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Mental Health 1CC3 > Test 2 (Cumulative) > Flashcards

Test 2 (Cumulative) Flashcards

1
Q

Why is it hard to tell to tell where the line is between normality and abnormality?

A

Normality is not an objective concept

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2
Q

Why is it hard to tell how much of a person’s behaviour is driven by forces outside of their control?

A

It’s hard to tell where the person stops and the disorder begins

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3
Q

Why can a college student get away with “hyper-sexuality”, but a politician can’t?

A

Sometimes normality varies depending on how society views you

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4
Q

What is the Bradley home?

A

An orphanage in Rhode island that may be the origin of hyperactivity

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5
Q

What was “hyperkinetic impulse disorder” originally described as?

A

Having symptoms of hyperactivity, short attention span, and poor school work

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6
Q

What group of people predominated the diagnoses for hyperkinetic impulse disorder?

A

Young boys

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7
Q

Why wasn’t this disorder seen as a “disease” to the same extent as some other mental disorders?

A

Because it wasn’t looked at as something that took over your whole being, but rather the addition of some certain behaviours

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8
Q

Why did many different groups like the diagnoses for hyperkinetic impulse disorder?

A

Because it was an easy explanation for why kids weren’t doing well in school

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9
Q

Why did parents like the diagnoses of HKID?

A

Because it took the blame off their parenting

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10
Q

Why did school like the diagnoses of HKID?

A

Because it took the blame of their teaching

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11
Q

What was sputnik?

A

A space satellite launched by Russia that started the cold war

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12
Q

What was the “brain race”?

A

There was an idea that Russian schoolchildren were taught better than Americans, so the US was implementing longer school hours and more years of school to prove their children were better taught

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13
Q

Why was hyperactivity so sought out during the cold war?

A

It was seen as a threat to the brain race…

- some peoples jobs depended on finding these kids

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14
Q

Why do different definitions of the hyperactivity matter?

A

Because different definitions hold different connotations, and determine who gets diagnosed and how they get treated

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15
Q

Which defintion of hyperactivity often wins out, and why?

A

The biological definition, because it’s supported by pharmacies, governements, patients, and parents

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16
Q

When did hyperactivity get relabelled as AD(H)D, and what does this new definition include?

A

1980s, now including those who have trouble paying attention

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17
Q

What did the new definition of ADHD affect in terms of those diagnosed?

A

Now more girls and adults were diagnosed under the broadened definition

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18
Q

What does “stimulant drugs were used diagnostically” mean?

A

If you responded to the drugs, then you were diagnosed with ADHD
- doesn’t make sense because everyone responds to these drugs somewhat

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19
Q

What is a Personality Disorder?

A

“An enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture”

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20
Q

When do personalities usually show up?

A

In adolescents and early adults

21
Q

What is Cluster A of PD’s?

A

Odd/eccentric

- Ex. Paranoid PD

22
Q

What is Paranoid PD?

A
  • someone who is distrusting, unforgiving, prone to angry outbursts
  • often interpret the actions of others as threatening
  • more common in men
23
Q

What is Cluster B of PD’s?

A

Overly emotional

- Ex. Borderlind PD

24
Q

What is Borderline PD?

A
  • someone who is prone to unhealthy relationships, refuses to be alone, prone to impulsive moods/behaviour
  • 75% female
  • comorbid with mood, anxiety, eating disorders
25
Q

What is Cluster C of PD’s?

A

Anxious

- Ex. Dependant PD

26
Q

What is Dependant PD?

A
  • some exhibits a pattern of dependant and submissive behaviour, requires reassurance, seems helpless if alone
  • these people may be tolerant of abusive behaviour
  • predominant in women
  • broader social pattern?
27
Q

What are Paraphilic Disorders?

A

“Sexual desire of behaviour that involves another person’s psychological distress or injury or desire for sex involving unwilling persons unable to give legal consent”

28
Q

What does the DSM try to emphasize about paraphilic disorders?

A

That it is not people with unusual sexual interests that have the disorder…
- to have the disorder you must feel personal distress about your own desires/interests

29
Q

What is Gender Dysphoria?

A

The strong desire to be treated as gender different to how society treats that person, or to be rid of one’s sex

30
Q

What does the DSM try to stress about gender dysphoria?

A

“Gender nonconformity is not in itself a mental disorder”, it is instead the clinically significant stress that is associated with this condition

31
Q

Why should we pathologize gender dysphoria?

A
  • if the disorder is legitimate, it may cause the cost of changing genders to be covered somewhat by health care providers
  • it recognizes the associated emotional distress
32
Q

Why shouldn’t we pathologize gender dysphoria?

A
  • it could be stigmatizing, therefore making someones distress worse
  • low diagnostic reliability
  • shifting the lines of normal/abnormal
33
Q

Why are might many models of mental illness be criticized?

A

Because they fail to include culture

- especially the medical model

34
Q

Why is culture important in talking about mental illness?

A

Because mental illnesses are partially shaped by behaviour and experience

35
Q

Why might treatment models vary depending on culture?

A

Different cultures might see the illness as having a different cause… brain, soul, behaviour, etc

  • physicians from different backgrounds could be more/less likely to diagnose certain types of disorders
  • also gender expectations
36
Q

What is a culture bound syndrome?

A

A disorder that is recognized only within a specific culture or society
- not simply a disorder from the DSM under a different name, but something else entirely

37
Q

What is Amok?

A
  • from the south pacific/puerto rico
  • a dissociative episode featuring a period of brooding followed by outburtst of aggressive behaviour aimed at people and objects
  • persecutory ideas, automatism amnesia, return to selves
38
Q

What is Dhat?

A
  • india
  • vague somatic symptoms of fatigue, weakness, anxiety, loss of appetite, guilt, and sexual dysfunction attributed to loss of semen in nocturnal emissions, through urine, and masterbation
39
Q

What is Koro/Shekui?

A
  • china

- disorder where a person fears masturbation and nocturnal emission will lead to penile shrinkage

40
Q

What is Pibloktoq (arctic hysteria)?

A
  • inuit
  • follows the loss or percieved loss of a valued person or object
  • brooding, silences, loss/disturbance of consiousness, seizure-like episodes, tearing off clothes, rolling in the snow, speaking in tongues, echoing peoples words
41
Q

What are some disorders that are only found in western society?
(Or only expressed in the way of the DSM by western society)

A
  • fibromyalgia
  • eating disorders
  • ADHD
  • depression
  • PMDD
42
Q

What is ethnocentricity?

A

The idea that we are probably just focussing on ourselves, and not “dignifying” other cultures “strange” behaviour with real medical terms

43
Q

Can cross cultural psychiatry truly exist?

A

Some people say that behavioural norms are too deeply ingrained in context to allow for universal psychiatry

44
Q

What is Nosology?

A

A branch of medical science dealing with the classification of diseases

45
Q

What is the main message of the Summerfield reading?

A

PTSD is a disorder that was originally created by the public, therefore its legitimacy is debatable
- it may not be a valid disorder, according to the author

46
Q

What is the main message of the Dias reading?

A

Pro - ana websites are there for women to express their feelings about their disorder in a safe space

  • these sites are highly prosecuted by the media
  • however, society may not know the whole story about the girls who use them/why they use them
47
Q

What is the main message of the Kendell reading?

A

Discussing whether or not personality disorders qualify as a real mental disorder (by british psychologist standards)

  • where is the line?
  • what makes them different: ex. time line
48
Q

What is the main message of the Lemelson reading?

A

Discussing the cultural differences of OCD, using a case study of 19 patients suffereing from OCD in Bali, Indonesia
- the symptom expression is the biggest difference between Bali and the western world

Mental Health 1CC3 (3 decks)

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