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Tutorial; History of Psych > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

observational learning

A

learning from watching other people (rolemodels) partake in behaviours and then imitating said behaviours

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1
Q

mirror neurons

A

specialised cells that are involved in observational learning; they fire even if we’re not the ones doing the action

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2
Q

example of observational learning

A

we see our brother get good grades and then we want to get good grades too

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3
Q

implicit learning

A

unconscious, ineffable behavior that we have picked up

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4
Q

characteristics of implicit learning

A
  • unconscious
  • recognising patterns
  • not easily explained
  • procedural knowledge
  • exposure (intensifies learning)
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5
Q

emphasis of observational learning

A
  • role models
  • imitations
  • emotions + desires of learner (attention, memory, motivation)
  • cultural norms
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6
Q

personality

A

person’s unique and stable behaviours that can help you see
- who they were/what they are/ who they will become

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7
Q

character

A

personal characteristics that have been judged and evaluated

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8
Q

temperament

A

hereditary personality

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9
Q

personality traits

A

stable qualities that person shows in most cirumstances

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10
Q

personality type

A

people that have traits in common

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11
Q

psychoanalytic theory founder

A

sigmund freud

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12
Q

humanistic theory founder

A

Abraham Maslow

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13
Q

Social Cog Theory

A

Albert Bandura

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14
Q

key concepts of psychoanalytic theory

A
  • structure of mind
  • defense mechanisms
  • psychosexual
  • levels of consciousness
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15
Q

id

A

impulsive desires

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16
Q

super ego

A

moral judgements

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17
Q

ego

A

seen personality that tries to balance id and superego

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18
Q

repression

A

removing painful experiences from conscious mind

19
Q

rationalisation

A

try to come up with reasons for an unacceptable behavior to conceal true feelings

20
Q

reaction formation

A

unconscious replacing of threatening feeling with opposite extreme

21
Q

projection

A

attributing personal threatening feelings to another person

22
Q

regression

A

becoming immature to feel safer in a threatening circumstance

23
Q

displacement

A

shifting unacceptable feelings or behaviour to another less threatening target

24
Q

identification

A

unconscious taking on characteristics of someone you think is more powerful in threatening circumstances

25
Q

sublimation

A

channeling unacceptable (sexual or aggressive) drives to something culturally enhancing

26
Q

3 reasons for defense mechanisms

A
  1. coping with anxiety
  2. equilibrium
  3. adapting to reality
27
Q

eustress

A

beneficial stress that motivates us

28
Q

distress

A

bad stress (excessive or prolonged) that harms our physical + mental wellbeing

29
Q

acute stress

A

brief, intense stress triggered by specific event

30
Q

chronic stress

A

longterm stress from ongoing issues

31
Q

physical stress

A

physical demands on body causes stress

32
Q

traumatic stress

A

results from traumatic event

33
Q

cumulative stress

A

lots of small stressors cause big stress

34
Q

primary appraisal

A

determining if stimulus is a stressor

35
Q

secondary appraisal

A

determining if you can handle stressor

36
Q

HPA Axis full name

A

hypothalamic, pituitar adrenal axis

37
Q

cortisol effects

A

immune system, cardiovascular, metabolism
- increases blood glucose levels

38
Q

Inventor of General Adaptation Syndrome

A

Hans Selye, endocrinologist

39
Q

alarm stage

A
  • fight or flight system activated
  • lots of stress hormones released
  • mobilisation of E reserves
40
Q

resistance stage

A
  • stressor persists so body tries to adapt
  • same functions as alarm stage but body tries to find equilibrium to continue functioning normally
41
Q

exhaustion stage

A
  • body’s resources depleted
  • breakdown of adaptive mechanisms
  • susceptible to illness + chronic health issues
42
Q

3 coping mechanisms

A

repression, reframing, rationalisation

43
Q

rational coping stages

A

acceptance, understanding, exposure

44
Q

stress inoculation theory

A

develop positive ways of thinking about the situation

45
Q

hardiness 3 components

A

commitment, control, challenge

Tutorial; History of Psych (3 decks)

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