Test 2 Flashcards
The shortened version of a drug’s official name is the:
Generic Name
Non-prescription drugs are most commonly known as ______ drugs.
over-the-counter (OTC)
A legend drug is one that:
Requires a prescription.
Radiopaque contrast agents fall into the category of:
Legend drugs
Who regulates all drugs?
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Who enforces the Controlled Substances Act?
The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
What are some common facts about Nitroglycerin?
Belongs to the group of medicines called nitrates.
It works by relaxing the blood vessels and increasing the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while reducing its workload
- It is a vasodilator
- It is used to treat angina
- It is most commonly administered sublingual
What type of medication(s) do congestive heart failure patients typically get prescribed?
- ACE inhibitors
- ARBs
- Beta blockers
- Diuretics!!!!
- Anticoagulants
What are the 5 rights of drug administration?
Right Drug
Right Patient
Right Amount
Right Time
Right Route
_______ is the study of drug actions and drug interactions with living organisms
Pharmacology
A _____ is any substance, other than food, used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or cure a disease
Drug
______ are groups of drugs that have similar chemical actions
Drug Families
A drug _______ is the basis for initiation of treatment or use of a particular drug.
Why does the patient need it
Drug Indication
- A drug indication is the basis for initiating treatment or use of a particular drug, meaning it’s the specific medical condition or reason why a patient needs to take that drug.
A drug _______ is any symptom or circumstance that renders use of a drug inadvisable.
ex: a patient taking antibiotics should avoid antiacids for fear of slowing down the antibiotic absorption
Contraindication
- A contraindication is a medical condition or factor that makes it unsafe or inadvisable to administer a specific treatment, procedure, or medication
_______ is the processes in the body that control the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs by the body
Pharmacokinetics
Drug _______ is the amount of the drug that reaches systemic circulation
Bioavailability
Drug ______ is the movement of the drug from its site of administration, into the patient’s bloodstream.
Absorption
Drugs are administered in a variety of ways, including ___ , ___ , & ___
- Enterally
- Topically
- Parenterally
Enteral routes of drug administration include:
- Oral
- Sublingual
- Buccal
- Rectal
Topical Routes of drug administration involve the application of a drug, where?
Directly onto the skin
(Lotions, Spray, Gel, Foam, etc)
What does parenteral mean?
The drug is administered by a route other than the GI tract, typically by injection using a needle or syringe
Name the four routes that parenteral drugs can be administered
- Intradermal (ID
- Intramuscular (IM)
- Subcutaneous (SQ)
The ________ explains that, because of travel through the gastric and hepatic circulation, a portion of the drug that is taken will be metabolized en route and become inactive
First Pass
Drug ______ is drug movement from the blood to various tissues and organs in the body
Distribution
Drug _______ explains the chemical alteration of various substances within the body.
Most drugs go through this in the liver
Biotransformation
Drug _______ is the amount of time it takes for a drug to leave the body
Clearance rate
_______ is the study of the method of mechanism of drug action on living tissues or the response of tissues to chemical agents at various sites in the body
Pharmacodynamics
A _______ results from the drug acting on tissues other than those intended, which causes a response unrelated to the intended action
side effect
An ________ is an effect produced by a drug that is severe or life-threatening.
Give an example
Adverse Effect
ex: anaphylaxis
A _______ is an unwanted effect of a drug that is an extension of the therapeutic effect
Give an example
Toxic effect
ex. drug overdose
A ________ is an unwanted or exacerbated effect of a drug
idiosyncratic reaction
What are some factors that affect drug absorption rate?
- how it is administered
- physiochemical properties
- formulation
- surface area
- blood flow
An ________ occurs when the body’s immunologic system is hypersensitive to the presence of the drug
Drug hypersensitivity
(Allergic Reaction)
What does this abbreviation mean:
Ac
Before meals
What does this abbreviation mean:
Tid
Three times a day
What does this abbreviation mean:
Bid
Twice a day
What does this abbreviation mean:
C
With
What does this abbreviation mean:
Et
And
What does this abbreviation mean:
G
Gram
What does this abbreviation mean:
Gtt
Drop(s)
What does this abbreviation mean:
H
Hour
What does this abbreviation mean:
Hs
At bedtime
What does this abbreviation mean:
Hypo
Hypodermic (ally)
What does this abbreviation mean:
IM
Intramuscular (ly)
What does this abbreviation mean:
IV
Intravenous (ly)
LOOK AT CHART 22.1 on Pg. 303
An ______ is a sealed glass container designed to hold a single dose of a drug. must be broken
Ampule
A _______ is a small glass/plastic bottle with a sealed rubber cap carrying multiple doses of a drug
vial
LOOK AT EMMA QUIZLET EXAM TWO
