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Music 111 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Characteristics of classical period

A

Texture- homophonic
Dynamics- complex, piano replaced harpsichord
Melody- tunable, pleasant
end of basso continuo
Contrast of mood
Rhythm- metrical patter w/ few fluctuations

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2
Q

Why was classical period known as Age of Enlightenment/Reason

A

Reason and logic are the way if truth
Intellect should control emotions
universe governed by permanent law

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3
Q

How did “Age of Reason” affect music in classical period

A

Music followed expected practices
Melodies were pleasant
Rhythm was steady and pleasant (except for recitatives and cadenzas)

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4
Q

Classical orchestra

A

Larger than baroque orchestra

About 50-60 musicians

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5
Q

What instruments are paired in classical orchestra

A

Flute and oboe
Clarinet and horns
Woodwind in pairs

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6
Q

Patronage system in classical period

A

Haydn was very successful in patronage system
Mozart rebelled against patronage system, failed to be financially secure
Beethoven depended heavily on patronage system for finances, allowing him to continue living and working in Vienna

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7
Q

Sonata Allegro (Sonata Form)

A

Exposition: theme 1 -bridge- theme 2 :|| (repeat)
Development: unstable combo of theme 1 + 2
Recapitulation: theme 1 - theme 2 - coda (resolve)

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8
Q

Theme and variation

A

A, A1, A2, A3, etc…

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9
Q

Minuet and Trio

A

A B A

a:|| ba:|| c:||dc:|| aba’

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10
Q

Rondo (Rondo-Allegro)

A

A B A C A B A

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11
Q

Classical concerto

A

Work for solo instrument and orchestra

3 movements

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12
Q

Joseph Haydn - Father of the symphony

A

Composed 106 symphonies

Employed by Esterházy family

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13
Q

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart last work

A

Requiem Mass in D Minor

Completed by Joseph Von Eybler and Franz Xaver Süssmayr to commemorate Franz Von walsegg’s wife’s death

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14
Q

Librettist of Mozart’s Don Giovanni, Le Nozze de Figaro and Cosi fan tutti

A

Lorenza Da Ponte

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15
Q

Who is the main character of Don Giovanni associated with

A

Don Juan

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16
Q

Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert

A

Transitional composers into romantic period

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17
Q

What was different about Beethoven’s 9th symphony

A

First example of major composer using voices in a symphony

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18
Q

Characteristics of romanticism

A

Greater range in tone color, dynamics and use of chromaticism
Colorful harmony, expanded range of dynamics pitch and tempo
Song-like lyrical melodies
texture- homophonic
Emotional, nature, fantasy, adventure

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19
Q

Nationalism in music

A

Creating music with specific national identity using folk songs, dances, legends and history from that country

20
Q

Exoticism in music

A

Setting the opera or work in an exotic unfamiliar place/country

21
Q

Romantic period orchestra size

A

About 100 people

22
Q

Program music

A

Concert overture:1 movement orchestral work, not in opera/oratorio
Incidental music: played in dead part of play/opera (set change)
Tone poem: poetic idea sets mood in music, 1 long movement
Program symphony: same as tone poem with several movements

23
Q

Strophic form

A

Same melody with varying lyrics for each stanza

24
Q

Through composed

A

Music written all the way through with no repeating parts

25
Q

Song cycle

A

Group or cycle of individually complete songs designed to be performed in a sequence

26
Q

What is an art song

A

Song written to be sung in recital, typically with piano accompaniment and often set to a poem

27
Q

How many art songs did Schubert compose

A

600

28
Q

Prose vs music

A

Prose came first, music written to compliment poem or text

29
Q

Frédéric Chopin - The poet of the piano

A

Understood piano better than anyone, he could make it sound poetic and romantic

30
Q

George sand

A

Frédéric Chopin’s wife

31
Q

Etude

A

Study

32
Q

Nocturne

A

Night piece

33
Q

Mendelssohn - midsummer nights dream

A

Music for Shakespeare

34
Q

Bedrich Smetana, Antonin Dvorak - Ma Vlast, symphony No. 9 New World

A

Examples of nationalism

35
Q

Johannes Brahms - German Requiem significance

A

The inspiration for the piece is unknown

36
Q

Berlioz symphonie fanfastique inspiration

A

He was in love with actress Harriet smithson

37
Q

Idée fixe

A

Recurring melodic fragment

38
Q

Richard Strauss

A

Known for tone poems, specifically Don Juan

39
Q

Bel canto singing style

A

Beautiful singing

40
Q

Composers of bel canto

A

Donizetti, Bellini, Rossini, Verdi

41
Q

ABC’s of popular operas

A

Aida, La Boheme, Carmen

42
Q

Exoticism in opera

A

Carmen- Spain
Madama Butterfly- Japan
Turandot- China

43
Q

Ring of the Nibelung- how many operas

A

Four operas

44
Q

Gesamtkuntwerk

A

Total art work, endless melody

45
Q

Who wrote Richard Wagner’s Librettos

A

He wrote his own librettos

46
Q

Leitmotif

A

Recurrent theme throughout music composition, associated with particular person idea or situation

47
Q

Center of music during classical period

A

Vienna, Austria

Music 111 (3 decks)

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