Test 2 Flashcards
The Fluid-Mosaic Model helps to explain how a cell maintains
homeostasis.
Cell membranes are composed of
Phospholipids and protein.
The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is:
Diffusion
The movement of water molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is:
Osmosis
Why is it dangerous to put blood cells in a hypotonic solution?
The cells may explode
Endocytosis is responsible for removal of items from the cell?
False.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an animal plasma membrane?
Responsible for the synthesis of ATP.
A combines with a substance and helps to move it across the membrane.
carrier protein.
Which of the following conditions does NOT apply to facilitated transport?
Requires the expenditure of energy.
Which process will transport sodium ions to the outside of the cell and potassium ions to the inside of the cell?
Active transport.
Large amoeboid-type cells remove viruses and worn-out red blood cells by a process called
Phagocytosis.
The process that requires a vesicle to fuse with the membrane, thereupon discharging its contents, is called
exocytosis.
Because certain substances can move across the membrane while others cannot, the plasma membrane is considered
selectively permeable.
Which of the following connect plasma membranes between adjacent cells together, producing a zipper-like fastening?
Tight junctions.
Enzymes do what to the process of sugar in your cupboard breaking down into carbon dioxide and water?
Speed up.
Enzymes can be found in
Saliva.
What is ATP?
Our genetic currency.
Which of the following is a site of ATP synthesis?
Mitochondria.
A factor that affects enzyme activity is:
Temperature, PH, substrate concentration.
A function of ATP is:
Mechanical work, transport work, chemical work.
Energy can be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy.
False.
Which of the following organisms do NOT carry on photosynthesis?
Animals.
The correct description of the relationship between photosynthesis and the living world is
all heterotrophs are ultimately dependent upon food produced by autotrophs.
The electromagnetic spectrum contains
only visible wavelengths of light, from violet to red.
On the visible spectrum, energy content of light is greatest for
Violet.
As leaves lose their color in the fall, carotenoids are the pigments that account for fall color.
True.
The membranous system of flattened sacs within the stroma are
Thylakoids.
Which type of reactions begin after the thylakoids absorb solar energy?
Light reactions
Which of the following molecules is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis and used in the Calvin cycle reactions?
NADPH and ATP
NADPH and ATP are used in the
light reactions of photosynthesis.
In which photosynthetic reaction is carbon dioxide reduced to form a carbohydrate?
Light.
Thylakoids and grana are found within organelles called
Chloroplasts.
The ability of plants, algae, and a few kinds of bacteria to make their own food in the presence of sunlight is called
Photosynthesis.
What moves electrons from carrier to carrier, and energy is released and stored for ATP production.
Electron transport chain.
Which molecule represents the end product of the Calvin cycle?
G3P
Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
During the daylight hours, the rate of photosynthesis is less than the rate of aerobic cellular respiration, resulting in a net decrease of glucose.
Small openings found on a leaf that allow carbon dioxide to enter are called?
Stomata.
Which of the following molecules will diffuse out of the cell, enter the bloodstream, and be released from the lungs during aerobic cellular respiration?
Cardon dioxide.
Which pathway for aerobic cellular respiration is located in the cytoplasm of the cell?
Glycolysis.
During aerobic cellular respiration, which molecule originates from the digestive system?
Glucose.
Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding aerobic cellular respiration?
Cells are able to utilize all the energy from glucose when released in one burst.
Pyruvate is the end product of the
Glycolysis reactions.
Glycolysis can be used in both aerobic cellular respiration and fermentation.
True.
Which of the following statements about the preparatory reaction is NOT correct?
It links glycolysis to the citric acid cycle.
Which of the following pathways will result in carbon dioxide and NADH being released but not ATP?
Preparatory reaction.
- Which pathway will result in the production of four carbon dioxide molecules, two ATP molecules, NADH and FADH2?
Citric acid cycle.
Which of the following molecules is NOT formed as a result of the citric acid cycle during aerobic cellular respiration?
Water.
Which molecule will combine with the four-carbon oxaloacetate in the citric acid cycle to form the six-carbon citrate?
Acetyl-CoA
Which molecule is the final acceptor of electrons at the end of the electron transport system in aerobic cellular respiration?
Oxygen.
Which of the following overall equations represents aerobic cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 —–> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy.
In glycolysis, glucose is converted to
Pyruvate.
The NET result of a single glycolysis run is the formation of
2 NADH and 2 ATP.
Under anaerobic conditions, the end-product of glycolysis is converted to
Lactic acid.
During glycolysis, a 6-carbon sugar diphosphate molecule is split into two 3-carbon sugar phosphate molecules.
True.
Before entering the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is converted to
Acetyl-CoA
A single “turn” of the Krebs cycle will yield
1 ATP, 3 NADH and 1 FADH2
The initial reaction of the Krebs cycle involves
involves the addition of a 2-carbon molecule to a 4-carbon molecule.
During aerobic respiration, the last carrier protein transfers a pair of electrons to
oxygen.
The function of the enzyme ATP synthase is to
accept a proton from inside the cell membrane as it accepts electrons.
