Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P2 > test 2 > Flashcards

test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Identify which side of the heart provides the pulmonary circulation

A

right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

identify which side of the heart provides the systemic circulation

A

left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

blood moving through the tricuspid valve is leaving which specific heart chamber

A

right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

blood moving through the tricuspid valves entering which specific heart chamber?

A

right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the aortic valve is opened by blood leaving which specific heart chamber

A

left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the bicuspid valve prevents blood from re-entering which specific heart chamber?

A

left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

identify the specific heart chamber that receives blood from the pulmonary veins

A

left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

identify the specific structures that deliver some interstitial fluid directly to veins

A

lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

identify the specific chamber that pushes blood into the pulmonary artery

A

right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

identify the general type of receptor that monitors PH, CO2, Ca, and K levels in blood

A

chemoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

identify the most common synonym for the left atrioventricular valve

A

mitral valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

identify specifically what is monitored by baroreceptors in the circulation

A

stretching of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

coronary arteries deliver blood directly to what specific tissue

A

myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

identify the fetal structure that connects the pulmonary artery and aorta, bypassing lungs

A

ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ateriovenous anastomoses help regulate what important characteristic of the body

A

temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

identify the fetal structure that is open between the right and left atrium, bypassing the lungs

A

foramen ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

identify the general type of heart valve whose “cords” and muscles are in the ventricles

A

atrioventricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

identify the general type of heart valve of only cusps, opening and closing by pressure

A

semilunar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

identify the adrenal medulla hormone that immediately increases cardiac output

A

Epinephrine/norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

identify the “half” of the cardiac cycle in which heart chambers are filling with blood.

A

diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

identify the “half” of the cardiac cycle in which the myocardium is actively contracting

A

systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

identify the general area of the heart (base or apex) that is closest to the diaphragm

A

apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

identify the smaller heart structures that repolarize during the QRS complex of the ECG

A

atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

identify the specific layer of the heart that forms the valves and is in contact with blood

A

endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

identify the large heart structures that depolarize during the QRS complex of the ECG

A

ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

identify the general heart structures responsible for the two normal heart sounds (Lub dub)

A

valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

identify the specific umbilical vessel (artery or vein) that delivers oxygen to the fetus

A

vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

identify the specific pre-capillary structure that regulates blood volume delivered to tissues

A

pre-capillary sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

T or F. fenestrated capillaries are present in the intestine and kidney; continuous capillaries are present in the liver and spleen as they allow large molecules and cells to exit the circulation

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

T or F. support hose or compression stalkings help reduce edema in feet/ankles because they cause arterial vasoconstriction in the legs

A

false (venous?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

T or F. because veins generally decrease in diameter as they approach the heart, an embolus from the lower leg (i.e. from a deep vein thrombus) will usually lodge in the lungs or even the heart

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

decreases blood volume and pressure

A

ANH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

increases urine volume

A

ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

directly causes vasoconstriction when activated

A

angiotensinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

produced by the adrenal cortex

A

aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

produced by the kidney

A

renin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

produced by the hypothalamus

A

ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

produced by cells in the heart

A

ANH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

precursor protein present in plasma

A

angiotensinogen

40
Q

directly increases sodium levels in blood

A

aldosterone

41
Q

increases sodium levels in urine

A

ANH

42
Q

correct spell the hormone abbreviated as ANH

A

atrial natriuretic hormone

43
Q

these vessels have valves

A

lymphatics and veins

44
Q

direction of flow is always toward the heart

A

lymphatics and veins

45
Q

direction of flow is always away from the heart

A

arteries

46
Q

vessel walls are thick due to muscle tissue

A

arteries

47
Q

fluid movement is assisted or pushed by skeletal muscles

A

lymphatics and veins

48
Q

a fluid movement is assisted or caused by blood pressure

A

arteries

49
Q

cells and molecules easily enter the vessels

A

lymphatic vessels

50
Q

list 3 distinctly different functions of the lymphatic system

A

fluid balance
immunity
fat absorption

51
Q

propels fluid out of arterial end of capillary

A

blood hydrostatic pressure

52
Q

pulls fluid into the interstitial space from the capillary

A

tissue osmotic pressure

53
Q

pulls fluid into venous end of capillary

A

blood osmotic pressure

54
Q

is synonymous with blood pressure

A

blood hydrostatic pressure

55
Q

occurs because of increased relative concentration of plasma albumin

A

blood osmotic pressure

56
Q

waste molecules such as urea in the interstitial space contribute to this pressure

A

tissue osmotic pressure

57
Q

pushes fluid into the capillary from the interstitial space

A

tissue hydrostatic pressure

58
Q

unit of measure meant for CO

A

mL/min

59
Q

unit of measure meant for HR

A

beats/min

60
Q

unit of measure meant for SV

A

mL/beat

61
Q

if CO remains the same and peripheral resistance increases, what happens to BP?

A

increase

62
Q

if HR increases and SV does not change, what happens to CO?

A

increase

63
Q

T or F. HR may increase is much that SV may decrease due to decreased filling of the chambers

A

True

64
Q

T or T. if HR decreases and SV increases, CO must remain the same (no change)

A

False

65
Q

choose from the follow list and place in correct functional order, the five structure to minimally diagram the hepatic aorta system: cardiac veins, cephalic veins, coronary capillaries, hepatic capillaries, hepatic portal vein, hepatic veins, intestinal capillaries, mesenteric veins, jugular veins, superior vena cava uterine capillaries,

A

a. intestinal capillaries
b. mesenteric veins
c. hepatic portal vein
d. hepatic capillaries
e. hepatic veins

66
Q

Briefly identify the specific benefit or advantage of the hepatic portal system to our physiology.

A

Detoxifies our blood

67
Q

BONUS: conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin requires angiotensinogen-converting enzyme or ACE. Briefly but specifically identify the pathological condition that may be successfully treated in some patients with ACE-inhibitors.

A

hypertension (high blood pressure)

68
Q

BONUS: what specifically is the RhoGam injection?

A

Rh antibodies

69
Q

What specifically does the RhoGAM injections do to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn?

A

it targets those Rh antigens and destroys/disposes of them before the mother can make antibodies against them. Since the mother won’t make these antibodies, her body may recognize it as a threat and attack baby.

70
Q

continuous capillaries

A

capillaries don’t have wholes or gaps in them. Must go through cell (brain) hard to get things in and out, heart and skeletal muscles, don’t worry about other molecules

71
Q

fenestrated capillaries

A

window, gap in cell that doesn’t impede movement, clear space that allows molecules to go through (intestines), cilliary body of eye, choroid plexus (cerebral spinal fluid), found in kidneys

72
Q

sinusoidal capillaries

A

larger, allows larger molecules to cross, basement membrane not as tight (still have spaces). Found in glands that produce hormones. Lot more molecules passing at same time

73
Q

sinusoid capillaries

A

(sinuses) big gaps, larger in volume and carry more blood and very larger molecules can pass, basement membrane missing, found in liver and spleen. Recycle RBCs

74
Q

Arteriovenous anastomoses

A

naturally occurring, artery and veins joined together, missing capillaries

75
Q

cardiac output

A

increase HR and stroke volume

76
Q

ADH

A

prevents you from becoming dehydrated, tells kidneys to reabsorb water, increase BP

77
Q

aldosterone

A

sodium, goes to kidneys to tell them to reabsorb sodium, increase BP

78
Q

renin-angiotensin system

A

stimulate kidney to produce renin if BP drops

79
Q

angiotensinogen

A

creates angiotensin, requires ACE enzyme. raises BP because of sodium, water and peripheral resistance

80
Q

atrial natriuretic hormone

A

decrease BP, excrete sodium in urine

81
Q

lymphatic capillaries

A

one way flow to heart, pick up fluid from interstitial tissues

82
Q

identify the general type of heart valve through which blood leaves the heart ventricles

A

semilunar

83
Q

identify the term for the general area of the heart in which all blood vessels enter and exit

A

base

84
Q

identify the specific vessels that deliver blood from the myocardium into the right atrium

A

cardiac veins

85
Q

identify the specific structures that connect adjacent heart muscle fibers

A

intercalated discs

86
Q

identify the portion of the cardiac cycle in which heart chambers are filling with blood

A

diastole

87
Q

fetal organ that is bypassed during ductus venosus

A

liver

88
Q

name of the fibrous sac around the heart in the mediastinum

A

pericardium

89
Q

lining of the heart

A

pericardial cavity

90
Q

chamber with thickest muscular walls

A

left ventricle

91
Q

specific plasma protein responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in blood

A

albumins

92
Q

term for the epithelial lining of capillaries and all other blood vessels

A

endothelium

93
Q

named blood “volume” in heart chambers just prior to their contraction

A

end diastolic volume

94
Q

term for stretch receptors in blood vessels that monitor BP

A

baroreceptors

95
Q

umbilical veins

A

oxygenated

96
Q

umbilical arteries

A

less oxygenated

A&P2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions