test 2 lec 3 part 2 Flashcards
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
which one of the Metabotropic-gated channels is also under VDKC?
Im
what kind of G-protein would increase the level of IP3?
Go and Gq because Ip3 is a product of PLC and Go and Gq will increase the activity of PLC
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
which one of the Metabotropic-gated channels is LVA and non-inactivating channel?
Im
which ion channel uses CaM as calcium sensor?
I(AHP)
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
which one of the Metabotropic-gated potassium channels are non-inactivating?
all of them, Im, Iatp, Iahp, Isahp
what does CaM do for I(AHP)?
acts as a Ca2+ sesor
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
which one of the Metabotropic-gated k channels are not coltage depended?
Iatp, Iahp,Isahp
what is the other name for I(AHP) channels?
SK channels
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
which one of the Metabotropic-gated k channels is activated by Ca2+
Iahp, Isahp
how does I9AHP detect Ca2+ concentration?
using CaM
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
what can activate Iahp, and Isahp?
Ca2+ (activation of IP3 receptor or ryanodine receptor can activate these channels)
how is CaM bound to I(AHP)?
CaM remains constitutively bound to I(AHP) channel, even when there is no Ca2+ bound to CaM.
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
which one of the Metabotropic-gated k channels has the same activator as Id VDKC?
Iatp
how high is the affinity of CaM for I(AHP) channels?
very high, it is so hight that is does not come unbound even where there is no CaM bound to the CaM. Even in the absent of Ca2+, CaM stays bound to the to the I(AHP).
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
what can block Iatp?
ATP in high concentration
what can block SK channels _ IAHP?
(SK channels _ IAHP are Apamin sensitive channels) o Apamin is from honeybee venom
Apamin acts like a cork and plugs the pore in the SK channel
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
what can block Iahp and Isahp?
Phosphorylation (all neurotransmitters)
where does Apamine binds to?
binds at the extracellular phase of SK channels and blocks ion from going out the channel
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
how does Iatp get activated and what does that contribute to?
when ATP concentration are low, these channels are active. They contribute to less firing of the cell ( ex: when you get sleepy.)
where does CaM binds to ?
CaM binds to intracellular, detecting anywhere form low to high level of Ca2+. The more Ca2+ is present the stronger these channels become
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
is Im sensitive to Ca2+?
Im is weakly sensitive to Ca2+
what is Hippocalcin?
acts as a Calcium sensor for I(sAHP).
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
what are the receptors that contribute to the activation of Iahp and Isahp?
IP3 receptor or ryanodine receptor by releasing more Ca2+ from store
how does I(sAHP) detect Ca2+ ?
uses Hippocalcin as calcium sesor
test 2 Lec 3 part 2
what are blockers of Im metabotropic-gated K channel?
Linopiridine, ACh and other muscarinic agonists
where can you find Hippocalcin the most in the brain?
in the forbrain, Hippocampous, and in pyramidal neuron
what is different comparing Hippocalcin to CaM?
Hippocalcin binds to 3 molecule of Ca2+ bur CaM binds to 4 Ca2+
how are I(AHP) and I(sAHP) differ in terms of their Ca2+ sensor?
Hippocalcin which is the Ca2+ sesor for I(sAHP) does not stay bound when it does not have Ca2+ bound to it, there has to be all 3 Ca2+ present and und to the hippocalcin in order for it to stay bound. CaM stays bound even without Ca2+ ion bound to it
what is the problem with hippocalcin in terms of research and experiment?
hippocalcin does not stay bound to I(sAHP) all the time and that_s shy it is hard to track it doen all the time and that_s why we do not know much about them comparing to I(AHP) which is has CaM bound to it.
what other mechanism can block or activate I(sAHP)?
Phosphorylation of these ion channels turns them off, and kinases will increase current flow through them
one reason why is Hippocalcin and I(sAHP are so important to us in terms of research?
They are very important in learning and memory, but we don_t know much about them.
what are the some of the CDKC?
Im, Ic, Iahp, Isahp
what can activate the Im channels?
retigabine
how does Ca2+ bind to Im?
Ca2+ can bind directly to Im with out any intermediate protein.
what can block Im?
Linopiridine, muscarin
which CDKC binds directly to 2 Ca2+ ion?
Ic
which CDKC channel is FI channel?
Ic
which CDKC channels are NI channels?
Iahp and Isahp
what can activate the Ic?
Niflumate
what can block Ic?
charybdotoxin and TEA
in which part of AHP does Ic contribute to ?
fast AHP
in which part of AHP does Iahp contribute to ?
medium AHP
in which part of AHP does Isahp contribute to ?
slow AHP
what mechanism can block Iahp and Isahp ?
phosphorylation blocks their activity
what other blocker can block Iahp?
Apamin (bees venom) , Dequalinium
what are the Metabotropic effects on CDKCs?
by Manipulation we can increase or decrease learning and memory
what is Clenbuterol ?
it is good agonist for neuroepinephrine receptors (the Beta-receptors). This drug can activate Gs alpha subunit.
how does Clenbuterol affect learning and memory?
Injected into basal lateral amygdala, reduction in AHP (better learning)-
what is the effect of phosphatases on learning?
phosphatases are not good for learning because learning is a phosphorylation related process.
what kind of G-protein would increase the level of IP3?
Go and Gq because Ip3 is a product of PLC and Go and Gq will increase the activity of PLC
which ion channel uses CaM as calcium sensor?
I(AHP)
what does CaM do for I(AHP)?
acts as a Ca2+ sesor
what is the other name for I(AHP) channels?
SK channels
how does I9AHP detect Ca2+ concentration?
using CaM
how is CaM bound to I(AHP)?
CaM remains constitutively bound to I(AHP) channel, even when there is no Ca2+ bound to CaM.
how high is the affinity of CaM for I(AHP) channels?
very high, it is so hight that is does not come unbound even where there is no CaM bound to the CaM. Even in the absent of Ca2+, CaM stays bound to the to the I(AHP).
what can block SK channels _ IAHP?
(SK channels _ IAHP are Apamin sensitive channels) o Apamin is from honeybee venom
Apamin acts like a cork and plugs the pore in the SK channel
where does Apamine binds to?
binds at the extracellular phase of SK channels and blocks ion from going out the channel
where does CaM binds to ?
CaM binds to intracellular, detecting anywhere form low to high level of Ca2+. The more Ca2+ is present the stronger these channels become
what is Hippocalcin?
acts as a Calcium sensor for I(sAHP).
how does I(sAHP) detect Ca2+ ?
uses Hippocalcin as calcium sesor
where can you find Hippocalcin the most in the brain?
in the forbrain, Hippocampous, and in pyramidal neuron
what is different comparing Hippocalcin to CaM?
Hippocalcin binds to 3 molecule of Ca2+ bur CaM binds to 4 Ca2+
how are I(AHP) and I(sAHP) differ in terms of their Ca2+ sensor?
Hippocalcin which is the Ca2+ sesor for I(sAHP) does not stay bound when it does not have Ca2+ bound to it, there has to be all 3 Ca2+ present and und to the hippocalcin in order for it to stay bound. CaM stays bound even without Ca2+ ion bound to it
what is the problem with hippocalcin in terms of research and experiment?
hippocalcin does not stay bound to I(sAHP) all the time and that_s shy it is hard to track it doen all the time and that_s why we do not know much about them comparing to I(AHP) which is has CaM bound to it.
what other mechanism can block or activate I(sAHP)?
Phosphorylation of these ion channels turns them off, and kinases will increase current flow through them
one reason why is Hippocalcin and I(sAHP are so important to us in terms of research?
They are very important in learning and memory, but we don_t know much about them.
what are the some of the CDKC?
Im, Ic, Iahp, Isahp
what can activate the Im channels?
retigabine
how does Ca2+ bind to Im?
Ca2+ can bind directly to Im with out any intermediate protein.
what can block Im?
Linopiridine, muscarin
which CDKC binds directly to 2 Ca2+ ion?
Ic
which CDKC channel is FI channel?
Ic
which CDKC channels are NI channels?
Iahp and Isahp
what can activate the Ic?
Niflumate
what can block Ic?
charybdotoxin and TEA
in which part of AHP does Ic contribute to ?
fast AHP
in which part of AHP does Iahp contribute to ?
medium AHP
in which part of AHP does Isahp contribute to ?
slow AHP
what mechanism can block Iahp and Isahp ?
phosphorylation blocks their activity
what other blocker can block Iahp?
Apamin (bees venom) , Dequalinium
what are the Metabotropic effects on CDKCs?
by Manipulation we can increase or decrease learning and memory
what is Clenbuterol ?
it is good agonist for neuroepinephrine receptors (the Beta-receptors). This drug can activate Gs alpha subunit.
how does Clenbuterol affect learning and memory?
Injected into basal lateral amygdala, reduction in AHP (better learning)-
what is the effect of phosphatases on learning?
phosphatases are not good for learning because learning is a phosphorylation related process.
