Test 2: Mechanical and chemotherapeutic oral hygiene TEST #2 Flashcards
T/F A soft brush is preferable for most uses in pediatric dentistry because of the decreased likelihood of gingival tissue trauma
True
Why is a soft brush toothbrush used in pediatric dentistry?
- Decrease likelihood of gingival tissue trauma
- Increased interproximal cleaning
What electric toothbrush has the ADA accepted?
-Oral B
what are the primary tools for preventing dental disease?
- mechanical removal of plaque
- promotion of remineralization of tooth surface
T or F:
no single toothbrush design has been scientifically proven to be superior for the removal of plaque
true
T or F:
you should always replace a toothbrush every 2 months regardless of toothbrush wear
false
the cleansing effectiveness of toothbrushes is maintained until pronounced toothbrush wear has occurred
have clinical studies showed any difference in cleaning efficacy, comfort of use, or ease of use among available floss types?
no
___ is a paste or powder for cleaning the teeth
dentrifice
___ is a dentrifice in the form of a paste
toothpaste
what are 3 things that a child’s dentrifice should contain?
- fluoride
- rank low in abrasiveness
- carry the ADA seal of acceptance
what brushing technique removes as much or more plaque than other techniques, regardless of the child’s age and whether the brushing is performed by the parent or the child
horizontal scrub technique
what is the brushing technique most naturally adopted by children?
horizontal scrub technique
studies have shown that children 8-11 years old learn how to use dental floss effectively in what time frame?
within 10 days
T or F:
it may be better to remove plaque effectively once every 3rd day rather than attempting to inadequately remove it multiple times daily
true
completion of effective oral hygiene procedures at intervals up to ___ hours is compatible with gingival health
48 hours
what brushing period provides the greatest plaque removal benefit of all time periods tested?
1 minute
is bedtime or morning usually a more effective time for children to brush their teeth effectively?
bedtime
___ is an antiseptic agent that has an ability to reduce plaque and gingivitis scores
chlorhexidine (Rx)
what are 4 sugar substitutes?
- xylitol
- mannitol
- sucralose
- aspartame
what are UCLA lollipops?
sugarfree lollipops infused with a natural ingredient that kills strep mutans (primary bacterium that causes tooth decay)
what age patients should receive gentle cleansing as an oral hygiene method?
<1 year old
at what age should patient begin using a toothbrush, and using limited fluoride toothpaste?
1-3 years old
during what age is flossing most likely to begin?
- 3-6 years old
- at this age, it is still the responsibility of the parent to be the primary provider of oral hygiene procedures
at what age should children begin providing their own oral hygiene procedures, with just the active supervision of their parents?
6-12 years old
oral hygiene compliance is a major problem during what age period?
12-19 years old
what are some contributing factors of increased risk for caries and gingival inflammation in children age 12-19?
- poor dietary habits
- pubertal hormonal changes
what might help motivate patients age 12-19 to improve their oral hygiene?
appearance
___ is the foundation on which all oral health care must be built
preventive dentistry
what study concluded that “no unanimity had been attained regarding the relationship between CHO intake and dental caries” and thus accounts for the skeptical attitude toward encouraging large-scale reductions in CHO intake in anti-caries campains?
vipeholm 1954
T or F:
studies have shown that caries incidence is low in the basic diet when sucrose is given at mealtimes
true
studies have shown that sugar in sticky form between meals has done what to caries activity?
increased it significantly
T or F:
studies have shown that some patients are caries-resistant and some are caries-prone
true
studies have shown that consumption of caries-promoting diets would result in a greater incidence of caries in those persons who originally had a high count of what bacteria?
lactobacillus
studies have shown that ___ is the main culprit in caries formation, and that ___ helps
- sucrose
- fluoride
studies have shown that “treatments of dental caries that do not include ___ represent the abatement of symptoms rather than the control of disease, namely, bacterial plaque infections”
control of microbic deposits
describe what caused rural alaskan native populations to go from a 1% caries incidence in the 1920s to a 75% caries incidence in 2005
- air transportation into the villages became more frequent, as did the transport of processed foods
- in other words, dietary changes (increase in CHOs) contributed heavily to the increase in caries incidence
in studies conducted in rural alaska populations, what was the one risk factor that outweighed all others in contributing to severe caries risk?
- frequency of soda consumption
- no other risk factor, including infrequent brushing or lack of dental floss use, was associated with dental caries severity
what about the infant diet has been shown to provide general health, nutritional, developmental, psychological, social, economic, and environmental advantages while significantly decreasing risk for a large number of acute and chronic diseases?
human milk and breastfeeding
incipient periodontal disease has been found to be increased in children and adolescents with ___
diabetes
breastfeeding is associated with increased risk of early childhood caries in what circumstance?
breastfeeding greater than or equal to 7x daily after 12 months of age
health risks associated with childhood overweight and obesity are strong indicators for predisposition to adult morbidity and mortality, and include what 6 systemic diseases?
- type II diabetes
- cardiovascular disease (HTN, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia)
- psychological stress (depression and low self-esteem)
- respiratory (obstructive sleep apnea, asthma)
- orthopedic (genu varum and slipped capital femoral epiphysis)
- hepatic (steatohepatitis)
