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Phys Dys > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The rehabilitation FOR focuses on what 2 things?

A

Compensation, adaptation

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2
Q

Intervention approach is integrated with __________ and ____________

A

Theory, evidence

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3
Q

4 steps in the OT intervention plan

A
  1. Develop the plan
  2. Consider potential discharge needs
  3. Select outcome measures
  4. Make recommendations or referral to others as needed
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4
Q

Intervention approaches

A

Create/promote, establish/restore, maintain, modify, prevent

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5
Q

Types of OT interventions

A

Occupations and activities, preparatory methods and tasks, education and training, advocacy, group intervention

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6
Q

What may be observed during the intervention session, unknown if it will be replicated by client/family in number of contexts

A

Performance

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7
Q

The result of processes associated with practice or experience that leads to relatively permanent changes

A

Learning

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8
Q

Learning is inextricably linked to _____, specifically the encoding and retrieval of information

A

Memory

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9
Q

Best therapeutic use of context

A

Real-life contexts, varied contexts

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10
Q

Best use of feedback for retention?

A

summary feedback, faded feedback

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11
Q

Best client learning for practice?

A

Focus on tasks, random practice, whole tasks

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12
Q

4 stages of client change

A

Contemplation, determination, action, maintenance

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13
Q

4 stages of therapist behavior during the client stages of change

A

Verbal strategy, verbal strategy, action strategy, action strategy

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14
Q

How will you know if your client has successfully learned a new skill?

A

Transfer skill across contexts

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15
Q

The process of setting up, arranging, and bringing food or fluid to the mouth

A

Feeding

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16
Q

The ability to keep and manipulate food or fluid in the mouth and swallow it

A

Eating

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17
Q

Eating is often used interchangeably with what?:

A

Swallowing

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18
Q

5 phases of feeding and eating

A

Pre-oral phase, oral-preparatory phase, oral phase, pharyngeal phase, esophogeal phase

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19
Q

Necessary motor skills in feeding/eating

A

posture, mobility, coordination, strength, effort, energy

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20
Q

What process performance skills are necessary for feeding and eating?

A 
Energy- paces, attends
Knowledge- Uses, handles, chooses
Temporal organization- initiates
Organizing space and objects
Adaptation
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21
Q

Contextual factors

A

Cultural, physical, social, personal, spiritual, temporal, virtual

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22
Q

Client factors/body function categories

A

Mental, sensory, neuromusculoskeletal, cardio-respiratory

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23
Q

Phase 1 of cardiac rehab

A

Inpatient cardiac rehab

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24
Q

Phase 2 of cardiac rehab

A

outpatient cardiac rehab

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25
Q

Phase 3 of cardiac rehab

A

Community based cardiac rehab

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26
Q

Goal of community-based cardiac rehab

A

Continue education and support within a community setting

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27
Q

Symptoms of activity/exercise intolerance

A

chest/arm pain, excessive fatigue, SOB, lightheaded/dizzy, nausea and vomiting, unusual weight gain

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28
Q

Core concept of CBT

A

Thinking and feeling influences behavior

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29
Q

Behavioral strategies for behavioral change

A

Activity scheduling, social skills, assertiveness, graded tasks, behavioral rehearsal, role modeling

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30
Q

Behavioral strategies for cognitive change

A

Behavioral experiments, role playing, role reversal, educational techniques

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31
Q

Cognitive and behavioral strategies

A

Coping skills training, assertiveness training, stress management skills, time management skills, anger management skills, conflict management, energy conservation, managing pain

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32
Q

Primarily cognitive strategies for building knowledge

A

Reading, films and visuals, educational modules, educational groups, worksheets/homework

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33
Q

Cognitive strategies for problem solving

A

Brainstorming, cost-benefit analysis, role playing, coaching, co-op

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34
Q

Cognitive strategies for changing thinking

A

Testing cognition, thought stopping, identifying distortions or thinking errors, mental imagery techniques, socratic questioning

35
Q

complete and permanent loss of ability to send sensory and motor nerve impulses and, therefore, complete and usually permanent loss of function below the level of the injury

A

Complete SCI

36
Q

partial damage to the spinal cord, some motor and sensory function may remain

A

Incomplete SCI

37
Q

Inflammation and stiffness of the joints

A

Arthritis

38
Q

Joint specific
“Wear-and-tear” arthritis
Degenerative joint disease
Affects weight-bearing joints (hands, knees, feet, hips, spine)

A

Osteoarthritis

39
Q

Causes of OA

A

Hereditary
Lifestyle
Obesity
Overuse of joints

40
Q

OA symptoms

A

Acute or insidious pain
Crepitus
Night pain

41
Q

Process of destruction in OA

A

Breakdown of articular cartilage in joints
Synovial fluid enters the cracks, causing them to widen
Bone is left exposed/unprotected
New bone and cysts form, causing osteophytes

42
Q 
Systemic (autoimmune)
Chronic
Inflammatory 
Slow onset
Any joint can be affected- knee is most common, followed by hand and hip
A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

43
Q

1 episode ending within 2-5 years; not recurring (20% of cases) arthritis

A

Monocyclic

44
Q

Fluctuating disease activity; can last many years (75% of cases) arthritis

A

Polycyclic

45
Q

Rapid increase in severity; unremitting (5% of cases) arthritis

A

Progressive

46
Q

RA symptoms

A

Pain and swelling, general inflammation
Early morning stiffness
Fatigue
Malaise

47
Q

a general feeling of discomfort, illness, or uneasiness whose exact cause is difficult to identify

A

Malaise

48
Q

RA causes

A

Hereditary
Hormonal
Environment
Lifestyle

49
Q

RA process

A

Body attacks the joints causing inflammation, which causes the tissues that line the joints to thicken, resulting in swelling and pain in and around the joints.

Causes cartilage loss, lessening of joint space, instability of joints, loss of mobility.
Joint deformity can occur.

50
Q

lubricates joints and helps them stay smooth

A

Synovium

51
Q

Guillain-Barre Symptoms

A

Tingling sensation in fingers and toes; weakness in legs that spreads to the upper body; aching or cramp-like pain in muscles; difficulty with bowel and bladder control; unsteady gait; difficulty breathing; increased heart rate; overall muscle weakness/paralysis

52
Q

Parkinson’s symptoms

A

Tremors or shaking in the hands; slowed body movements; unstable posture; muscle rigidity; changes in speech; trouble with balance; memory problems

53
Q

ALS symptoms

A

Trouble walking (tripping, falling); lower extremity and hand weakness; slurred speech, muscle cramps/twitching; trouble holding head up

54
Q

MS symptoms

A

Fatigue; numbness in arms, legs, face, and body; difficulty walking; muscle spasms; muscle weakness; blurry vision; dizziness; bowel/bladder incontinence; sexual dysfunction; changes in cognition

55
Q

COPD precautions

A

Heavy lifting or pushing; chores such as shoveling, mowing, or raking; pushups, sit-ups, or isometric exercises, which involve pushing against immovable objects; outdoor exercises when the weather is very cold, hot, or humid; walking up steep hills; if you are short of breath during any activity or have increased fatigue, slow down your activity level or rest; keep your feet raised or elevated when resting.

56
Q

Open heart surgery precautions

A

Protect breastbone after surgery; do not lift more than 5-8 pounds; do not push or pull with your arms; do not reach behind your back or reach both arms out to the side; do not reach both arms overhead

57
Q

Causes complete and permanent loss of ability to send sensory and motor nerve impulses, complete and usually permanent loss of function below injury

A

Complete SCI

58
Q

Partial damage to SC, some motor and sensory function remains

A

Incomplete injury

59
Q

Tetraplegia replaces what term?

A

Quadraplegia

60
Q

Results in functional impairment in the arms, legs, trunk, and pelvic organs

A

Tetraplegia

61
Q

Motor and sensory impairment at the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral segments of the cord

A

Paraplegia

62
Q

An area of the skin supplied by nerves from a single spinal root

A

Dermatome

63
Q

Each of the muscle blocks along either side of the spine in vertebrates, gives rise to skeletal muscles

A

Myotome

64
Q

Diagnoses by physician according to motor and sensory level

A

Neurological level

65
Q

Refers to the level of greatest vertebral damage

A

skeletal level

66
Q

Refers to lowest segment at which strength of 3+/5 on MMT and sensation is intact

A

Functional level

67
Q

The most common form of cervical spinal cord injury. It is characterized by loss of motion and sensation in arms and hands. It usually results from trauma which causes damage to the neck, leading to major injury to the central grey matter of the spinal cord.

A

central cord syndrome

68
Q

caused by damage to one half of the spinal cord, resulting in paralysis and loss of proprioception on the same (or ipsilateral) side

A

Brown-sequard syndrome

69
Q

medical condition where the anterior spinal artery, the primary blood supply to the anterior portion of the spinal cord, is interrupted, causing ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord

A

Anterior cord syndrome

70
Q

symptoms that occur when the nerves in the conus medullaris malfunction. The malfunction is caused by a structure (e.g. hematoma, tumor, etc.) that places pressure on the conus medullaris. The conus medullaris is the end of the spinal cord, which is located in the lower back.

A

Conus Medullaris Syndrome

71
Q

Symptoms include low back pain, numbness and/or tingling in the buttocks and lower extremities (sciatica), weakness in the legs, and incontinence of bladder and/or bowels.

A

Cuada equina syndrome

72
Q

syndrome in which there is a sudden onset of excessively high blood pressure. It is more common in people with spinal cord injuries that involve the thoracic nerves of the spine or above (T6 or above).

A

Autonomic dysreflexia

73
Q

occurs when a person’s blood pressure falls when suddenly standing up from a lying or sitting position.

A

Orthostatic hypotension

74
Q

Occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) forms in one or more of the deep veins in your body, usually in your legs.

A

Deep vein thrombosis

75
Q

Presence of bone in soft tissue where bone normally does not exist.

A

Heterotopic Ossification

76
Q

Difficulty with swallowing at any stage or the inability to swallow

A

Dysphagia

77
Q

Conditions that could result in dysphagia

A

CVA, TBI, brain tumor, anoxia, Guillian-Barre syndrome, huntington’s disease, alzheimer’s disease, MS, ALS, parkinson’s disease, myasthenia gravis, quadraplegia

78
Q

Stages of swallowing

A

Preoral/anticipatory, oral preaparatory, oral, pharyngeal, esophogeal

79
Q

Psychological, social, and environmental factors involved in eating

A

Preoral/anticipatory

80
Q

Food is chewed by teeth and manipulated by lips, cheek, and tongue to form a bolus

A

Oral preparatory

81
Q

Voluntary stage of swallowing requiring alertness

A

Oral stage

82
Q

Involuntary stage of swallowing that begins when a bolus passes into the pharynx

A

Phrayngeal

83
Q

Stage of swallowing that starts when the bolus enters the esophagus

A

Esophogeal

Phys Dys (4 decks)

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