Test 2 International Health Care Systems Flashcards
Factors used to compare health of population of other countries
- % GDP to health care
- Per capita expenditures- health care
- Infant mortality
WHO Objectives of a Health Care System
- Improve health of a population
- Respond to the people’s expectation -
- Provide financial protection against the costs of ill health
4 basic health care models
- Socialized insurance model
- Socialized medicine
- Decentralized national health program
- Out-of-pocket model
Socialized insurance model
◦ National health insurance
◦ Single government run program
- Finances healthcare services by private providers - Example CANADA
Socialized medicine
◦ Beveridge model
◦ Health care financed by and provided by government
◦ Example: the U.K (England), Cuba
Decentralized national health program
◦ Bismark model
◦ Employers & employees required to get private health insurance
◦ Example Germany
Out-of-pocket model
◦ Lack of private health insurance
◦ No government programs
◦ Example: Most undeveloped countries
5 main principles of health care in Canada
- Portability
- Comprehensiveness
- Universality
- Accessibility
- Public Administration
Canada’s hospitals
◦ Primarily nonprofit community & teaching
◦ 4% Federal government
Canada’s physicians
+ Contract with provincial policies
+ 55% are general practitioners/ family practitioners
- Act as a gatekeeper
- Patients have free choice of doctor
issues with Canada’s system
- mal-distribution of physicians
- waiting lists
- decrease supply of physicians
- federal recession
Canada’s latest considerations
- managed care
- increased patient cost sharing
- alternative methods for physician compensation
innovations of UK system
- universal comprehensive coverage
- financing through general taxation little or no point of service charge
- nationalization of hospitals
components of UK health system structure
- hospitals
- community services
- primary medical and dental services
main values of Germany’s health care system
- self-governance
- social partnership
- social solidarity
