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Biomedical Physiology > Test 2 Drugs > Flashcards

Test 2 Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

prozac

A

SSRI- selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor
causes serotonin to last longer in the synapse
used to treat depression

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1
Q

dopamine

A

is a catecholamine

secreted by limbic system neurons- enhances reward, drive, and motivation

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2
Q

norepinephrine

A

a catecholamine

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3
Q

epinephrine

A

a catecholamine

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4
Q

sertonin

A

(5-HT)

indolamine

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5
Q

histamines

A

in posterior hypothalamus
important in modulation of sleep
controls which memories and learning are forgotten

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6
Q

glutamate, aspartate

A

excitatory amino acid derivatives

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7
Q

angel dust

A

PSP

amino acid derivative that binds well to glutamate receptors

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8
Q

GABA

A

inhibitory NT

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9
Q

benzodiazapines

A

anti- anxiety drug

enhances GABA production to activate gabanergic neurons- causes an overall calming effect

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10
Q

Glycine

A

inhibitory NT that effects Cl- channels to hyperpolarize the neuron so it is less likely to respond to stimulus

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11
Q

strychnine

A

a poison
is an antagonist of glycine- glycine receptor blocker
causes too much stimulation

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12
Q

substance P

A

found in nocioceptors (transmit pain)

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13
Q

capsaicin

A

can bind to TRPV1 protein on pain and heat sensing neurons

can deplete substance P and cause temporary relief from pain

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14
Q

opioids

A

cause sense of euphoria/well-being

in limbic system

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15
Q

endophins

A

opioid

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16
Q

enkaphalius

A

opioid

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17
Q

dynorphins

A

opiod

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18
Q

opium

A

bind opioid receptors and cause euphoria

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19
Q

morphine

A

binds opioid receptors= euphoria

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20
Q

nitric oxide

A

excitatory in CNS

in PNS it is a potent relaxer of endothelial walls

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21
Q

viagra

A

increases nitric oxide levels to relax blood vessels going to penis
treats erectile dysfunction

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22
Q

resperine=serpasil

A

blocks uptake of NE into synaptic vesicles so it is exposed to MAO in the cytoplasm that breaks it down
leads to decrease in sympathetic activity

23
Q

albuterol

A

epinephrine mimic that binds to B2 receptors to open airways

24
Q

asthma medication

A

B2 agonist or M1/M3 inhibitor

25
Q

neosynephrine (claritin)

A

decongestant active ingredient is pseudoephedrine
potent a1 receptor stimulator agonist
causes vasoconstriction of the vessels supplying blood to the glands—therefore decrease their ability to secrete

26
Q

pilocarpine

A

mimics the effect of Ach but not detected by acetylcholinesterase so ach stays in the synapse longer
used to treat glaucoma- N and M receptor agaonist- increase in ciliary muscle contraction

27
Q

Duvoid

A

M receptor stimulator
used to treat non-obstructive urinary retension
increase contraction of detrussor muscle, decrease in sphincter muscle contraction

28
Q

nicorete/ nicoderm

A

N receptor agaonist
has biphasic action
~low dose stimulate N1 and N2
~high dose inhibits N1 and N2

29
Q

trimethaphan (arfonad)

A

N1 receptor antagonist (blocker)
used during anesthesia to produce controlled hypotension
blocks autonomic input

30
Q

atropine

A

aka belladonna
M receptor blocker
used to make pupils dialate
from deadly nightshade flower

31
Q

mydriacyl

A

M receptor blocker

what is now used to dialate eyes b/c it doesn’t last as long as atropine

32
Q

detrol

A

M receptor blocker

used to treat bladder instability or incontinence

33
Q

bentyl

A

M receptor blocker used to treat IBS by decreasing gut motility

34
Q

scopolamine (hyoscine)

A

derivative of deadly nightshade

used to put women in twilight sleep during childbirth

35
Q

Demsec

A

drug that blocks synthesis of NE/E by blocking tyrosine hydrozylase that converts L-tyrosine to L-dopa
decreases the sympathetic effect
was once used to treat hypertension by reducing NE/E

36
Q

methyl-dopa (aldomet)

A

false NT (instead of L-dopa)
gets converted to alpha methyl norepinephrine and released in synapse but does not bind to a1 or B1 receptors
acts as though there is no NT
it DOES bind a2 receptors in axonal terminal and shuts down stimulation of sympathetic
used to treat hypertension

37
Q

ismelin

A

blocks release of NE/E

used to treat hypertension

38
Q

serpasil (reserpine)

A

blocks transport of NE back into synaptic vesicles (uptake 1) so it increases amount of time MAO can breakdown NE

39
Q

Dextrine

A

synergizes and makes NE/E bind better (false displacement)

used to treat hypertension and narcolepsy

40
Q

epi-pen

A

epinephrine
mostly binds to a1 receptors and promote sympathetic effects
increase blood pressure and treat shock

41
Q

levophed (norepinephrine)

A

binds a1, a2 B1, B2 receptors

used to treat hypotension and increase blood pressure

42
Q

phenylephrin (pseudoephrine)

A

synthetic NE/E- is the active ingredient in nasal decongestants
bind a1 of smooth muscles around vessels going to nasolacrimal glands and increases vasoconstriction
stops runny nose but incresases blood pressure

43
Q

clonidine (catapress)

A

a2 agonist

used to treat hypertension, increases vasodilation, decreases blood pressure

44
Q

isuprel (isoproternol)

A

binds both B1 and B2
used to treat shock
increases cardiac output and blood pressure

45
Q

dubotrex

A

B1 specific agonist

increase heart rate and strength of contraction and cardiac output

46
Q

proventil (maxair)

A

B2 specific agonist
used to treat asthma
will also impair B2 receptors in the GI tract

47
Q

Yupotar

A

B2 specific agaonist

used to delay labor by decreasing uterine contractions

48
Q

prazosin (minipress)

A

block a receptors on smooth muscle cells around arteries so decrease blood pressure
used to treat hypertension

49
Q

indreal (propranolol)

A

blocks B1 and B2
used to treat hypertension
decrease HR and blood pressure

50
Q

lopressor
tenormin
toprol-XL

A

B1 specific blockers for hypertension

51
Q

coreg

A

B1, B2, and a1 blocker

decreases blood pressure

52
Q

hytrin

A

block a receptors on smooth muscle cells around arteries so decrease blood pressure
used to treat hypertension

53
Q

flomax

A

block a receptors on smooth muscle cells around arteries so decrease blood pressure
used to treat hypertension
for those with enlarged prostate, used to block sympathetic effects that block urination

54
Q

Cardura

A

block a receptors on smooth muscle cells around arteries so decrease blood pressure
used to treat hypertension
for those with enlarged prostate, blocks sympathetic effects to allow urination

Biomedical Physiology (3 decks)

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