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Science > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Relative Humidity?

A

The ratio of the amount of water vapor compared to what the air can actually hold

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2
Q

What is Dew point?

A

Temperature at which water vapor will go to water

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3
Q

What is Sea Breeze?

A

A coastal wind which occurs in the daytime; wind comes from the sea

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4
Q

What is a Land Breeze?

A

A coastal wind which occurs at night,

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5
Q

What is a Vortex?

A

A whirling mass of water, air(wind), debris, or fire; usually associated with power, force, or a storm of some nature. {plural = vortexes, or vortices}

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6
Q

What is a tornado?

A

Must lift up off the ground, against gravity; and must come in from different directions.

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7
Q

What are Global Winds?

A

World wide winds that cover entire latitudes

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8
Q

First type of Global Wind Patterns

A

Polar Easterlies-Winds at polar latitudes; 60* to 90*; generally blow from the east

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9
Q

2nd Major Global Wind Patterns

A

Prevailing Westerlies- winds in the middle latitudes; 30* to 60* ; where contiguous USA is located; generally blow from the west

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10
Q

3rd Major Global Wind Pattern

A

Trade Winds-winds located at the tropics; 0* to 30*; generally blow from the east

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11
Q

What is Solar Radiation?

A

Solar Radiation are rays from the sun

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12
Q

What is temperature?

A

Indication, by molecular movement, of the amount of thermal energy in a substance

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13
Q

What is conduction?

A

Particle to particle molecule to molecular

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14
Q

What is Convection?

A

Heat/Thermal energy travels by fluid— driven by temperature differences

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15
Q

What is heat?

A

Thermal energy— moves due to differences

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16
Q

What is a molecule

A

Distinguished from ions by their lack of electrical charge

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17
Q

First type of Air Mass

A

Originates over polar, continental region; Canada.

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18
Q

Second type of air mass

A

Cold & Moist: orginates over polar Oceanic regions; North Pacific and Atlantic

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19
Q

Third type of air mass

A

Warm & Dry: orginates over tropical, continental regions; Mexico, Arizona, and New Mexico

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20
Q

Fourth type of air mass

A

Warm & Moist: originates over tropical, oceanic regions; Gulf of Mexico

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21
Q

How is a thermal belt produced?

A

The cold tube air at surface gets very cold leaving a warming layer

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22
Q

What is happening to the two tubes as they relate to the cool water and the warm land?

A

The warm and cold air went in a similar motion as the Sea breeze

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23
Q

What are the two general causes of global wind patters?

A

Speed and convection

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24
Q

How did the smoke move into the different tubes?

A

An air mass has the same temperature and moisture content throughout the tubes. Once formed, your masses can move and carry their weather conditions to another area.

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25
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

large and sudden release of energy which causes vibrating & shaking of the earth;
­occurs 90% of time along large cracks in the earth’s outer layer­­- crust

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26
Q

What is a seismograph?

A

Seismographs can pick up earthquake waves from around the world because earthquake waves travel through the earth and move in different directions.

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27
Q

What is a seismogram?

A

Seismographs measure the vibrations produced by an earthquake

28
Q

What is an epicenter?

A

The epicenter of an earthquake is the earthquakes focus.

29
Q

What is a fault?

A

Playes slide past each other

30
Q

What is the crust?

A

­divided into 2 types:
a) oceanic b) continental
­discovered in 1909

31
Q

What is the Mantle?

A

Heated Dense rock that moves up and down is in the lithosphere

32
Q

Outer Core

A

Liquid inside of the mantle

33
Q

Inner core

A

An iron and nickel solid in the middle of the earth

34
Q

Oceanic crust

A

3 to 6 miles thick. 1st layer of earth underneath the ocean

35
Q

Continental Crust

A

1st layer of earth underneath land. 3 to 6 miles thick

36
Q

Lithosphere

A

Crust and upper most solid mantle

37
Q

Asthenosphere

A

Hot, moves

38
Q

Plate tectonics

A
  1. Convergent Plate Boundary
  2. Divergent Plate Boundary
  3. Transform Plate Boundary
39
Q

Convergent Plate Boundary

A
  1. Subduction
  2. Uplifting
  3. Trench Building
40
Q

Divergent plate boundary

A

Mid Atlantic Ridge which is new rock coming in that creates a double ridge

41
Q

Transform plate boundary

A

San Andreas Fault in California. Plates slide past

each other; picture on pg. 183

42
Q

Basalt

A

Oceanic rock

43
Q

Granite

A

Continental crust

44
Q

Moho Line

A

Boundary line between the cross and the mantal

45
Q

Subduction

A

Ocean crust that is driven into the continental crust because the hotness goes under it, pushing it.

46
Q

Uplifting

A

­­Continental plates
slamming into each other; makes mountains.
Himalayan Mountains­­ and Mt. Everest.

47
Q

Trench building

A

Oceanic crust

going into each other.

48
Q

Ridge

A

­­­An undersea geological landform where

four major plates diverge

49
Q

Rift

A

Lithosphere is being pulled apart

50
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

Vibrations in the earth caused by the sudden release of energy usually as a result of the movement of rock along the fault.

51
Q

What is a seismograph?

A

An instrument that detects, recordes and measures the vibrations produced by an earthquake

52
Q

What is a seismograph?

A

The recird made a seismograph; the paper on which earthquake waves are recorded

53
Q

What is the epicenter?

A

The area directly above the surface

54
Q

What is a fault?

A

Plates sliding past each other

55
Q

What is a focus?

A

Where the earthquake starts

56
Q

What is an aftershock?

A

Smaller earthquake that occurs after the larger earthquake

57
Q

What is magnitude?

A

A measure of the total amount of energy released at the source (focus) of an earthquake.

58
Q

Intensity

A

A measure of the kind of damage done in an earthquake

59
Q

Body waves

A

An earthquake wave that travels through the body the earth rather than the surface

60
Q

Surface Waves

A

An earthquake wave that travels on or near the surface of the earth

61
Q

P-waves

A

Primary (compressional) earthquake wave that travels through body of the earth; so named because it is the first wave to reach a seismograph station during an earthquake.

62
Q

S-waves

A

Slower wave, arrives after P-wave; moves perpendicular to the direction of the wave

63
Q

Plates

A

Plate tectonics

64
Q

What is the “Ring of Fire”?

A

Consist of a chain of earthquakes and volcanoes around the edges of the Pacific Ocean.

65
Q

Why did the Charleston SC have an earthquake?

A

There was a fault line nearby, and the earthquake just happened to be near charlston

Science (9 decks)

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