Exercise 6 questions Flashcards

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1
Q

If you’re a red blood cell starting at right atrium and ending in left ventricle, what structures do you traverse?

A

RA–tricuspid valve–RV–pulmonary semilunar valve–pulmonary trunk/artery–lungs–pulmonary veins–LA–mitral valve–LV

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2
Q

What are the components of the pulmonary circulatory system?

A

Pulmonary trunk, R&L pulmonary arteries, lung capillaries, lung venules, pulmonary veins, LA

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3
Q

List functions of cardiovascular system

A
  • transport O2 and nutrients to cells
  • transport CO2 and waste to excretory organs
  • regulates metabolism, body temp, and volume of body fluids
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4
Q

List different layers of pericardiac sac

A
  • Pericardium/fibrous layer
  • parietal layer
  • pericardial cavity
  • visceral pericardium/epicardium
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5
Q

Name constituents of middle mediastinum

A

Heart, vena cava, arch of zygos, phrenic nerve, pericardiophrenic vessels, pulmonary artery, roots of lungs, bronchial lymph nodes

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6
Q

Where is the transverse sinus in relation to major vessels at base of heart?

A

Posterior to pulm trunk and aorta, anterior to sup vena cava and pulm veins

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7
Q

Name heart chambers visible in chest x-ray showing sternocostal surface

A

RA, RV, LV

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8
Q

Define crista terminalis and sulcus terminalis of heart and state surgical importance

A

-Crista terminalis: vertical ridge on interior wall of RA separating right auricle
-sulcus terminalis: groove on exterior wall of RA that separates right auricle
surgical significance: where SA node is located

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9
Q

How can you differentiate auricle from atrium of heart?

A

Musculi pectinati

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10
Q

Name veins that empty into RA

A

Inferior and Superior Vena cava and coronary sinus

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11
Q

Where is the SA node located? (pacemaker)

A

Wall of right atrium near crista terminalis

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12
Q

What is the significance of the fossa ovalis and where is it located?

A

-Remnant of fetal foramen ovalis that passed blood b/n R and L atria; if it remains you get cyanosis; located in interatrial septum

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13
Q

Name anatomical components of right and left AV valves

A

papillary muscles, chorda tendinae, annulus fibrosus that the cusps attach to

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14
Q

Where are the semilunar valves located and what is their significance?

A
  • Eustachian valve b/n inferior vena cava and RA
  • besian valve b/n coronary sinus and RA
  • Pulm. semilunar valve b/n RV and pulm trunk
  • Aortic semilunar valve b/n LV and aorta
  • significance: prevent backflow of blood
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15
Q

Where is AV node found?

A

septal wall of R atrium

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16
Q

What is the name of the vessel at the base of the heart closest to chest wall?

A

pulmonary trunk

17
Q

Name artery that gives rise to ant. descending interventricular artery

A

Left coronary artery

18
Q

Name two main branches of R coronary artery

A

Great coronary artery and transverse artery

19
Q

What chambers contribute to right margin of heart in chest x ray?

A

RA

20
Q

name vessels that connect to LA of heart

A

4 pulmonary veins from the lungs

21
Q

Where is great cardiac vein found in heart?

A

Anterior interventricular groove

22
Q

What features characterize interior of left ventricle

A

thicker walls and narrower AV valve than RV

23
Q

name heart valves making auscultation sound if stethescope is placed on chest wall opposite the… Right 2nd intercostal space next to sternum

A

Aortic area (aortic semilunar)

24
Q

name heart valves making auscultation sound if stethescope is placed on chest wall opposite the…Left2nd intercostal space next to sternum

A

Pulmonic (pulm semilunar valve)

25
Q

name heart valves making auscultation sound if stethescope is placed on chest wall opposite the…Left 3rd next to sternum

A

Erb’s point

26
Q

name heart valves making auscultation sound if stethescope is placed on chest wall opposite the…Left 5th next to sternum

A

Tricuspid valve

27
Q

name heart valves making auscultation sound if stethescope is placed on chest wall opposite the…Left 5th at midclavicular line

A

Bicuspid valve

28
Q

Describe nerve supply to heart and how does stimulation affect it?

A

Superficial and deep cardiac plexuses; sympathetics–>tachycardia; parasympathetics–>bradycardia