
Frontal
Parietal
Parietal
Temporal
Middle Cerebral A supplies blood to __ of the lateral surface. The leteral striate arteries are an important site for __ because it will lesion ___ track fibers at the __ __.
2/3
strokes
pyramidal
internal capsule
25% of blood flow to the posterior cerebral A. comes from the __ __ A.
Internal Carotid
Posterior Cerebral A. Supplies which lobes?
Occipital
Temporal
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar A. is on which aspect of medulla?
Lateral
Anterior Spinal A. is on which aspect of medulla?
Ventral and Medial
Posterior Spinal A. is on which aspect of the medulla
Dorsal and medial
What does Anterior Inferior cerebellar A supply?
Lateral sides of the pons and inner ear
What does Pontine Artery supply?
Midpons
What does posterior Cerebral artery supply?
Midbrain
Superficial venous drainage of Superior Brain is…
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Superficial venous drainage of middle brain is…
Cavernous SInus
Superficial Venous Drainage of inferior brain is…
Transverse sinus
Deep veinous drainage of the brain is…
Great Cerebral vein of galen
2 methods of autoregulation of blood flow
H+ ion concentration
Intraluminar pressure
Types of non-encapsulated receptors
Free nerve endings
Follicular
Merkel Cell
Types of encapsulated receptors
Meissner’s
Ruffini’s
Pacinian
Meissner’s receptors are located in the ___ ___ and are responsible for ___ touch. They are __-adapting.
Dermal Papillae
light
rapid
What type of touch are Ruffini’s receptors responsible for? These receptors are located deeper in the ___ and are __-adapting.
Shearing or drag
dermis
slow
Ex. Feeling pressure of wind, continuous to tell how to lean
Pacinian receptors sense ___ and are __-adapting. These are the __ receptors and look like an ___.
vibration
fast
largest
onion
Sensory info from joints, muscles, and skin are integrated in which lobe?
Parietal
Extrafusal fibers are innervated by which motor neuron?
Alpha motor neuron
Intrafusal fibers are innervated by which motor neuron?
Gamma motor neuron
Intrafusal fibers can be primary or secondary ___. Primary measure ___ of stretch and secondary measures __ of stretch.
Afferent
Rate
Degree
What 2 receptors are on periosteum of bone?
Pacinian Corpuscle
Ruffini’s Corpuscle
Muscle spindle activation is produced by ___ fibers
fusimotor
Monosynaptic passive activation of muscle spindles is ___
excitatory
Polysynaptic passive activation of muscle spindle is __ to __ muscle
inhibitory
antagonistic
Golgi tendon organs are found at the __-__ junctions and measure the __ of contraction. They also protect the muscle from __ contraction.
muscle-tendon
force
excessive
What does negative feedback to from a golgi tendon organ do?
Excites antagonistic muscle
Reticular formation is located at the tegmentum of (3)
Midbrain, pons, medulla
Raphe is found at the ___ AKA ___ ___
midline
Median Region
Magnocellular is in __ ___ paramedian. Example is the ___ ___
central median
reticulospinal tract
Gigantocellular is in ___ region
pontomedullary
Parvicellular is __ and is the __ group
small
lateral
What functions does reticular formation have?
Levels of awareness- Ascending Reticular Activating system
Modulate muscle tone
Respiration and cardiac rhythm
Emotion of pain-> limbic
The Raphe group transmits ___ ___ AKA ___
Serotonin 5HT
Hydroxytrip
ACH is found in the ___ area and influences ___
Pedunculopontine
movement
