Final Flashcards
The general term that reflects the mental enterprises related to absorbing information, thinking, and goal-direction action
Cognition
A systematic functionally oriented service of therapeutic cognitive activities based on an assessment and understanding of the person’s brain-behavior deficits for the overall goals of generalizing to promote improvement in daily life
Cognitive rehabilitation
Knowledge about one’s own cognitive processes, has been described as cognition about cognition and knowing about knowing, self-awareness of one’s own strengths and weaknesses
Metacognition
Being awake, not in a stuporous state, refers to readiness of the CNS to receive information
Alertness
Information entering the system by one or more primary systems
Sensory register
The mental process by which information is recognized, labeled, and understood by means of intact visual and language systems, required fir LTM and STM
Encoding
The mental process of recall or “pulling” information from memory either by recognition or independently recalling from storage or long-term memory
Retrieval
Maintenance of information presented a brief period prior to recall or recognition; usually with no intervening distractors
STM
Storage and retrieval through recall/recognition of information “some time” after initial presentation
LTM
The ability to understand self and the relationship to the past and present environment. Traditionally involves awareness in 4 spheres: person, place, time, and circumstance. May be negatively affected by disturbances in attention and/or memory
Orientation
A pervasive attentional deficit leading to disorientation
Confusion
The period following the comatype stage that is characterized by the inability to store/recall information on a day to day or minute to minute basis
Post-traumatic amnesia (PTA)
In the period of PTA, refers ro the loss of information or recall of experiences acquired after the injury
Anterograde memory loss
Inability to recall information stored prior to the injury, including orientation to person and other autobiographical information, considered a sign of diffuse and/or severe involvement
Retrograde amnesia
Incorrect verbal responses to orientation questions, may be bizarre or plausible but incorrect
Confabulation
Top 5 causes of TBI in order
Falls, other/unknown, struck by/against, motor vehicle, assaults
TBI peak ages
Very young children (0-4), adolescents and young adults (15-19), older adults (75+)
Frontal lobe functions
Executive functioning, initiation, termination, motor and visual involvement
TBI that occurs when an object, such as a bullet, backed by a strong force fractures the sill and meninges, damaging brain tissue and surrounding membranes
Meninges and skull fracture
Open TBI
TBI that occurs when brain tissue impacts the inside of the skull
Closed TBI
TBI symptoms resulting immediately from initial trauma
Primary TBI
TBI symptoms that are changes evolving over a period of time (hours to days) after the initial injury
Secondary TBI
Mild jostling of the brain, results in headaches, fatigues, and trouble with attention
Most common TBI, caused when the brain receives trauma from an impact or sudden momentum or movement change
Concussion
A region of injured brain tissue or skin in which blood capillaries have been ruptured, causing a bruise and increase in intracranial pressure
Contussion