Test 2: Mediastinum

Question 1

Where are the constrictions of the esophagus?

Answer 1

• Arch of aorta
• Left bronchus
• Diaphragm

Question 2

What three structures go through the aortic opening in the diaphragm? (T12)

Answer 2

Azygos vein, thoracic duct, and descending aorta

Question 3

What parts of the body drain into the thoracic duct and where does it typically open into?

Answer 3

• entire lower body and upper left half

- opens into Left subclavian vein

Question 4

What goes through the esophageal opening at T10?

Answer 4

-esophagus and gastric nerves

Question 5

What passes through the caval opening at T8?

Answer 5

IVC, right phrenic, and lymphatics

Question 6

What line separates the two major components of the mediastinum?

Answer 6

-transverse plane drawn from the sternal angle of Louis to the bottom of T4

Question 7

What structures are located in the superior mediastinum?

Answer 7

• Thymus gland
• Arch of aorta and its branches (including thryoid ima)
• SVC, brachiocephalic veins, arch of azygos
• Vagus and left recurrent, phrenic, and cardiac nerves
• Esophagus
• Trachea
• Thoracic ducts