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DANA 5004 > Test 2: Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Test 2: Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 bones make up the hip bone? (oscoxae)

A

Ilium, pubis, ischium

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2
Q

Which leg bone has no function in weight bearing or the knee joint?

A

Fibula

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3
Q

What are the 7 tarsus bones?

A

-Calcaneus, Talus, Cuboid, Navicular, Medial/lateral/intermediate cuneiform

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4
Q

How many phalanges are there in the foot?

A

14 (only two in foot)

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5
Q

Where is the sacroiliac articulation?

A

between the auricular surfaces of the sacrum and hip bones

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6
Q

Which ligaments prevent posterior rotation?

A

Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous syndemoses

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7
Q

What ligament is the strongest in preventing hyperextension of the hip joint and where is it located?

A

Iliofemoral ligament, anterior

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8
Q

What three movements are allowed in the knee joint?

A

Gliding, rolling, rotation

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9
Q

What ligaments in the knee joint hold the tibia and femur together?

A

cruciate ligaments

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10
Q

What prevents hyperextension of the knee joint?

A

fibular collateral ligament

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11
Q

What is part of the unholy trinity?

A

ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus

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12
Q

What are the three main joints of the leg?

A

Proximal tibiofibular joint, intermediate tibiofibular joint, and distal tibiofibular joint (held together by anterior, posterior and intermediate ligaments)

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13
Q

What are the movements allowed at the ankle joint and what type of joint is it?

A

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, hinge joint

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14
Q

What bones make up the medial longitudinal arch of the foot?

A

Talus, Calcaneus, Navicular, 3 cuneiform bones, and 3 medial metatarsals

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15
Q

What bones make up the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot?

A

Calcaneus, cuboid, and 2 lateral metatarsals

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16
Q

Which arch of the foot is more curved and more elastic?

A

Medial longitudinal arch

17
Q

What supports the medial arch of the foot?

A

The spring ligament/ plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

18
Q

What supports the lateral arch of the foot?

A

Long and short plantar ligaments

19
Q

What movements are allowed at the foot joint?

A

Inversion and eversion

20
Q

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A

Superior: inguinal ligament, lateral: sartorius, medial: Adductor muscles

21
Q

What goes through the adductor canal and where does it lead?

A

Femoral artery and vein to the popliteal fossa

22
Q

What muscles flex the hip joint?

A

Iliacus and psoas

23
Q

What muscle extends the hip joint?

A

Gluteus maximus

24
Q

What are the actions of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles?

A

abduction and medial rotation

25
Q

What muscles laterally rotate an extended thigh and abduct a flexed thigh?

A

Piriformis, obturator internus, gemelli muscles

26
Q

What muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve?

A

Sartorius, iliacus, pectinius, and quadriceps femoris

27
Q

What muscles are innervated by the obturator nerve?

A

Adductors (longus, brevis, and magnus) and gracilis (also an adductor), and obturator externus

28
Q

What are the posterior superficial muscles of the leg and foot?

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus; plantar flexes knee and ankle

29
Q

What are the posterior deep muscles of the leg and foot?

A

Popliteus, flexors, and tibialis; flexes toes and inverts foot

30
Q

What innervates the posterior muscles of the leg/foot (and intrinsic muscles)

A

Tibial nerve

31
Q

What are the anterior group of muscles of the leg/foot?

A

tibialis anterior and extensors

32
Q

What is the action of the fibularis (lateral group)?

A

Everts the foot

33
Q

What innervates the anterior and lateral groups?

A

Peroneal nerve

34
Q

What are the branches of the external iliac artery?

A

Femoral–>popliteal–>anterior and posterior tibial arteries

35
Q

What is the course of the great saphenous vein?

A

dorsal vein of great toe+dorsal venous arch of the foot=great vein–>femoral vein

36
Q

What is the course of the small saphenous vein?

A

dorsal vein of little toe+dorsal venous arch of foot=small vein–> popliteal vein

DANA 5004 (4 decks)

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