Test 2

Question 1

cataloging

Answer 1

artifacts and specimens are documented and assigned a provenience

Question 2

classification

Answer 2

driven by specific research questions

Question 3

typology

Answer 3

arrangement of material culture into types (artifacts into categories)

Question 4

abstractions

Answer 4

imposed by the archaeologist on a variable batch of artifacts

Question 5

3 types of types

Answer 5

morphological, temporal, functional

Question 6

morphological

Answer 6

descriptive grouping of artifacts whose focus is on overall similarity (descriptive, abstract)

Question 7

temporal

Answer 7

morphological types that have specific chronological meaning for a certain region

Question 8

functional

Answer 8

reflect how objects were used

Question 8

types

Answer 8

a class of objects defined by a consistent clustering of attributes

Question 8

relative dates

Answer 8

dates expressed relative to one another (stratigraphy and time markers, law of superposition)

Question 8

index fossil concept

Answer 8

strata containing similar fossil assemblages are of similar age

Question 9

time markers

Answer 9

any objects or attribute an object that is distinctive, widespread distribution, existed for a limited period of time

Question 10

seriation

Answer 10

orders artifacts based on the assumption that one cultural style slowly replaces an earlier style over time

Question 11

frequency seriation

Answer 11

based on how often an artifact was used

Question 12

data

Answer 12

observations about the artifacts (not the artifacts themselves)

Question 13

variable

Answer 13

any property that can be displayed in different forms (length, color, material)

Question 14

attribute

Answer 14

particular state of a measured variable (stone, brown, 8.5cm)

Question 15

temporal type

Answer 15

artifact is popular then fades out (battle ship form)

Question 16

cultural areas

Answer 16

regions defined primarily by what people ate

Question 17

component

Answer 17

slice of time that only exists in one sight

Question 18

assemblage

Answer 18

what comes out of one deposit

Question 19

tradition / archaeological culture

Answer 19

reigional manifestation within an area/culture marked by cultural traits during a particular time

Question 20

archaeological cultures

Answer 20

a regional manifestation within a culture area marked by a particular set of material culture traits

Question 21

periods

Answer 21

a length of time distinguished by particular items of material culture

Question 22

Absolute dating

Answer 22

Specific dates expressing chronological control (dates you can put on a calendar)

Question 23

Relative dating

Answer 23

Unspecific segments of time, found by their relationship with other artifacts

Question 24

Time-markers

Answer 24

Similar to index fossil concept, distinct wide spread artifacts to diagnose a period of time

Question 25

Seriation

Answer 25

One style is slowly replaced with another over time. Reflects changes of style or technology and economy

Question 26

Dendrochronology

Answer 26

Tree-ring dating

Question 27

Radiocarbon dating

Answer 27

Determining approximate age of artifact by measuring amount of Carbon-14

Question 28

Dosimeter

Answer 28

Radiation measuring device

Question 29

Thermoluminescence

Answer 29

Lab heats artifact (ceramics) and measures how much light is released, therefore measuring total radiation dose. Generates mean age estimate

Question 30

Optically Stimulated Luminescence

Answer 30

(OSL) dates sediments (dirt). Date is time elapsed between the last time exposed to sunlight