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Pediatric Dentistry I 2020 > Test 2: Human Trafficking > Flashcards

Test 2: Human Trafficking Flashcards

1
Q

T or F:

human trafficking must involve travel, transportation, or movement across state or national borders

A

false

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2
Q

T or F:

human trafficking is synonymous with sex trafficking

A

false

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3
Q

T or F:

victims of human trafficking may not always be forced or coerced

A

true

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4
Q

does human trafficking always involve abduction, physical restraint, bondage or torture?

A

no

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5
Q

T or F:

Victims of human trafficking often don’t immediately flee to their rescuers’ arms when they swoop in to save them

A

true

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6
Q

T or F:

human trafficking victims don’t want to be in the life, but have no choice

A

false

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7
Q

are all sex trafficking victims are women and girls?

A

no

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8
Q

is human trafficking occur in Utah?

A

yes

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9
Q

___ is the act of treating someone unfairly in order to benefit from their “work”

A

exploitation

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10
Q

___ is any sex act on account of which anything of value is given to or received by any person.

A

commercial sex act

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11
Q

___ is when individuals buy, trade, or sell sexual acts with a child <18 yrs (includes child porn, stripping, sex)

A

commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC)

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12
Q

___ is the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provisioning, or obtaining of a person for the purposes of labor or sexual exploitation (e.g. involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery; or a commercial sex act)

A

human trafficking

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13
Q

___ is the facilitation, transportation, attempted transportation or illegal entry of a person(s) across an international border, in violation of one or more countries’ laws, either clandestinely or through deception, such as the use of fraudulent documents

A

human smuggling

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14
Q

according to US federal law, severe forms of trafficking in persons includes what 2 forms of trafficking?

A

sex trafficking and labor trafficking

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15
Q

___ is human trafficking induced by force, fraud, or coercion to do a commercial sex act

A

sex trafficking

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16
Q

___ is human trafficking induced by force, fraud, or coercion for the purposes of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery

A

labor trafficking

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17
Q

for victims of sex trafficking, proof of force, fraud, or coercion is not required for victims under what age?

A

<18

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18
Q

force, fraud, and coercion are 3 means of “trafficking in persons”. what do they mean?

A
  • force - power, violence, constraint against a person
  • fraud - act of deception with criminal intent
  • coercion - threats of serious harm against any person, including schemes intended to threaten indirect harm
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19
Q

what are some examples of the purpose of human trafficking?

A
  • commercial sex acts
  • debt bondage/peonage
  • involuntary servitude
  • slavery
  • organ harvesting
20
Q

what is the estimated number of slaves worldwide? how many women and how many men?

A
  • 20.9 million
  • translates to 3 of every 1000 people
  • 11.4m females, 9.5m males
21
Q

what are the global yearly earnings from human trafficking? how much does that translate to each second?

A
  • $150 billion

- $4750 per second

22
Q

T or F:

of the confirmed US sex trafficking cases reported in 2016, less than half were US citizens

A

true

  • only 45% were US citizens
  • 40% were children, 90% were female
23
Q

of the confirmed US trafficking cases reported in 2016 (total = 7572), what percent were sex trafficking and what percent were labor trafficking?

A
  • 73% sex trafficking

- 14% labor trafficking (mostly foreign nationals or legalized immigrants)

24
Q

what is the average number of sex trafficking victims yearly worldwide?

A

4.5 million

25
Q

what is the weekly average revenue for pimps in large US cities? what about the yearly revenue?

A
  • > $32,000 weekly

- $40-290 million yearly

26
Q

what is the sex trafficking average age of entry?

A

statistics are controversial, but most show averages between 12-18 years old

27
Q

what is DMST?

A
  • domestic minor sex trafficking

- exploitative crimes of a sexual nature committed against minors within the US

28
Q

the following are examples of what form of trafficking?:

  • trafficking a minor for sexual exploitation
  • exploiting a minor through survival sex
  • exploiting a minor through “prostitution”
A

domestic minor sex trafficking

29
Q

what are the top personal risk factors for human trafficking?

A

poverty, homelessness, substance use, sexual abuse/assault, child abuse/neglect, runaway, juvenile justice system or foster care, LGBTQIQ, domestic violence, mental health problems, or displaced persons (refugees, immigrants, etc.)

30
Q

what are the top reasons for sex trafficking?

A
  • romantic situation
  • benefactor
  • job offer
  • familial/friend
  • abduction/kidnapping
  • combination
31
Q

what is the most common venue of CSEC (commercial sexual exploitation of children?

A

hotels/motels

32
Q

what is a common method of advertisement for CSEC?

A

online classifieds

33
Q

what are some examples of methods of conditioning of human trafficking victims?

A
  • starvation
  • isolation
  • beatings/torture
  • rape and gang rape
  • threats of violence to victim’s family/friends
  • forced drug abuse
  • cultural/spiritual manipulation
34
Q

what are some examples of methods of control of human trafficking victims?

A
  • kept under guard or electronic surveillance
  • use of restraints
  • strict control of medical care of medications
  • pregnancy - control childnre
  • control documents, ID, money, food, etc.
  • humiliating photos/videos - blackmail
35
Q

what is described by the following:
captivity, which brings the victim into prolonged contact with the perpetrator, creates a special type of relationship of coercive control. the goal of the perpetrator is to instill in his victim not only fear of death, but also gratitude for being allowed to live.

A

trauma bonding/stockholm syndrome

36
Q

what is the average lifespan of a victim of human trafficking, and what is the leading cause of death? what is the second leading cause?

A
  • 7 years
  • murder
  • HIV complications
37
Q

what is the average number of sexual partners per day for a victim of sex trafficking?

A

8-10

38
Q

___% of human trafficking victims had contact with a healthcare provider while they were being trafficked, ___% of which went alone to get birth control

A
  • 87.8%

- 65%

39
Q

of human trafficking victims who had contact with a healthcare provider while they were being trafficked, what percent visited the dentist?

A

26.5%

40
Q

what are some potential signs of DMST that healthcare providers should be aware of?

A

-no ID or isn’t carrying own ID, living with employer or “friends”, cannot remember address, inconsistencies in story, accompanying adult does not let pt speak for him/herself, is not who they say they are, hypervigilance/paranoia, general poor health /malnourishment, significant cash, hotel room keys, or condoms on person, accompanying adult won’t let pt be alone, stated age older than visual appearance, multiple arrests for “prostitution”, multiple STI’s, sexual partners, evidence of sexual trauma, tattoos/branding/cutting/burning, runaway/throwaway youth, homeless youth, school truancy/multiple absences

41
Q

what are some physical injury/trauma signs of human trafficking that healthcare providers should be aware of?

A

burns, firearm/knife wounds, strangulation injuries, fractures, dental & other oral injuries, traumatic brain injury, neuropathies (trauma & torture), blunt force trauma – bruising, hematomas, scarring (branding, lashings, etc.), chronic back pain

42
Q

what are some common oral/dental issues in human trafficking victims/survivors?

A
  • poor oral hygiene due to being prevented from routine care
  • oral, maxillary and facial injuries are common with victims of physical assault
  • substance abuse
  • forced oral sex and sexually transmitted infections in the mouth & throat
43
Q

what are some ways you should communicate with victims of human trafficking as a practitioner?

A
  • talk with the patient alone
  • enlist a trusted interpreter if needed
  • it is important to limit history gathering to our specific role
44
Q

who can you call if you are concerned of the potential trafficking or physical/sexual abuse/assault?

A
  • DCFS and law enforcement
  • safe and health families or local children’s justice center
  • national human trafficking hotline
  • UTIP hotline
45
Q

whose role is the forensic interview, medical examination, and treatment?

A

children’s justice centers

46
Q

___ is an understanding of trauma and an awareness of the impact trauma has on mental health, coping ability, physical health, relationships, and success in the workplace and community

A

trauma-informed care

Pediatric Dentistry I 2020 (12 decks)

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