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OB/GYN > Test #2 > Flashcards

Test #2 Flashcards

0
Q

High levels of ____ can indicate neural tube defect

A

AFP (not performed in first visit)

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1
Q

Explain Naegele’s Rule

A

LMP+7 days+1 year - 3 months

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2
Q

If AFP is too low, it may indicate what?

A

Down’s syndrome

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3
Q

What test is specifically for Down’s syndrome?

A

AFP3

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4
Q

This test is used to corroborate a NTD.

A

Ach-esterase

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5
Q

Ultrasound is most reliable at what week?

A

Week 18

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6
Q

Ultrasound can be used to check for the quantity of what?

A

Amniotic fluid

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7
Q

Amniocentesis can be used to check for what?

A 
Fetal lung maturity
Neural tube defects
Chromosomal disorders
Intrauterine infection
Meconium (discharge from fetal bowels)
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8
Q

This is a test that checks for infection.

A

Group B strep test. Tests for strep-b in vagina & rectum

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9
Q

This is a protein found on outside of RBC’s

A

Rh factor

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10
Q

Tay-Sachs disease is assoc. w/ a deficiency of what enzyme?

A

Hexosaminidase A

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11
Q

This test evaluates for Down’s, Tay Sachs, Hemophilia, but NOT neural tube defect

A

Chorionic Villi Sampling (DVS)

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12
Q

What are charac. assoc. w/ a threatened abortion?

A

Painless bloody vaginal discharge or frank vaginal bleeding
Occurs during 1st trimester
No cervical dilation
Membranes are intact

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13
Q

Expulsion of all the products of conception before 20wks gestation is called what?

A

Complete abortion

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14
Q

Expulsion months after death of embryo

A

Missed spontaneous abortion

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15
Q

Softening of the cervix is what sign?

A

Goodell’s sign

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16
Q

Softening of the anterior uterus is what sign?

A

Landin sign

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17
Q

Widening of the softened area of the isthmus is what sign?

A

Hegar’s sign

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18
Q

Fundus flexing easily on the cervix is what sign?

A

McDonald’s sign

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19
Q

Fullness & softening of the fundus near the implantation site is what sign?

A

Braun Von Fernwald’s Sign

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20
Q

Bluish discoloration of cervix, vagina, & vulvus

A

Chadwick’s sign

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21
Q

What breast changes occur during prenancy?

A 
Size increase after 2nd month
Tenderness
Venous prominence (TQ)
Enlargement & darkening of nipples & areolae (TQ)
Possible colostrum expression by 12th wk
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22
Q

What CV changes occur during pregnancy?

A

Renal (25%) & uterine blood flow (200%) increase

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23
Q

What skin changes occur during pregnancy?

A 
Linea nigra (darkening of the linea alba)
Mask of preg./cholasma - uniform or spotty darkening on face
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24
Q

What metabolic changes occur during pregnancy?

A

Basal body temp increase

Weight gain 25-30lbs

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25
Q

What NMS changes occur during pregnancy?

A

Center of gravity changes
Pelvis moves into flexion
NR pain -> sciatica

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26
Q

This is the maternal physiological changes the pt experiences or notices & may indicate to her that she is preggo

A

Presumptive s/s

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27
Q

What are presumptive s/s that may indicate preg.?

A

Colostrum secretion

Quickening (feeling of fetal movement)

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28
Q

These are presumptive signs that are observable by the care provider

A

Probable signs

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29
Q

What are Probable signs observed by the care provider?

A

Chadwick’s sign
Goodell’s sign
Ladin’s sign

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30
Q

What Positive signs are seen in preg.?

A

Fetal heart tone

Fetal ultrasound

31
Q

What trimester does morning sickness usually resolve?

A

2nd trimester

32
Q

This can be assoc. w/ preeclampsia, diabetes. Usually extends past 1st trimester

A

Hyperemesis Gravidarum (Severe morning sickness)

33
Q

What is an etiology for morning sickness?

A

Elevated hCG levels

34
Q

What is Inf. Vena Cava Syndrome?

A

Supine position allows enlarging uterus to compress IVC, which can significantly reduce venous return to heart

35
Q

Itching w/o skin changes usually on torso & arms. Most likely d/t increase in liver function & bilirubin levels

A

Pruritus Gravidarum

36
Q

This is d/t traction of the growing fetus & uterus. Unilateral or bilateral lower abdominal pain. Movements may produce groin pain.

A

Round Lig. Syndrome

37
Q

These medications have been assoc. w/ birth defects. Especially contraindicated in 1st trimester.

A

Decongestants

38
Q

These medications may bind iron in the GI tract & contribute to iron deficiency anemia

A

Laxatives & antacids

39
Q

This antibiotic is assoc. w/ CN VIII damage & hearing problems

A

Streptomycin

40
Q

This antibiotic can cause hypoplasia of tooth enamel

A

Tetracycline

41
Q

This mineral can cause an increased risk of cerebral atrophy & mental retardation

A

Mercury

42
Q

What is one charac. assoc. w/ fetal alcohol sydrome?

A

Low birth weight

43
Q

What is the greatest cause of preventable premature labor?

A

Tobacco

44
Q

This mineral helps w/ fetal lung development & helps prevent pre-eclampsia & prematurity

A

Zinc

45
Q

This vitamin helps prevent fetal brain hemorrhaging & increases clotting factor

A

Vit. K

46
Q

This nutrient helps w/ development of CNS

A

Omega 3 FA

47
Q

This is a viable ovum that is fertilized by 2 sperm

A

Partial Hydatidiform Mole

48
Q

This is an unviable, empty ovum or non-functional ovum that is fertilized by a viable sperm. Also will develop an abnormal placenta

A

Complete Hydatidiform Mole

49
Q

What is the mainstay tx for a gestational trophoblastic tumor?

A

Chemotherapy

50
Q

Placental site tumors are assoc. w/ what type of pregnancy?

A

Normal pregnancy

51
Q

This is implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterine cavity

A

Ectopic pregnancy

52
Q

Ectopic pregnancies that occur in the Fallopian tube typically occur in what part?

A

Ampulla

53
Q

How are hCG levels affected by an ectopic pregnancy?

A

They don’t rise as quickly as a normal pregn.

54
Q

Pseudocyesis is AKA?

A

False pregnancy

55
Q

This is defined as spontaneous rupture of membranes before the onset of labor at any stage of gestation

A

Premature Rupture of the Membranes

56
Q

What sign is assoc. w/ Premature Rupture of the Membranes?

A

Increase in vaginal fluid discharge when performing Valsalva Maneuver

57
Q

Premature separation of the placenta from site of uterine implantation before delivery of fetus

A

Abrutio Placenta

58
Q

Where is the common site of implantation in the uterus?

A

Anterior, inferior uterus in proximity to cervix

59
Q

Malformation of placenta in which placenta folds in on itself

A

Circumvallate Placenta

60
Q

Placenta in which the umbilical cord develops at the edge

A

Battledore Placenta

61
Q

Abnormal attachment of placenta into the superficial aspect of uterine myometrium

A

Placenta Accreta

62
Q

A layer of fibrin b/w the boundary zone of the endometrium & the placenta

A

Nitabuch’s Layer

63
Q

Placental invasion partially through the myometrium

A

Placenta Increta

64
Q

Placental invasion through to the uterine serosa

A

Placenta Percreta

65
Q

Presentation of gestational edema, proteinuria, & HTN plus grand mal seizures

A

Eclampsia

66
Q

A highly morbid variant of pre-eclampsia & eclampsia. Usually presents in multiparous females at <36 wks gestation.

A

HELLP Syndrome
Hemolysis of RBCs
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelets

67
Q

Defined as a cervix which painlessly dilates during the 2nd or 3rd trimester causing premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) contributing to premature delivery

A

Incompetent/Insufficient Cervix

68
Q

Lat. femoral cutaneous nerve compression as it passes beneath the inguinal lig.

A

Meralgia Paresthetica

69
Q

Compression of intercostal nerves

A

Intercostal neuralgia

70
Q

Compression of CN VII/Facial nerve w/i the temporal bone

A

Bell’s Palsy

71
Q

Motor & sensory deficits of L5-S1 nerve roots after labor

A

Traumatic Neuritis

72
Q

What measurements are assoc. w/ the pelvic inlet?

A

True Conjugate/Anatomic Conjugate (TQ)
Obstetric Conjugate (TQ)
Transverse diameter
L/R oblique diameter (TQ)

73
Q

What measurements are assoc. w/ the pelvic outlet?

A

Anatomic A-P diameter
Obstetric A-P diameter (TQ)
Transverse/Bituberous diameter
Pos. Sagittal diameter

74
Q

A round pelvic inlet is called what? It is ideal for delivery of fetus

A

Gynecoid

75
Q

A typical male pelvis is what shape?

A

Android (Triangular)

76
Q

A pelvis that has a short A-P diameter & wide transverse diameter, oval shaped inlet is called what?

A

Platypelloid (oval, transverse shape)

OB/GYN (3 decks)

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