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Neuro Anatomy > Test 2: Brainstem Motor Nuclei > Flashcards

Test 2: Brainstem Motor Nuclei Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between somatic vs branchial?

A

Based on embryonic origin- somatic is mesoderm origin of head/eye muscles/tongue

Somatic:
I, II, III, IV, VI, XII
Branchial:
V, VII, IX, X, XI

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2
Q

What 3 cranial nervse are not part of the corticobulbar system?

A

CN III, IV, VI

target eye muscles

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3
Q

CN V

CB, CB location, and target

A

Trigeminal motor
Pons
Muscles of mastication

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4
Q

CN VII

CB, CB location, and target

A

facial motor
pons
muscles of expression

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5
Q

CN IX

CB, CB location, and target

A

ambiguus
medulla
stylopharyngeal muscles

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6
Q

CN X

CB, CB location, and target

A

ambiguus
medulla
pharynx, largynx muscles

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7
Q

CN XI

CB, CB location, and target

A

Accessory motor
medulla/cervical
traps, SCM

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8
Q

CN XII

CB, CB location, and target

A

Hypoglossal
medulla
tongue

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9
Q

What do the brainstem visceromotor neurons do

A

all parasympathetic controlled

have pre ganglionic and post ganglionic CB that go to smooth muscles and glands

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10
Q

CN III visceromotor

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

Ed-west
midbrain
ciliary
ciliary muscles and pupilary constrictors

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11
Q

CN VII to pterygodal

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

superior salvitory nucleus
pons
pterygodal
lacrimal and nasal mucous

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12
Q

CN VII to submandibular

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

superior salvitory nucleus
pons
submandibular
salivary gland

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13
Q

CN IX

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

inferior salivary nucleus
pons/medulla
otic
parotid gland

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14
Q

CN X

Pregang, CB, post gang, and target

A

dorsal motor nucleus
rostral medulla
terminal
heart, lung, GI

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15
Q

What is the general pathway of corticobulbar tracts?

A

M1- through corona radiata- post limb - genu
Descend through midbrain ventrally by cereb pedunc
-start branching in pons down to spinal cord bilatearlly or one direction to different motor nuclei

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16
Q

Where is the trigeminal motor nucleus (V)

A

rostral/mid pons

  • goes bilateral for facial control
  • more contralateral
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17
Q

Where is the facial motor nucleus (VII)?

A

basis pons

  • has upper and lower facial portions
  • primarily contrlateral
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18
Q

Where is the hypoglossal motor nucleus (XII)?

A

medulla

  • controls tongue
  • more contrlateral
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19
Q

Where is the nucleus ambiguus (CN IX, X, sometimes XI)?

A

spans medulla

  • primarily contrlateral
  • tongue, phary/lary muscles
20
Q

Where is the accessory nucleus (XI)?

A

medulla/cervical spine

  • SCM/traps control
  • primarily ispilateral
21
Q

In the brainstem which motor nuclei sit medial to lateral?

A

Somatic most medial (except ed-west medial between III)
Broncomotor latearl to somatic
Visceral motor latearl to bronchomotor (except ed-west)

22
Q

What branch of trigeminal nerve has brainstem nuclei control of motor function?

A

V3 manidbular branch
-small branchial motor divison

Controls:
jaw closers, openers for massication
middle ear to decrease chew sounds

23
Q

Where is the CB for the trigeminal nerve

A

trigeminal motor nucleus

24
Q

What is the ONLY branchial motor muscle with muscle spinlde

A

Jaw closers!

proprioceptive control for jaw stretch reflex

25
Q

Where is the CB for the jaw closer stretch reflex of trigeminal?

A

trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus

26
Q

What is the blood supply to the trigeminal motor nucleus

A

basilar and AICA

27
Q

What is the main branch primary function of the facial nerve (VII)?

A

controlling facial expression

  • lesser branches to jaw openers, middle ear, etc.
  • muscles are derived from bronchiol arches and anchored to bone/fascia of the skin
28
Q

Where are the motor neurons for the facial nerve?

A

facial nucleus in caudal pons

29
Q

What do the motor neurons of the facial nucleus do in the caudal pons?

A

loop around the abducens nucleus

-creates bulge on the floor of 4th ventricl

30
Q

What are the 5 branches of regional control for facial motor

A
  1. temporal
  2. zygomatic
  3. buccal
  4. mandiublar
  5. cervical
31
Q

What is the path of the eye blink reflex?

A

temporal/zygomatic branches of facial control used!!

free nerve ending from trigeminal innvervation of cornea-> trigeminal tanglia -> spinal trigeminal tract -> caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus
reflex part goes up to facial nucleus- out to blink obicularis oculi

32
Q

What does the glossopharybgeal (IX) do? where is the neuron

A

elevate pharynx: speech, swallow, gag

-neurons rostral nucleus ambiguus

33
Q

What does vagus (X) do? where is neurons

A

innervates pharygneal muscles: swallow, gag, laryngeal muscles for smeepch
-neurons in rostral nucleus ambiguus

34
Q

What does the accesory (XI) do? Where is it located?

A

SCM, traps
motor neurons from C1-C3
-spinal extension of ambiguus

35
Q

What connects nucleus ambiguus and spinal accessory nucleus?

A

larygneal motor neurons in medulla/SC

36
Q

What does the hypoglossal (XII) do? Where is it located?

A

intrinsic tongue muscles

hypoglossal nucleus in midline rostrall medulla

37
Q

What is the path of the swall/gag control?

A

touch to back wall of throat sets of:
Superior ganglia of IX glossopharyngeal-> caudal solitary tract-> caudal solitary nucleus

synapse in solitary nucleus and sends signal to:
ambiguus nucleus and hypoglossal nucleus
-to open mouth, close pharynz, and thrust tongue

38
Q

Where are the CB for preganglionic neurons in paraympathetic divisions?

A

Brainstem

39
Q

Where are the CB for postganclionic neurons in parasympathetic divisions?

A

close to targets in head/pelvis

40
Q

Where are the CBs for CNIII visceromotor

A

pregan: Ed-West
CB: ciliary gang
post: constrictor cilliary muscle

41
Q

Where are the CBs for CNIV visceromotor

A

pre: superior salicary nucleus (pons)
CB: pterygoid or submandibular
Post: lacrimal, nasal, etc.

42
Q

Where are the CBs for IX visceromotor

A

pre: inferior salivary nucleus (pons-med)
CB: otic
Post: salicary glands

43
Q

Where are the CBs for X visceromotor

A

pre: dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
CB: terminal ganglia
post: heart, lung, GI

44
Q

What is the main blood supply to the pons

A

AICA and basilar

45
Q

What is the main blood supply to the medulla

A

PICA (lateral)

vertebral (anterior)

Neuro Anatomy (8 decks)

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