Chapter 3

Question 1

sovereignty

Answer 1

supreme and independent political authority

Question 2

implied powers

Answer 2

Powers derived from the necessary and proper clause

Such powers are not specifically expressed but are immplies through the expansive interpretation of delegated powers

Question 3

reserved powers

Answer 3

powers derived from the tenth amendment
are not specifically delegated to the national gov or denied to the states
these powers are reserved to the states

Question 4

eminent domain

Answer 4

the right of the government to take private property for pubic use with reasonable compensation awarded for the property

Question 5

police power

Answer 5

the power reserved to the government to regulate health, safety, and moral of its citizens

Question 6

concurrent powers

Answer 6

the authority possessed by both state and national governments such as the power to levy taxes

Question 7

full faith and credit clause

Answer 7

requires that each state normally honor the public acts and judicial decisions that take place in another state

Question 8

privileges and immunities

Answer 8

stating that a state cannot discriminate against someone from another state or give its own residents special privileges

Question 9

home rule

Answer 9

the power delegated by the state to a local unit of government to manage its own affair

Question 10

dual federalism

Answer 10

system of government in which fundamental governmental powers were shared between the federal and state governments with the states exercising the most important powers

Question 11

commerce clause

Answer 11

Congress has the power to “regulate Commerce with foreign Nations and among the states”

Question 12

cooperative federalism

Answer 12

type of federalism existing since the New Deal era in which grants in aid have been used strategically to encourage states and localities to pursue nationally defined goals

Question 13

grants-in-aid

Answer 13

a general term for funds given b Congress to state and local governments

Question 14

categorical-grants-in-aid

Answer 14

Funds given by Congress to states and localities and that are earnmarked by law for specific categories such as education or crime prevention

Question 15

project grants

Answer 15

grant programs in which state and local governments submit proposals to dederal agencies and for which funding is provided on a competitive bases

Question 16

formula grants

Answer 16

grants in aid in which a formula is used to determine the amount of federal funds a state or local government will recieve

Question 17

unfunded mandates

Answer 17

national standards or programs imposed on state and local governments by the federal government without accompanying funding or reimbursment

Question 18

block grants

Answer 18

federal funds given to state governments to pay for goods, services, or programs, with relatively few restrictions on how the funds may be spent

Question 19

states’ rights

Answer 19

the principle that states should oppose increases in the authority of the national government
most popular before civil war

Question 20

state soverign immunity

Answer 20

a legal doctrine holding that states cannot be sued for violating an act of Congress

Question 21

Legislative supremacy

Answer 21

Preeminent position assigned to Congress by the Constitution

Question 22

Divided government

Answer 22

Condition in American government in which the presidency is controlled by one party while the opposing party controls one or both houses of congress

Question 23

Executive privilege

Answer 23

The claim that confidential communications between the president and the presidents close advisers should not be revealed without the consent of the president

Question 24

Writ of habeas corpus

Answer 24

A court order demanding that an individual in custody must be brought into court and shown the cause for detention