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Psychology > Test 2 - Ch 3&4 > Flashcards

Test 2 - Ch 3&4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Single, long, thin, straight fiber with branches near its tip that as a rule transmits information to other cells

A

Axon

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2
Q

Are an insulating sheath that speeds up the transmission of impulses along an axons

A

Myelin

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3
Q

An excitation that travels along an axon at a constant strength, no matter how far it must travel

A

Action potential

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4
Q

Electrical polarization across the membrane of an axon

A

Resting potential

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5
Q

Specialized junction between one neuron and another into which a neuron releases a chemical that either excites or inhibits the next neuron

A

Synaptic gap

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6
Q

_______ is a presynaptic ending on the _____ of the transmitting neuron

A

Terminal bouton; axon

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7
Q

_________ is a chemical that actives receptors on the ________ of the receiving neuron

A

Neurotransmitter; dendrite

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8
Q

The neuron on the receiving end of the synapse

A

Post synaptic neuron

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9
Q

The neurotransmitter is affected by most elicit drug

A

Dopamine

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10
Q

the _________ consists of he brain and spinal cord

A

Central Nervous System

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11
Q

The _______ consists of bundles of nerves between the spinal cord and the rest of the body

A

Peripheral Nervous System

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12
Q

________ is part of the Peripheral Nervous System that connects to the skin and muscles

A

Somatic Nervous System

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13
Q

__________ controls the internal organs such as the heart, stomach, endocrine system..

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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14
Q

At the rear of the head and is specialized for vision

A

Occipital lobe

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15
Q

Located toward the left and right sides of the head, it is the main area for hearing and some of the complex aspects of vision.

A

Temporal lobe

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16
Q

A subcortical structure deep within the temporal lobe that responds strongly to emotional situations

A

Amygdala

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17
Q

Specialized for the body senses, including touch, pain, temperature, and awareness of the location of body parts in space. It sits just forward from the occipital lobe.

A

Parietal lobe

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18
Q

A person suffered damage to the forebrain and consequently had impaired touch sensations and spatial localization, what is the probable location of damage?

A

Parietal lobe

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19
Q

A person suffered damage to the forebrain and consequently had hearing and some changes in emotional experience, what is the probable location of the damage?

A

Temporal lobe

20
Q

A person suffered damage to the forebrain and consequently experienced a loss of vision in the left visual field, what is the probable of the damage?

A

Occipital lobe

21
Q

A person suffered damage to the forebrain and consequently had difficulty with certain aspects of memory and tended to make impulsive decisions, what is the probable location of the damage?

A

Frontal lobe

22
Q

A rapid, automatic response to a stimulus

A

Reflex

23
Q

Important for hunger, thirst, temperature regulation, sex, and other motivated behaviors, and is located just below the thalamus

A

Hypothalamus

24
Q

Chemicals released by glands and conveyed via the blood to alter activity in various organs

A

Hormones

25
Q

Set of axons that connect the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex.

A

Corpus callosum

26
Q

The question of how separate brain area combine forces to produce a unified perception of a single object is the ________

A

Binding problem

27
Q

The conversion of energy from the environment into a pattern of response by the nervous system

A

sensation

28
Q

The interpretation of the information obtained through sensation

A

Perception

29
Q

Energies from the world around us that affects us in some way

A

Stimuli

30
Q

Specialized cells that convert environmental energies into signals for the nervous system

A

Receptors

31
Q

Adapted for color vision, daytime vision, and detailed vision

A

Cones

32
Q

Adapted for vision in dim light

A

Rods

33
Q

Vibrations of the air or of another medium

A

Sound waves

34
Q

Perception that depends on the amplitude of sound waves

A

Loudness

35
Q

Perception closely related to frequency

A

Pitch

36
Q

Fluid filled canals of the snail-shaped organ which contains the receptors for hearing

A

Cochlea

37
Q

_______ detects the tilt of the head, acceleration of the head, and orientation of the head with respect to gravity

A

Vestibular sense

38
Q

Neurotransmitters that inhibit the release of Substance P and thereby weaken pain sensations and bind to opiate receptors

A

Endorphins

39
Q

Sense of smells

A

Olfaction

40
Q

The stimuli that sometimes influence our behavior even when they are presented so faintly or briefly that we do not perceive them consciously

A

Subliminal perception

41
Q

Misrepresentation of a visual stimulus

A

Optical illusion

42
Q

________ occurs when we imagine the rest of the figure

A

Closure

43
Q

Tendency to perceive objects that are close together as belonging to a group

A

Common fate

44
Q

________ a stimuli can be perceived in more than one way

A

Reversible figures

45
Q

Widely branching structures that recurve input from other neurons

A

Dendrites

Psychology (8 decks)

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