Test 2 Flashcards
What is the purpose of bone?
Protection, support, hematopoesis, vitamin, minerals, anatomical landmarks
What is a spongy bone on bottom/compact hard bone on top?
Trabecular Bone
Osteoblasts makes what and breaks down what?
Makes Osteocytes and breaks down Osteoclasts
What is the ring of collagen fibers called
Osteon
Diaphysis
Hallow, yellow, compact bone its the main shaft of the bone
Flared ends, cancellous bone
Metaphysis
What are the three types of fibrous joints?
Synarthosis, syndesmosis, and gomphosis
Elbow and knee are a hinge joint because they are what?
Uniaxial flexion/extension
What type of joint is in the skull
synarthrosis
What joint is in teeth in mandible and maxilla
Gomphosis
Where is an example of diarthrosis joint (synovial joint) at?
Hip, elbow, knee
What are the joints in the wrist and MCP referred as?
Condyloid joints
What is the inner layer of a synovial joint?
Synovial membrane
The synovial membrane secretes what fluid to keep joints moving freely?
Synovial Fluid
The labrum or shoulder fibrocartilage does what?
Deepens the glenoid fossa to make a socket for humeral head
What is a board flat tendinous sheet
Aponeurosis
Bursae is what?
Fluid filled sack found around most joints to reduce friction
What plane splits the body in half?
Sagittal (flexion and extension)
Frontal plane?
Passes through side of the body. Abduction and adduction
What plane splits the body into top and bottom?
Transverse plane
Rotation occurs
Flexion / extension happens on what plane and axis
Sagittal plane and frontal axis
Abduction/ adduction
Radial/lunar deviation
Eversion/ Inversion
Frontal Plane/ Sagittal Axis
Medial-lateral rotation
Supination/ pronation
Right/Left rotation
Horizontal abduction/adduction
Transverse plane/ vertical axis
Inflammation of tendon
Tendinitis
Inflammation of tendon sheath
Tenosynovitis
Inflammation of synovial
Synovitis
Inflammation of brusa
Bursitis
Inflammation of joint capsule
Capsulitis
What is the Normal blood pressure for average adult
120/80
Pulse Oximetry
95-100% stop activity if below 90%
Rapid Breathing is called
Tachypnea
difficulty or painful breathing
Dyspnea
Endogenous originates where
within the body
Exogenous originates where
outside the body
what type of disease can be acquired in the health care facility
Nosocomial
what mode of transmission is coughing, sneezing, and talking
Droplet
Every facility is required to have what sheets for hazardous chemicals
SDS Sheet (formerly MSDS)
RACE
Race, Activate, Contain, Extinguish
what ensures that employers have a safe and healthful work environment for their employees
OSHA
what is a thin membrane that covers all the bones expect joints. It contains nerves and blood vessels
Periosteum
thinner membrane in long bones is called
Endosteum
Epiphysis is bone structure located where
Proximal and distal ends of long bone
what are different types of bones
long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
what three regions provide support for appendicular movement
vertebrae, sternum, ribs
What does the Wolff’s Law State
- bones are thickest where muscles attach
- long bones are thick in the middle of the shaft
- curved bones are thickest in areas where they are most likely to beak
- An area where trabecular bone is abundant is where mechanical forces are the greatest
what system carries impulses towards the body
Afferent System (sensory)
what system carries impulses away from body
Efferent System (motor)
Dorsal root/ ascending tracts
sensory fibers/sensory neurons
Ventral root/ descending tracts
motor fibers/ motor neurons
decision making is what lobe of the brain
frontal lobe
sensory input what lobe of the brain
Parietal Lobe
hearing, memory, speech is what lobe of the brain
Temporal Lobe
Vision is what lobe of the brain
Occipital Lobe
cerebellum does what
helps with balance, movement and body control
C1-C5
Cervical Plexus
C5-T1
Brachial Plexus
L1-L4
Lumbar Plexus
L4-S4
Sacral Plexus
Femoral Nerve
Weakened flexion at the hip, loss of extension at the knee
Obturator Nerve
Adduction of the hip
Sciatic Nerve
Leg flexion at the knee
Hamstring
Tibial Nerve
foot plantar flexion and inversion, toe flexion
what are the joint motions of the wrist
Flexion/extension
Radial and ulnar deviation
what are the joint motions of the scapula
elevation/ depression
protraction/retraction
what are the joint motions of the shoulder
flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
external/internal rotation
horizontal abduction/adduction
joint motions of the thumb CMC
opposition (combination of flexion/ abduction
What does the shoulder complex consist of
Scapula, clavicle, sternum, humerus and rib cage
