Test 2

Question 1

What is maternal mortality?

Answer 1

The death of a women while pregnant or within 42 days after the termination of the pregnancy.

Question 1

Where does the majority of Australians live?

Answer 1

In major cities compared with rural and remote areas

Question 2

Provide an example of how LEDC have worse wellbeing than MEDC

Answer 2

women in low-income countries have a 1 in 36 lifetime risk of maternal mortality, whereas this risk for women in high income countries is 1 in 3300

Question 3

What factors are strongly linked to maternal mortality in both rural areas and urban slums in India?

Answer 3

Maternal mortality is strongly interconnected with poverty, poor sanitation, and a lack of affordable health services in both rural areas and urban slums.

Question 4

What is the significance of clean water and sanitation for human health?

Answer 4

Both impact a persons health by causing diseases. In some situations access to unclean water and poor sanitation can affect a persons mental health too.

Question 5

How does the wellbeing change in aus with rural vs urban?

Answer 5

the level of health is lower in regional areas than in major cities.
- People living in rural areas tend to have shorter lives and higher levels of injury/ disease and less access to health services

Question 6

What factors contribute to shorter life expectancy and increased injury/illness rates in rural areas?

Answer 6

Physically hazardous jobs result in elevated accident occurrences.
Driving-related aspects,
- including long distances, higher speeds, and the presence of animals on roads
-less access to health care

Question 7

Why do rural areas have shorter life expectancy than major cities?

Answer 7

they do not have the same opportunities for good health and with their limited health facilities have less skilled personnel

Question 8

Difficulties of people living in rural areas

Answer 8

less access to health care, fewer educational and employment opportunities, increased food cost

Question 9

Why does infant mortality remain high in India?

Answer 9

Infant mortality remains high due to over two-thirds of the population living in rural areas with limited access to health and reproductive services.

Question 10

What factors have contributed to a reduced death rate in India since the 1950s?

Answer 10

Improvements in water supply, a decrease in infectious diseases, and increased education levels have led to a reduced death rate in India.

Question 11

How has the number of children per woman in India changed over time?

Answer 11

The number of children per woman in India has decreased from 5 in the 1970s to 2.3 in 2018.

Question 12

What are the leading causes of maternal deaths worldwide?

Answer 12

Preventable complications such as severe bleeding, infections, and unsafe abortions are the leading causes of maternal deaths.

Question 13

Where are the majority of maternal deaths concentrated globally?

Answer 13

Approximately 86% of maternal deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia, with sub-Saharan Africa accounting for two-thirds of these deaths.

Question 14

How does poverty affect maternal mortality rates in India?

Answer 14

Poverty limits access and affordability of maternal health care, contributing to higher maternal mortality rates in India.

Question 15

What is the main reason for the difference in maternal mortality rates between India and Australia?

Answer 15

Poverty

Question 16

How does the preference for male children impact maternal mortality in India?

Answer 16

The pressure to produce sons leads to multiple pregnancies, increasing the risk of maternal mortality for Indian women.

Question 17

What contributes to Australia’s lower maternal mortality rate compared to India?

Answer 17

Australia’s smaller population size, greater wealth, and higher accessibility to medical services contribute to its lower maternal mortality rate.

Question 18

What disparities exist between Australian Indigenous peoples and non-Indigenous Australians?

Answer 18

Australian Indigenous peoples experience lower levels of health, education, employment, and economic independence compared to non-Indigenous Australians.

Question 19

What characteristics are associated with Indigenous Australian individuals reporting high levels of psychological stress?

Answer 19

Indigenous Australian individuals reporting high levels of psychological stress are more likely to be on a lower income, unemployed, smoke, have a disability, and have three or more long-term health conditions.

Question 20

How does the employment rate of Indigenous Australians change with higher levels of education?

Answer 20

The employment rate of Indigenous Australians consistently increases with higher levels of education.

Question 21

What challenges do Indigenous Australians face in accessing services and opportunities similar to other Australians?

Answer 21

Indigenous Australians often experience difficulties in accessing the same services and opportunities as other Australians. For instance, poor access to health services can impact school attendance, which might subsequently affect their employment prospects.

Question 22

How might location impact education?

Answer 22

How further away you are from school.
How many schools are available to you.
The quality of schools available to you.

Question 23

How might location impact employment and income?

Answer 23

Rural have less income but cost less for foods and stuff.
Urban costs more for products and services.
Rural have less job opportunities.

Question 24

3- What are the health risk factors that influence health outcomes?

Answer 24

Alcohol consumption exceeding guidelines, smoking, high blood pressure, overweight, obesity, diet, physical activity that can develop diseases or health disorders, lack of physical activity.

Question 25

4- Which risky behaviors are people in outer regional and remote areas more likely to engage in and why?

Answer 25

Alcohol and smoking, illicit drug use, abusing prescription pain killers, unsafe driving behaviours, operating machinery without safety precautions. Because of boredom and isolation.

Question 26

why the incidence of family, domestic and sexual violence and hospitalisation from domestic violence is higher than in urban centres.

Answer 26

A possible reason for this is because of in the urban areas everyone knows everyone meaning that people don’t feel comfortable admitting to their experiences or safe to do so.
- Feel unsafe to speak to police who might know the abuser.

Question 27

How does access to water affect women?

Answer 27

access to safe water is extremely important for women, especially pregnant women. Safe water is important for pregnant women to keep their babies safe. Women who consume unsafe water, they are most likely to have premature babies or have low birth weight. In severe cases, pregnant women consuming unsafe water could lead into a miscarriage

Question 28

What is social justice

Answer 28

fair and equitable access to a communities resources
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island peoples do experience social justice in Australia

Question 29

Australian First Nations peoples wellbeing challenges

Answer 29

Disposed from land (taken off from their land)
Discrimination (racism)
Stereotypes (drug + alcohol abuse, criminals, lazy)
Education disadvantages
Misinformation accused by getting privileges (“lots of free stuff”)
Displacement of people

Question 30

Which state/territory has the highest number of Indigenous peoples, and what percentage?

Answer 30

new south Wales - 33% highest number