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Anatomy > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How are molecules and atoms related?

A

Atoms make up molecules

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2
Q

What are ions?

A

Charger molecules

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3
Q

What is an electrolyte and why are they important?

A

Ions made from dissociation of salts; carry electrical energy for functions

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4
Q

What does it mean when proteins become denatured? Why is this a problem?

A

Loses its shape; can’t function/do it’s job

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5
Q

What are enzymes and how do they work? Include substrates, active site, and product

A

Enzymes speed up reactions in the active site to change substrates into products

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6
Q

What is enzyme specificity?

A

When an enzyme has a specific shape to fit with substrate?

🔓-enzyme & 🔑 - substrate

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7
Q

What type of macromolecule does

“-saccharide” refer to?

A

Sugars (carbs)

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8
Q

What are examples of mono? (Saccharide)

A

1 sugar/ glucose, fructose, & galactose

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9
Q

What are examples of di? (Saccharide)

A

Di- 2 sugars/ lactose, sucrose

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10
Q

What are examples of poly? (Saccharide)

A

Many sugars/cellulose, starch, glycogen

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11
Q

What are the different subtypes of polysaccharides- give examples of each

A

Glycogen-sugar
Starches-carbs
Cellulose-fiber

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12
Q

What is gluten?

A

Protein in food

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13
Q

Why might some NEED to be gluten free?

A

They can’t digest gluten properly

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14
Q

What things do all 3 macromolecules have in common?

A

C,H,O atoms
Found in food we eat
Organic-carbon based

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15
Q

What are the general features of proteins ?

A

Acts as catalysts build up structures in body

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16
Q

What are the general features of carbohydrates?

A

Used for quick energy source; fuel reactions

17
Q

What are the general features of lipids?

A

Help with vitamin absorption & energy storage

18
Q

Building blocks of proteins

A

Amino acids

19
Q

Building blocks of cabs

A

Glucose fructose galactose

20
Q

Building block lipids

A

Fatty acids + glycerol

21
Q

Major groups/types of proteins

A

Enzymes, substrates, products

22
Q

Major groups:types carbs

A

Monosaccharides
Polysaccharide
Disaccharide

23
Q

Major groups/types lipids

A

Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids

24
Q

Proteins used for what

A

Building muscle, transporting, speed up reactions

25
Q

Carbs used for what

A

Plant cell walls, carb storage, made by plants

26
Q

Lipids used for what

A

Sex hormones, store energy, cell membrane

27
Q

pH ?

A

Acid 0-7

Base 7-14

Anatomy (6 decks)

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