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GI Pharmacology > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for Metronidazole

A

Amebiasis, Giardiasus, trichomoniasis – used in combination with a luminal amebicide to kill gut infection

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2
Q

MOA for metronidazole

A

Some bacteria and protozoans metabolize the reactive nitro group on drug, leading to disruption of DNA repair and synthesis

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3
Q

Indications for niclosamide

A

intestinal Cestodes. Minimal indications, stays in gut (some GI)

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4
Q

Indications for praziquantel

A

All cestodes and trematodes. GI upset, some CNS effects

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5
Q

MOA for niclosamide

A

inhibits worm glucose uptake and anaerobic metabolism

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6
Q

MOA for praziquantel

A

Worm permeability to Ca increased - spastic paralysis of worm

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7
Q

Indications for mebendazole

A

GI upset, many nematodes, including pin worm (most common US helminth infection)

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8
Q

MOA for mebendazole

A

Disruption of worm microtubules

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9
Q

Indications for lamivudine

A

HBV

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10
Q

MOA for lamivudine

A

inhibits reverse transcriptase from converting viral DNA to RNA for transcription and replication

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11
Q

Indication for Entecavir

A

HBV

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12
Q

MOA for Entecavir

A

Inhibits reverse transcriptase from converting viral DNA to RNA for tarnscription and replication

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13
Q

Indication for Adefovir

A

HBV

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14
Q

MOA for Adefovir

A

Inhibit reverse transcriptase from converting viral DNA to RNA for transcription and replication

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15
Q

Indication for Tenofovir

A

HBV

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16
Q

MOA for Tenofovir

A

Inhibits reverse transcriptase from converting viral DNA to RNA for transcription and replication

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17
Q

Indication for Telbivudine

A

HBV

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18
Q

MOA for Telbivudine

A

Inhibits reverse transcriptase from converting viral DNA to RNA for transcription and replication

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19
Q

Indication for Boceprevir

A

HCV

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20
Q

MOA for Boceprevir

A

Binds to NS3 on the hep C virus

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21
Q

Indications for Telaprevir

A

HCV

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22
Q

MOA for Telaprivir

A

Bind to Ns3 on the hep C virus

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23
Q

Indication for Simeprevir

A

HCV

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24
Q

MOA for ismeprivir

A

Direct-acting antiviral treatment

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25
Q

indication for sofosbuvir

A

HCV

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26
Q

MOA for sofosbuvir

A

Inhibits HCV Ns5b (an RNA polymerase)

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27
Q

Indication for Ribavirin

A

HCV

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28
Q

MOA for Ribavirin

A

Inhibits replication of DNA and RNA viruses, used as a part of a multi therapy for hepatitis

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29
Q

indications for rIFN Alpha

A

HCV

30
Q

MOA for rIFN Alpha

A

Increases immunological cytotoxicity for cells infected with viruses

31
Q

Indication for Loperamide

A

Diarrhea

32
Q

MOA for Loperamide

A

Inhibits peristalsis by acting on smooth and longitudinal layers for muscles in the GI tract

33
Q

Indications for Octreotide

A

Diarrhea (Especially in cancer)

34
Q

MOA for Octreotide

A

Mimics somatostatin to inhibit serotonin release along with gastrin to decrease motility

35
Q

Indications for Dicyclomine

A

Functional Bowel Disease and IBS

36
Q

MOA for Dicyclomie

A

Blocks ACh at parasympathetic sites in smooth muscle reducing motility

37
Q

Indication for Methylcellulose

A

Constipation (Maybe diarrhea)

38
Q

MOA for Methylcelluloase

A

Draws water into stool to produce a greater volume and motility

39
Q

Indication for Magnesium Salts

A

Laxative

40
Q

MOA for Magnesium Salts

A

Draws water into stool to produce a greater volume and motility

41
Q

Indication for Bisacodyl

A

Constipation

42
Q

MOA for Bisacodyl

A

Stimulates peristalsis by irritating smooth muscle of the intestine altering water and electrolyte secretion

43
Q

Indication for Polyethylene Glycol

A

Constipation

44
Q

MOA for Polyethylene Glycol

A

Causes retention of water in stool, increasing frequency

45
Q

Indication for Lubiprostone

A

Idiopathic constipation, opiod, IBD

46
Q

MOA for Lubiprostone

A

Acts on the apical surface of membrane cells to increase secretion of chloride into the lumen, increasing osmolarity and adding water to the stool

47
Q

Indication for Methylnaltrexone

A

Opiod induced constipation

48
Q

MOA for methlynaltrexone

A

Inhibits gastric motility induced by the presence of opiods

49
Q

Indications for Psyllium

A

Constipation, Diarrhea

50
Q

MOA for Psyllium

A

Soluble fiber that absorbs water in the lumen to increase the movement and bulk of stool

51
Q

Indication for Bismuth Subsalicylate

A

Mild Diarrhea, H. pylori

52
Q

MOA Bismuth subsalicylate

A

Anti-inflammatory and antisecretory effects on the intestinal epithelium

53
Q

indication for Sulfasalazine (5-ASA derivative)

A

IBD, UC, Crohn’s, RA

54
Q

MOA for Sulfasalazine (5-ASA derivative)

A

Modify Arachaidonic acid metabolism by blocking the conversion to luekotrienes and protaglandins – also seen to have inhibitory effects on Il-1 and has scavenging effect on superoxide radical

55
Q

Indication for Olsalazine (5-ASA derivative)

A

IBD, UC, Crohns

56
Q

MOA for Olsalazine (5-ASA derivative)

A

Modify Arachaidonic acid metabolism by blocking the conversion to luekotrienes and protaglandins – also seen to have inhibitory effects on Il-1 and has scavenging effect on superoxide radical

57
Q

Indication for Mesalazine/Mesalamine (5-ASA)

A

IBD, UC, Crohn

58
Q

MOA for Mesalazine/Mesalamine

A

Modify Arachaidonic acid metabolism by blocking the conversion to luekotrienes and protaglandins – also seen to have inhibitory effects on Il-1 and has scavenging effect on superoxide radical

59
Q

Indications for Budesonide (Corticosteroid)

A

Crohns, UC

60
Q

MOA for Budesonide

A

Controls rate of protein synthesis, depresses migrate of PMNs, anti-inflammatory

61
Q

Indications for Azathioprine (Immunosuppressant, Mercaptopurine derivative)

A

UC, Crohns

62
Q

MOA for Azathioprine

A

Metabolites incorporated into replicating DNA and halt replication, block purine synthesis)

63
Q

Indications for 6-Mercaptopurine (Immunosuppressant, Mercaptopurine derivative)

A

UC, Crohns

64
Q

MOA for 6-Mercaptopurine

A

Metabolites incorporated into replicating DNA and halt replication, block purine synthesis)

65
Q

Indication for infliximab (TNF-alpha inhibitor)

A

Crohn, UC

66
Q

MOA for infliximab

A

Chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to TNF-alpha interfering with its activity

67
Q

Indication for Adalimumab (TNF-alpha inhibitor)

A

Crohn, UC

68
Q

MOA for Adalimumab

A

Chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to TNF-alpha interfering with its activity

69
Q

Indication for Certolizumab (TNF-alpha inhibitor)

A

Crohn, UC

70
Q

MOA for Certolizumab

A

Chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to TNF-alpha interfering with its activity

GI Pharmacology (3 decks)

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