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test 2 flipped cards Flashcards

1
Q

Pennsylvania
walnut street prison
1790-1838
separate rooms, silent

A

first penitentiary

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2
Q

“get tough on crime”
war on drugs

A

1980-present
crime control model

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3
Q

probation, fines, house arrest, and electronic monitoring

A

intermediate sanctions

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4
Q

testifies on good character

A

character witness

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5
Q

attorneys can challenge the bias of jurors (unlimited)

A

challenging for cause

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6
Q

municipal, magistrate, justice of the peace courts

minor criminal cases, small claims, and misdemeanors

A

trial courts of limited jurisdiction
(STATE)

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7
Q

police removal of property following unlawful activity

A

seizure

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8
Q

min & max timee

A

intermediate sentence

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9
Q

focus on a specific offense or type of person committing a crime

Goals:
case management
therapeutic jurisprudence

A

problem solving courts

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10
Q

questioning jurors and testing for bias

A

voir dire process

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11
Q

jury trial, right to council, attorney (rights of the accused)

A

6th amendment

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12
Q

the first reformatory
mark system: points to reduce sentences

A

Elmira reformatory

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13
Q

evidence obtained in violation of the constitution is inadmissible in court
(exclusionary rule)

A

fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine

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14
Q

the bill of rights applies to prisoners

A

cooper v plate (1964)

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15
Q

good time:
time off for good behavior

gain time:
working for freedom

A

good time and gain time

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16
Q

Cincinnati - 1870
Elmira reformatory
the women’s prison association
Indian women’s prison, 1873

A

reform institutions

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17
Q

eyewitness account

A

direct evidence

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18
Q

non-violent, first-time offenders
dorm/camp style

A

minimum security

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19
Q

things one can infer about
(showing a map or something)

A

circumstantial evidence

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20
Q

police do not need a warrant for a vehicle if there is probable cause that it may contain evidence, drugs, or stolen property

A

automobile exception

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21
Q

district, superior, and circuit courts

felony criminal cases, major civil cases, family law cases

A

trial courts of general jurisdiction
(STATE)

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22
Q

one after another

A

consecutive sentence

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23
Q

US district courts

major federal and civil cases

A

trial courts of general jurisdiction
(FEDERAL)

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24
Q

police can enter without a warrant during a chase

A

hot pursuit

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25
prisoners work during the day
congregate system
26
repairing the harm done better for offender and victim (restorative justice)
restitution
27
officers may lawfully pat down the clothing of someone when they have reasonable suspicion that a person is involved in criminal activity
stop and frisk
28
most violent offenders cells, fences, armed guards, towers/patrols
high security
29
at tourneys for both sides who produce and argue against evidence to find the truth
adversarial process
30
US magistrate preliminary matters and minor federal offenses
trial courts of limited jurisdiction (FEDERAL)
31
can examine evidence without a warrant when it is in plain sight
plain view doctrine
32
excusing jurors without an excuse/reason (limited #)
preemptory challenge
33
violent/sex offenses cells, fences, armed guards
medium security
34
a sum of money decided by the judge an accused person pays to be released before their trial
bail
35
some of sentence served in jail, some on probation
shock probation
36
plea deal while maintaining innocence
Alford pleas
37
temporary detention of a person for questioning or investigation based on reasonable suspicion
police stop
38
the law determines the sentence
mandatory sentence
39
Philadelphia society for alleviating the miseries of public prisons - 1787
gotta reform the awful prisons
40
special knowledge
expert witness
41
selling prisoners to private companies new york system
contract system
42
non-violent dorm style, fenced
low security
43
physical evidence
real evidence
44
firm sentence
determinant sentence
45
lease system: work exchanged for food and clothing worked prisoners to death stopped with anti-contract law in 1877
southern prison systems
46
serving sentences at the same time
concurrent sentence
47
must serve 85% of sentence
truth in sentencing
48
first penitentiary
Pennsylvania walnut street prison 1790-1838 separate rooms, silent
49
gotta reform the awful prisons
Philadelphia society for alleviating the miseries of public prisons - 1787
50
relevant evidence
demonstrative evidence
51
eastern state penitentiary 1829-1970 overcrowding ends confinement
next penitentiary
52
an arrest, search, or seizure can be made without a warrant when there is an immediate threat to public safety
exigent circumstances exception
53
grand jury (due process), double jeopardy, self-incrimination
5th amendment
54
leasing work in exchange for food and clothing south
lease system
55
eyewitness - saw crime
lay witness
56
police can forgo Miranda rights if doing so would threaten public safety
public safety exception
57
a jury which is kept in a private location for part or the entirety of a trial
sequestered jury
58
next penitentiary
eastern state penitentiary 1829-1970 overcrowding ends confinement
59
Defendents promise to appear in court
release on recognizance
60
lay witness: saw crime expert witness: special knowledge character witness: testifies on good character
types of witness

Criminal Justice (5 decks)

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