Test 2 Flashcards
Name: Figurine of a woman from Syros
Period: Cycladic
Significance: mostly women, painted with eyes, triangular, found in graves, not much known about figures
Name: Male lyre player from Keros
Period: Cycladic
Significance: might be part of a funerary ritual, highly stylized
Name: Marine Style octopus jar
Period: Middle Minoan
Significance: form influences the content, octopus engulfs the roundness, very informal and relaxed, reflects the life of Cretans near the ocean
Name: Harvester’s vase
Period: Middle Minoan
Significance: singing, interest in anatomy/ ribcage showing, rattle - sistrum (Egyptian) - trade
Name: Magazine from the palace at Knossos
Period: Middle Minoan
Significance: storage place, pithoi- large jar, city had running water, clay pipes, bathroom, highly developped,
Name: Procession fresco (Palace at Knossos)
Period: Middle Minoan
Significance: buon fresco, carrying a boxer vase, colorful, profile view, dressed in high fashion, care-free lifestyle, styled hair
Name: Minoan woman or goddess (La Parisienne)
Period: Middle Minoan
Significance: Fashion
Name: Ladies in Blue Fresco
Period: Middle Minoan
Significance: highly decorative, a lot of movement, evidence of Minoan civilization in Egypt during Amarna period, inspiration for art deco
Name: Bull leaping from the palace at Knossos
Period: Minoan
Significance: religious sport, sacred bull, dark (male) figures and light (women) figures, bull is elongated, emphasizes movement
Name: Snake Goddess from the palace at Knossos
Period: Minoan
Significance: fertility icon
Name: Rhyton in the shape of a bull’s head
Period: Minoan
Significance: case or cup for libations to the gods, holds wine,
Name: Lion Gate, Mycenae
Period: Mycenaean
Significance: strategic for war archers, corbeled arch with lions or griffins surrounding a pillar, sacred pillar, inspired Greek with imagery in triangle shape
Name: Treasury of Atreus (Tholos Tomb)
Period: Mycenaean
Significance: bee hive shape, corbelled arch entrance, long dromos, buried dead only until the soul was taken
Name: Funerary Mask
Period: Mycenaean
Significance: not idealized, made of Mycenaean gold
Name: Inlaid dagger blades from lion hunt
Period: Mycenaean
Significance: Cretan style, war themed
Name: Vaphio Cups
Period: Mycenaen
Significance: known for goldwork, bulls depicted on cups, repoussé- raised surface of cup, war subjects
Name:
a. Hydria (Water Jar)
b. Lekythos (Oil flask for funerals)
c. Krater (Mixing bowl for wine and water)
d. Amphora [Storage jar (wine, corn oil, honey)]
e. Kylix (Drinking cup)
f. Oenochoe (Wine pouring jug)
Period: Greek
Significance:
Name: Kroisos (Kouros)
Period: Archaic Greek
Significance: grave marker, influenced by Egyptians, stylized hair, free-standing
Name: Peplos Kore
Period: Archaic Greek
Significance: painted in certain parts, encaustic painting, first full life size figures
Name: Kore from the Acropolis
Period: Greek
Significance: gravestone marker, Ionic figure, influenced by Meopotamia
Name: Temple of Hera I (Basilica)
Period: Archaic Greek
Significance: megaron, experimental phase,
Name: Gigantomachy (detail of the north frieze of the Siphnian Treasury)
Period: Archaic Greek
Significance: Apollo and Artemis persue a fleeing giant, originally had painted labels for the gods and goddesses
Name: Temple of Hera II
Period: Early Classical Greek
Significance: Doric temple modeled closely with on the Olympian shrine of Zeus
Name: Pericles
Period: Classical Greek
Significance: artist Kresilas made a noble man seem nobler, idealized images in which humans appeared godlike
Name: Parthenon, Iktinos and Kallidrates
Period: Classical Greek
Significance: harmonic proportions, peripital collonnade, optical illusion with spacing of columns, Doric
Name: Parthenon replica
Period:
Significance: Classical Greek architecture was an inspriation to many architects
Name: East Pediment of Parthenon (pediment sculptures)
Three Goddesses; Hestia, Dione, Aphrodite
Period: Classical Greek
Significance: the thin and heavy folds reval and conceal the body forms, Phidias designed the compositions and his assistants executed it
Name: Erechtheion
Period: Classical
Significance: an Ionic temple with fine decorative details, honored Athena and contains a wooden the ancient wooden image of her that was the goal of the Panathnaic Festival procession
Name: Column types
Period: Greek
Significance: doric- square column bases, ionic, curved column bases, leave column bases
Name: Temple of Bassae
Period:
Significance:
Name: Epidauros theatre, Polykleitos the Younger
Period: Macaedonian
Significance: situated on a hillside to support the stone seats, overlooks a circular orchestra, setting for the performances of ancient Greek Dramas
Name: Charioteer
Period: Early Classica Greek
Significance: hollowed bronze, lost wax method (cier perdu), many copies of Greek sculpture done by Romans, victory statue
Name: Kritios Boy
Period: Early Classical Greek
Significance: earliest example of contrapposto, relaxed stance with leg out and hips tilted, absence of archaic smile, not as stylized
Name: Riace Warrior
Period: Classical Greek
Significance: contrapposto, polykleitos canon- relaxed arm and leg, natural/ nude (ideal)
Name: Poseidon/ Zeus
Period: Classical
Significance: more realistic body for a god, lifesize, throwing a lightening bolt or triton
Name: Discus Thrower (Discobolos), MYRON
Period: Classical Greek
Significance: marble copies with supporting elements
Name: Doryphoros (Spearbearer), POLYKLEITOS
Period: Classical Greek
Significance: canon- resolution of opposites, Roman copies have supporting elements
Name: Hermes holding Dionysis, PRAXITELES
Period: Classical Greek
Significance: Roman copy or Greek originally?
Name: Nike alighting on a warship (Nike of Samothrace)
Period: Greek Hellenistic
Significance: not a relaxed figure, in motion, draped clothing,
Name: Laocoön
Period: Greek Hellenistic
Significance: movement, narrative, human drama, highly realistic (technical virtouosity), not a copy, discovered in High Renaissance, influenced Michaelangelo
Name: Dying Gaul, EPIGONOS
Period: Greek Hellenistic
Significance: torc on neck, hair is matted, narrative, human drama/emotion, technical virtouosity
Name: Venus de Milo
Period: Hellenistic Greek
Significance: pose is unknown, armless, epitome of beauty and sensuality
Name: Boy Strangling Goose
Period: Hellenistic Greek
Importance: conversation starter, human interest
Name: Stoa of Attalos II
Period: Late Hellenistic
Significance: Doric order on bottom ionic on top, attempt to organize the Agora, gift from king to Athens
Name: Lion Hunt from Pella, GNOSIS
Period: Late Hellenistic
Significance: mosaic with shading, tessarae, natural colored stones
Name: Model of a typical 6th Century Etruscan Temple
Period: Etruscan
Significance: Prostyle temple, wooden columns further apart, not fluted
Name: Apulu (Apollo)
Period: Etruscan
Significance: Terra cotta, personalized sculpture, molds, Greek god, movement
Name: Sarcophagus of a reclining couple
Period: Etruscan
Significance: archaic smile, Egytian influence
Name: Interior of the tomb of reliefs
Period: Early Etruscan
Significance: the most elaborate Cerveteri tomb, painted stucco reliefs cover its walls and piers, everyday items left as reminders of the houses of the living
Name: Interior of the Tomb of the Leopards
Period: Archaic Etruscan
Significance: large hand figures, Greek figures
Name: Capitoline Wolf
Period: Etruscan
Significance: Romulus and Remus born from gods, mythology
Name: Chimera of Arezzo
Period: Etruscan
Significance: composite monster, the Greek hero Bellepheron slew, wounded beast ready to attack
Name: Roman portrait
Period: Roman
Significance: not idealized, Vatican
Name: Portrait Bust of a Flavian woman
Period: Early Roman
Significance: stylized hair
Name: Mummy Portrait of a Man
Period: Early Roman
Significance: adopted practices of ancient Egypt and Greece, encaustic, wood wrapped around mummy, attempt at realism
Name: Temple of Portunus
Period: Early Roman
Significance: influenced by Greeks (columns, steps), and Etruscans (prostyle, no statues in pediment), engaged columns, pseudoperipital, marble covered veneer
Name: Arch of Titus
Period: Roman
Significance: depicted the sack of Jeruselem, high relief panels, rounded arch new Roman architecture, coffered ceilings (Parthenon)
Name: Palatine Hill
Period:
Significance:
Name: Ara Pacis Augustae
Period: Early Roman Empire
Significance: Augustus sought to present his new order as a Golden Age, celebrates the emperor’s most important achievement - the establishment of peace
Name: Procession of the imperial family
Period: Early Roman Empire
Significance: depict recognizable individuals, Augustus promoted marriage and childbearing
Name: Colosseum
Period: Flavian
Significance: a complex system of barrel vaults, gladiator combats and animal hunts
Name: Pantheon
Period: High Roman Empire
Significance: traditional facade masked its revolutionary cylindrical drum and its huge hemispherical dome, interior symbolized both the orb of the earth and the vault of the heavens
Name: Pont du Gard
Period: Early Roman Empire
Significance: Roman engineers constructed roads and bridges, aqueduct bridge brought water from a distant mountain spring to Nimes
Name: Plaster casts of the victims of Mt. Vesuvius eruption
Period:
Significance:
Name: First Style wall painting in the fauces of the Samnite House
Period: Roman Republic
Significance: aim was to imitate costly marble panels using painted stucco relief, style is Greek in origin and another example of the Hellenization of the Republican architecture
Name: Dionysiac mystery frieze, Second Style
Period: Roman Republic
Significance: illusion of imagery of three dimensional, the figures act out the initiation rites of the Dionysiac mysteries
Name: Gardenscape, second style
Period: Roman Republic
Significance: picture window, to suggest recession- atmospheric perspective
Name: Detail of a Third Style wall painting from cubiculum
Period: Roman Republic
Significance: delicate linear fantasies
Name: Fourth Style wall paintings, House of Vetti
Period: Roman Republic
Significance: illusionism, motifs on monochromatic background, fragments of buildings
Name: Column of Trajan
Period: High Empire
Significance: continuous spriral narrative frieze, served as Trajan’s tomb, the band increase in width as it reaches the top (foreshortening)
Name: Colossal head of Constantine
Period: Late Empire
Significance: revive the Augustan image of an eternally youthful ruler, one fragment of an enthroned Jupiter-like statue of the emperor holding the orb of world power
Name: Arch of Constantine
Period: Late Empire
Significance: sculptural inspiration from monuments fo Trajan, Hadrian, and Marcus Arelius, sculptors recut the heads of the earlier emperors to substitute Constantine’s features
Name: Portraits of the Four Tetrarchs
Period: Late Empire
Significance: Diocletian established the tetrarchy to bring order to the Roman world, depicted the four corulers as nearly identical partners in power
Name: Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius
Period: High Empire
Significance: superhuman grandeur, outstretched arm as a greeting or offer of clemency, an enemy once cowered underneath the horse’s foot, use of emotional features of the face
megaron
a large rectangular room at the center of the citadel
magazine
-storage area
encaustic
wax medium paint
triglyphs
characteristic at the end of the roof beam, decorated
metapies
visual scenes on a temple
entabliture
triangle structure above a temple, sometimes filled with sculptures
entasis
the swelling in the middle of the columns, optical illusion
stylobate
the platform where the temple sits
agora
the city/ town center (ancient marketplace)
gigantomachy
battle between the Greeks and the gods
technical virtuousity
highly realstic depictions of anatomy
castrum
Roman military camp
