Test 1 Flashcards
What is the smallest unit that has all characteristics of life?
The cell.
- Which sequence correctly lists the different levels of biological organization, from the smallest and simplest to the largest and most complex?
cells-tissues-organs-organ systems-organism
- Which sequence of classification categories is in the proper order from least to most inclusive?
species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain
What kingdom does corn belong to?
Kingdom Plantae
What are the 3 major domains of life?
Archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes.
- A multicellular, photosynthetic organism with complex, specialized cells and tissues would most likely be assigned to
Kingdom Plantae.
- All the organisms of various species living within a given area constitute a
Community.
- A possible explanation for a natural event, based on observations and past knowledge, is a
Hypothesis.
- Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?
A control group is always exposed to the factor being tested.
- Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?
observation, hypothesis, experiment, data collection, conclusion.
- Which statement about living organisms is not correct?
Living organisms create energy.
- The body temperature in humans is maintained around 37°C. Which characteristic of life does this information represent?
Living things are homeostatic.
Which of the following is one of the domains of life?
Eukarya.
Which classification category includes the most species?
Kingdom.
Which statement is false regarding science?
Correct scientific conclusions are permanent and never subject to change or refinement.
Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?
Original hypotheses are formed after an experiment.
Which statement regarding the scientific method is false?
Theories formed in everyday life carry the same validity as a scientific theory.
When researchers test a new human cancer drug using mice, the mice constitute
the model.
Which of the following domains contains organisms that are adapted to life in harsh environments?
Domain Archaea.
Which domains contain organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus?
Archaea and bacteria.
You have discovered a previously unknown organism. It is multicellular, with a filamentous form, and absorbs food from its environment. Upon microscopic examination, you see that the cells have nuclei. How would you classify this organism?
Kingdom funghi.
You are conducting an experiment to determine which brand of fertilizer results in the greatest amount of fruit production by tomato plants. In this example, the response variable would be
the amount of fruit produced by the tomato plants.
You are conducting an experiment to determine what concentration of disinfectant is most effective in killing bacteria. In this example, the concentration of disinfectant would represent
the experimental variable.
The smallest unit of matter that can enter into chemical reactions and is nondivisible by chemical means is called a(an)
Atom.
Which of the following is a subatomic particle of an atom?
Electrons, protons and neutrons.
The atomic mass of an atom is equal to
the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
Which of the following statements is true?
Electrons have a negative charge and equal the number of protons.
What determines whether or not an atom reacts with other atoms?
the number of electrons in the outer shell.
The carbon atom has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic mass of 12. Therefore, a carbon atom has
6 protons.
______ are atoms that have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.
isotopes.
Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. When chlorine becomes the chloride ion, its charge is
Negative one.
Chlorine has an atomic number of 17. How many electrons are in the outermost shell?
7
The sodium atom has an atomic number of 11. Therefore, there are two electrons in the outermost orbit.
False.
The molecule, K+Cl-, is held together by
Ionic bonds
- If an atom either gains or loses an electron, the atom is called a(an)
Ion.
- Atoms react with one another in order to achieve four electrons in their outer shell.
False.
Which type of bond will share electrons between atoms?
Covalent.
- An individual water molecule is held together by
Covalent bonds.
Many water molecules are weakly held together by
Hydrogen bonds.
The fundamental unit of life is the
Cell.
The cell theory states that all living things are composed of atoms.
True.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Cell walls are found inside the plasma membrane of a cell.
The ______ membrane separates the contents of the cell from the surrounding environment.
Plasma.
The information center of the cell is the
Nucleus.
______ is/are the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Which type of organelle forms a membranous system of channels, which is continuous with the nuclear envelope and branches throughout the cytoplasm?
Endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the correct organelle sequence for the export of material out of a cell?
rough ER –> smooth ER –> Golgi apparatus.
The ______ function(s) in the packaging, storage, and distribution of molecules produced by the ER.
Golgi apparatus.
Which plant organelles function as storage areas for water, sugars, salts, pigments, and toxic substances?
Vacuoles.
Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules?
Lysosomes.
Which organelle is used when the fingers of a human embryo are at first webbed but later freed from one another?
Lysosome.
Vacuoles are more prominent in plant cells than in animal cells.
True.
Study this reaction: energy + carbon dioxide + water —-> carbohydrate + oxygen. This chemical transformation is called
Photosynthesis.
Study this reaction: carbohydrate + oxygen —-> carbon dioxide + water + energy. This chemical transformation is called
Cellular respiration.
Which organelle is responsible for this chemical transformation: energy + carbon dioxide + water —-> carbohydrate + oxygen?
Chloroplast.
Which organelle is responsible for the process of photosynthesis?
Chloroplast.
Which organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell because of its role in cellular respiration?
Mitochondria.
