Test 2 Federal Bureaucracy (4.0 and Go) Flashcards
Bureaucracy
the thousands of federal government agencies and institutions that implement and administer federal laws and programs
spoils system
the firing of public office holders of a defeated political part and replacing them with loyalists of the newly elected party
Patronage
jobs, grants, or other special favors that are given as rewards to friends and political allies for their support
Pendleton Act
created a system that federal employment would be based upon open and competitive exams
Civil Service system
the federal bureaucracy
Merit system
the new system created from the Pendleton Act, federal jobs based on merit instead of political allegiance
Independent regulatory commisson
an agency outside a major executive department created by Congress that is generally concerned with a specific aspect of the economy
16th amendment
implements federal income tax increase federal government
New Deal created
more federal agencies
Bureaucrats
Career government employees
Formal Organization
4 types: Cabinet Departments Government Corporations Independent Executive Agencies Interdependent Commissions
Cabinet Departments
15 major administrative units with responsibility for conducting broad area government operations. Headed by Cabinet Secretaries appointed by the President
Government Corporations
businesses established by Congress to perform functions that could be provided by private business
Charge for services
Amtrack
FDIC
Independent Executive Agencies
closely resemble Cabinet departments by have narrower areas of responsibility
Heads appointed by Pres.
NASA, EPA
Interdependent Commissions
agency outside a major executive department created by Congress that is generally concerned with a specific aspect of the economy
Hatch Act
designed to prohibit federal employees from becoming directly involved in working for political candidates
Federal Employees Political Activities Act
liberation of the Hatch Act, allows federal employees to run for public office in nonpartisan elections, contribute money to political organizations and campaign for or against candidates in partisan elections
Implementation
how agencies execute congressional wishes and put the law or policy into operation
Iron Triangle
the relatively stable relationship and pattern of interaction that occurs among an agency, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees
Issue Network
similar to iron triangles but with more actors. Includes lawyers, consultants, academics, PR specialists and sometimes the courts
Interagency council
working groups that bring together representatives of several departments and agencies to facilitate the coordination of policy making an implementation
Policy Making
Administrative discretion
Rule Making
Regulations
Administrative discretion
the ability of bureaucrats to make choices concerning the best way to implement congressional intentions
Rule making
a quasi-legislative administrative process that has the characteristics of a legislative act
Regulations
rules that govern the operation of a particular government program that have the force of law
Administrative Adjudication
a quasi-judicial process in which a bureaucratic agency settles disputes between two parties in a manner similar to the way court resolve disputes
