Test 2: Mechanical and chemotherapeutic oral hygiene TEST #2

Question 1

T/F A soft brush is preferable for most uses in pediatric dentistry because of the decreased likelihood of gingival tissue trauma

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Why is a soft brush toothbrush used in pediatric dentistry?

Answer 2

• Decrease likelihood of gingival tissue trauma

- Increased interproximal cleaning

Question 3

What electric toothbrush has the ADA accepted?

Answer 3

-Oral B

Question 4

what are the primary tools for preventing dental disease?

Answer 4

• mechanical removal of plaque

- promotion of remineralization of tooth surface

Question 5

T or F:

no single toothbrush design has been scientifically proven to be superior for the removal of plaque

Answer 5

true

Question 6

T or F:

you should always replace a toothbrush every 2 months regardless of toothbrush wear

Answer 6

false

the cleansing effectiveness of toothbrushes is maintained until pronounced toothbrush wear has occurred

Question 7

have clinical studies showed any difference in cleaning efficacy, comfort of use, or ease of use among available floss types?

Answer 7

no

Question 8

___ is a paste or powder for cleaning the teeth

Answer 8

dentrifice

Question 9

___ is a dentrifice in the form of a paste

Answer 9

toothpaste

Question 10

what are 3 things that a child’s dentrifice should contain?

Answer 10

• fluoride
• rank low in abrasiveness
• carry the ADA seal of acceptance

Question 11

what brushing technique removes as much or more plaque than other techniques, regardless of the child’s age and whether the brushing is performed by the parent or the child

Answer 11

horizontal scrub technique

Question 12

what is the brushing technique most naturally adopted by children?

Answer 12

horizontal scrub technique

Question 13

studies have shown that children 8-11 years old learn how to use dental floss effectively in what time frame?

Answer 13

within 10 days

Question 14

T or F:
it may be better to remove plaque effectively once every 3rd day rather than attempting to inadequately remove it multiple times daily

Answer 14

true

Question 15

completion of effective oral hygiene procedures at intervals up to ___ hours is compatible with gingival health

Answer 15

48 hours

Question 16

what brushing period provides the greatest plaque removal benefit of all time periods tested?

Answer 16

1 minute

Question 17

is bedtime or morning usually a more effective time for children to brush their teeth effectively?

Answer 17

bedtime

Question 18

___ is an antiseptic agent that has an ability to reduce plaque and gingivitis scores

Answer 18

chlorhexidine (Rx)

Question 19

what are 4 sugar substitutes?

Answer 19

• xylitol
• mannitol
• sucralose
• aspartame

Question 20

what are UCLA lollipops?

Answer 20

sugarfree lollipops infused with a natural ingredient that kills strep mutans (primary bacterium that causes tooth decay)

Question 21

what age patients should receive gentle cleansing as an oral hygiene method?

Answer 21

<1 year old

Question 22

at what age should patient begin using a toothbrush, and using limited fluoride toothpaste?

Answer 22

1-3 years old

Question 23

during what age is flossing most likely to begin?

Answer 23

• 3-6 years old

- at this age, it is still the responsibility of the parent to be the primary provider of oral hygiene procedures

Question 24

at what age should children begin providing their own oral hygiene procedures, with just the active supervision of their parents?

Answer 24

6-12 years old

Question 25

oral hygiene compliance is a major problem during what age period?

Answer 25

12-19 years old

Question 26

what are some contributing factors of increased risk for caries and gingival inflammation in children age 12-19?

Answer 26

• poor dietary habits

- pubertal hormonal changes

Question 27

what might help motivate patients age 12-19 to improve their oral hygiene?

Answer 27

appearance

Question 28

___ is the foundation on which all oral health care must be built

Answer 28

preventive dentistry

Question 29

what study concluded that “no unanimity had been attained regarding the relationship between CHO intake and dental caries” and thus accounts for the skeptical attitude toward encouraging large-scale reductions in CHO intake in anti-caries campains?

Answer 29

vipeholm 1954

Question 30

T or F:

studies have shown that caries incidence is low in the basic diet when sucrose is given at mealtimes

Answer 30

true

Question 31

studies have shown that sugar in sticky form between meals has done what to caries activity?

Answer 31

increased it significantly

Question 32

T or F:

studies have shown that some patients are caries-resistant and some are caries-prone

Answer 32

true

Question 33

studies have shown that consumption of caries-promoting diets would result in a greater incidence of caries in those persons who originally had a high count of what bacteria?

Answer 33

lactobacillus

Question 34

studies have shown that ___ is the main culprit in caries formation, and that ___ helps

Answer 34

• sucrose

- fluoride

Question 35

studies have shown that “treatments of dental caries that do not include ___ represent the abatement of symptoms rather than the control of disease, namely, bacterial plaque infections”

Answer 35

control of microbic deposits

Question 36

describe what caused rural alaskan native populations to go from a 1% caries incidence in the 1920s to a 75% caries incidence in 2005

Answer 36

• air transportation into the villages became more frequent, as did the transport of processed foods
• in other words, dietary changes (increase in CHOs) contributed heavily to the increase in caries incidence

Question 37

in studies conducted in rural alaska populations, what was the one risk factor that outweighed all others in contributing to severe caries risk?

Answer 37

• frequency of soda consumption
• no other risk factor, including infrequent brushing or lack of dental floss use, was associated with dental caries severity

Question 38

what about the infant diet has been shown to provide general health, nutritional, developmental, psychological, social, economic, and environmental advantages while significantly decreasing risk for a large number of acute and chronic diseases?

Answer 38

human milk and breastfeeding

Question 39

incipient periodontal disease has been found to be increased in children and adolescents with ___

Answer 39

diabetes

Question 40

breastfeeding is associated with increased risk of early childhood caries in what circumstance?

Answer 40

breastfeeding greater than or equal to 7x daily after 12 months of age

Question 41

health risks associated with childhood overweight and obesity are strong indicators for predisposition to adult morbidity and mortality, and include what 6 systemic diseases?

Answer 41

• type II diabetes
• cardiovascular disease (HTN, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia)
• psychological stress (depression and low self-esteem)
• respiratory (obstructive sleep apnea, asthma)
• orthopedic (genu varum and slipped capital femoral epiphysis)
• hepatic (steatohepatitis)