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Pharmacology > Principles of Pharmacology > Flashcards

Principles of Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacology?

A

Study of drugs in living systems

  • Includes medication effects, whether diagnostic, therapeutic, or adverse
  • Drugs can be helpful or harmful
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2
Q

What are the properties of an ideal drug?

A

1) Effectiveness
2) Safety
3) Selectivity

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3
Q

What are the 3 types of drug names:

A

1) Chemical Name
2) Generic Name
3) Trade or Brand Name

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4
Q

Trade FDA is responsible for_____

A

fraudulent claim protection by manufacturers and merchants

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5
Q

What is the 1906 Food and Drug Act?

A

Designed the US Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary as official standards to enforce drug companies to comply with these set of standards.

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6
Q

Legend Drugs:

A
  • Require a prescription
  • Radiopaque contrast agent and other medications administered in the radiology department are Legend Drugs!
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7
Q

Name a few things that Legal Prescriptions must include:

A
  • Patient name, room number and/or address
  • Drug name (generic or brand)
  • Dosage / Dosage form
  • Route of administration
  • Date order was written
  • Prescribers signature
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8
Q

“C” stands for what in pharmacology?

A

Controlled Substances

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9
Q

What are controlled substances?

A

Meds that have a high potential for abuse, and are placed into one of the five substance schedules

  • The lower the Roman numeral the greater the potential for abuse
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10
Q

Give the Schedule/Class of Controlled Substance and Examples for each

A
  • Schedule 1 (Heroin)
  • Schedule 2 (Codeine, Morphine)
  • Schedule 3 (Acetaminophen with codeine)
  • Schedule 4 (Xanax)
  • Schedule 5 (Various cold and cough combinations with codeine)
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11
Q

Can Herbal Products cause pharmacological effects?

A

Yes.
You must ask patient if they have taken herbal products when getting medication history

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12
Q

What is charting?

A
  • Legal medical record
  • Belongs to the hospital
  • Accurate, chronological history of event as they occur under the supervision of a medical professional
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13
Q

What is drug nomenclature?

A

Drug with many names before it becomes available for use

(Systematic naming of drugs)

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14
Q

What does POMR stand for?

A

Problem Orientated Medical Record

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15
Q

Review Fig. 1.1!

A
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16
Q

What happens during drug administration?

A

Medication Errors
Patient Adherence

17
Q

Give examples of Pharmacokinetics
(study of how the body processes drugs)

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

18
Q

Give examples of pharmacodynamixs
(Study of how the drugs impact the body at a molecular, biochemical, and physiological level)

A

Drug receptor interaction
Patients functional state
Placebo effect

19
Q

What are sources of individual variation?

A
  • physiologic variables
  • pathological variables
  • genetic variables
  • drug interactions
20
Q

Does a verbal order have to be signed?

A

Yes, must sign to be legal and valid

21
Q

What’s an examples of Schedule 1 Controlled Substance?

A

Heroin

22
Q

What’s an example of Schedule 2 Controlled Substance?

A

Codeine, Morphine

23
Q

What’s an examples of Schedule 3 Controlled Substance?

A

Acetaminophen with codeine

24
Q

What’s an examples of Schedule 4 Controlled Substance?

A

Xanax

25
Q

What’s an examples of Schedule 5 Controlled Substance?

A

Various cold and cough combinations with codeine

26
Q

What’s the order in drug administration?

A

Prescribed Dose
Administered Dose
Concentration at sites of action
Intensity of responses

27
Q

What is the therapeutic objective?

A

to provide maximum benefits with minimum harm

28
Q

Are generic products and brand name products therapeutically equivalent?

A

Yes, due to the active chemical ingredient

(but you may have a different reaction)

29
Q

What are some examples of a herbal product?

A

Ginger
Turmeric
Chamomile

30
Q

Can herbal products affect the cardiovascular, GI and Central Nervous System?

A

Yes, when taken in excess

31
Q

What might an imaging professional be responsible for placing into a medical record?

A
  • Specific radiology procedures
  • Patient History regarding radiology procedures
  • Patient assessment during and after the procedures
  • Any administered medications
32
Q

OTC drugs account for ___ of all doses administered.

A

60%

33
Q

____ times as many illnesses are treated by a consumer using an OTC drug as by a consumer visiting a physician.

A

Four Times

34
Q

What does POMR stand for and what is it?

A

Problem Orientated Medical Record- format used by most hospitals

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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