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Criminal Justice > test 2 flipped cards > Flashcards

test 2 flipped cards Flashcards

1
Q

Pennsylvania
walnut street prison
1790-1838
separate rooms, silent

A

first penitentiary

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2
Q

“get tough on crime”
war on drugs

A

1980-present
crime control model

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3
Q

probation, fines, house arrest, and electronic monitoring

A

intermediate sanctions

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4
Q

testifies on good character

A

character witness

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5
Q

attorneys can challenge the bias of jurors (unlimited)

A

challenging for cause

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6
Q

municipal, magistrate, justice of the peace courts

minor criminal cases, small claims, and misdemeanors

A

trial courts of limited jurisdiction
(STATE)

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7
Q

police removal of property following unlawful activity

A

seizure

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8
Q

min & max timee

A

intermediate sentence

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9
Q

focus on a specific offense or type of person committing a crime

Goals:
case management
therapeutic jurisprudence

A

problem solving courts

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10
Q

questioning jurors and testing for bias

A

voir dire process

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11
Q

jury trial, right to council, attorney (rights of the accused)

A

6th amendment

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12
Q

the first reformatory
mark system: points to reduce sentences

A

Elmira reformatory

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13
Q

evidence obtained in violation of the constitution is inadmissible in court
(exclusionary rule)

A

fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine

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14
Q

the bill of rights applies to prisoners

A

cooper v plate (1964)

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15
Q

good time:
time off for good behavior

gain time:
working for freedom

A

good time and gain time

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16
Q

Cincinnati - 1870
Elmira reformatory
the women’s prison association
Indian women’s prison, 1873

A

reform institutions

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17
Q

eyewitness account

A

direct evidence

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18
Q

non-violent, first-time offenders
dorm/camp style

A

minimum security

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19
Q

things one can infer about
(showing a map or something)

A

circumstantial evidence

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20
Q

police do not need a warrant for a vehicle if there is probable cause that it may contain evidence, drugs, or stolen property

A

automobile exception

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21
Q

district, superior, and circuit courts

felony criminal cases, major civil cases, family law cases

A

trial courts of general jurisdiction
(STATE)

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22
Q

one after another

A

consecutive sentence

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23
Q

US district courts

major federal and civil cases

A

trial courts of general jurisdiction
(FEDERAL)

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24
Q

police can enter without a warrant during a chase

A

hot pursuit

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25
Q

prisoners work during the day

A

congregate system

26
Q

repairing the harm done
better for offender and victim
(restorative justice)

A

restitution

27
Q

officers may lawfully pat down the clothing of someone when they have reasonable suspicion that a person is involved in criminal activity

A

stop and frisk

28
Q

most violent offenders
cells, fences, armed guards, towers/patrols

A

high security

29
Q

at tourneys for both sides who produce and argue against evidence to find the truth

A

adversarial process

30
Q

US magistrate

preliminary matters and minor federal offenses

A

trial courts of limited jurisdiction
(FEDERAL)

31
Q

can examine evidence without a warrant when it is in plain sight

A

plain view doctrine

32
Q

excusing jurors without an excuse/reason (limited #)

A

preemptory challenge

33
Q

violent/sex offenses
cells, fences, armed guards

A

medium security

34
Q

a sum of money decided by the judge an accused person pays to be released before their trial

A

bail

35
Q

some of sentence served in jail, some on probation

A

shock probation

36
Q

plea deal while maintaining innocence

A

Alford pleas

37
Q

temporary detention of a person for questioning or investigation based on reasonable suspicion

A

police stop

38
Q

the law determines the sentence

A

mandatory sentence

39
Q

Philadelphia society for alleviating the miseries of public prisons - 1787

A

gotta reform the awful prisons

40
Q

special knowledge

A

expert witness

41
Q

selling prisoners to private companies
new york system

A

contract system

42
Q

non-violent
dorm style, fenced

A

low security

43
Q

physical evidence

A

real evidence

44
Q

firm sentence

A

determinant sentence

45
Q

lease system:
work exchanged for food and clothing

worked prisoners to death
stopped with anti-contract law in 1877

A

southern prison systems

46
Q

serving sentences at the same time

A

concurrent sentence

47
Q

must serve 85% of sentence

A

truth in sentencing

48
Q

first penitentiary

A

Pennsylvania
walnut street prison
1790-1838
separate rooms, silent

49
Q

gotta reform the awful prisons

A

Philadelphia society for alleviating the miseries of public prisons - 1787

50
Q

relevant evidence

A

demonstrative evidence

51
Q

eastern state penitentiary
1829-1970
overcrowding ends confinement

A

next penitentiary

52
Q

an arrest, search, or seizure can be made without a warrant when there is an immediate threat to public safety

A

exigent circumstances exception

53
Q

grand jury (due process), double jeopardy, self-incrimination

A

5th amendment

54
Q

leasing work in exchange for food and clothing
south

A

lease system

55
Q

eyewitness - saw crime

A

lay witness

56
Q

police can forgo Miranda rights if doing so would threaten public safety

A

public safety exception

57
Q

a jury which is kept in a private location for part or the entirety of a trial

A

sequestered jury

58
Q

next penitentiary

A

eastern state penitentiary
1829-1970
overcrowding ends confinement

59
Q

Defendents promise to appear in court

A

release on recognizance

60
Q

lay witness:
saw crime

expert witness:
special knowledge

character witness:
testifies on good character

A

types of witness

Criminal Justice (5 decks)

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