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US History ll - McCool > Test #2 > Flashcards

Test #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Who wins the 1884 election

A

Grover Cleveland (D)

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2
Q

Protective Tariff

A

designed to shield domestic production from foreign competition by raising the price of the imported commodity

-Americans didn’t like it because they didn’t want to buy local goods, as foreign goods were cheaper (possibly more reliable?)

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3
Q

What happened to people’s surplus? (an excess amount left)

A

It went into sales tax

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4
Q

What was the main reason Benjamin Harrison defeated Grover Cleveland in the 1888 election?

A

-People weren’t able to vote the way they wanted to
-No secret ballot in the 1800s
-Used to be able to send people to threated and watch who you vote for

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5
Q

Result of Welfare for veterans

A

Pensions created by Benjamin Harrison not only for veterans but for their widows
-Was disliked amongst states bc it was easy to fake being a veteran in order to get pensions
-Easy to fake b/c all you need was a paper stated you were a veteran and an approval of the court if it was convincing enough

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6
Q

1890 Sherman Silver Purchase Act

A

bimetal currency = gold + silver standard
-purpose was to increase money supply
-repealed later b/c it decreased the number of gold reserves available
-Miners favored it b/c it guaranteed more work/business for them
-Western farmers favored b/c they often had to go into debt to finance the machines necessary to farm efficiently

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7
Q

1890 Mckinley Tarriff

A

-protective tariff that raised the average duty on foreign imports to almost 50%
-It undermined Hawaii’s special status by allowing other nations and territories, like Cuba, to export sugar to the United States without paying duties.

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8
Q

What party supported the 17th Amendment? (allowing voters to cast direct votes for U.S. senators)

A

Populists Party/Farmer’s party

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9
Q

What did the Populist/Farmer’s party want?

A

-crop prices by grain storehouses
-8 hr workday, overtime pay
-min. wage
-retirement pay
-secret ballot
-silver coinage
-direct election of senate
-income tax
-reduce tariff
-initiative on ballots

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10
Q

What were the reasons for imperialism (gaining of colonies)?

A
  1. economies: raw materials, self finished goods, cheap labor
  2. military value: strategic location
  3. westernization: adopting ones cultural traditions/values onto foreign land/lifestyle
  4. christianization
  5. perstige
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11
Q

Opposite of imperialism:

A

Isolation: uninvolved, “minding your own business”

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12
Q

What were the reasons for isolationism?

A

1.”European Entanglement” = mind your own business
2. Cost- avoid losing money overseas
3. Humanitarian reasons- basically, morals. (“If you go to a town and destroy a waterline, how many toddlers are you killing”)
4. Democratic concerns
5. Lives- how many people, or Americans, die in each war?
6. Manifest Destiny- spread thru the Western Coast (Indians not seen as being colonized)
7. Former Colonial Status- “we” were a former colony ourselves
8. Natural Resources- we have enough natural resources here at home
9. Immigration

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13
Q

Hawaii

A

Sugar & Naval Bases

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14
Q

Nativism

A

Local cultures, local rule, & customs

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15
Q

1898 Spanish-American War

A

-yellow journalism= sensationalit stories sell
-spanish plantation management
-USS Maine explodes in Havana, Cuba

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16
Q

US Wins

A

-dominates naval battle due to metal steamships
-US wins major land battles

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17
Q

4 island chains owned by US:

A

*Puerto Rico
-Cuba: 1910 US leaves, Platt Amendment
*Guam
-Philippines: Civil War vs Guerrillas from 1898-1901, freedom in 1946

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18
Q

Guerilla Warfare

A

“sneaky fights”

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19
Q

Progressivism

A

Early 1900s movement for social & political progress

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20
Q

What were people targeting & wanting change for?

A

-women’s rights, restrictive laws
-race relations
-work conditions/worker’s rights
-problems of urbanization
-anti-corruption
-ani-inefficiency
-elections, initiatives, secret ballots
-monopolies (anti)
-poverty vs wealth
-temperance movement, against alcohol

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21
Q

4 Amendments created during this era:

A

16th- income tax
17th- direct election of senators
18th- prohibition of alcohol —–> reduced crime, saved money, physical health
overturned by the 21st in 1933
19th- Women’s rights to vote

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22
Q

First Progressive president:

A

Theodore Roosevelt (R) 1901-1909

23
Q

What were the 3 c’s Roosevelt wanted to focus on?

A

-Controlling corporations
-Consumer Protection
-Conservation

24
Q

Trustbuster

A

DOJ (Department of Justice) sues 44 companies

25
Q

Interstate Commerce Act

A

Inquired that railroad rates must be “reasonable and just”

26
Q

Elkins & Hepburn Act

A

-Regulation of railroads
-Published & standardized railroad rates
-Prohibited companies from charging higher rates for short hauls

27
Q

Consumer Protection Laws:

A

-1906 Pure Food & Drug Act
-1906 Meat Inspection Act
^^^ Eventually created the FDA

28
Q

Conservation

A

-more than doubled the National Park system
-bought millions of acres and added to the National Forest System
-Green movement in early 1900s helped create Central Park in NYC
-Teddy added to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grand Canyon, and more

28
Q

Conservation

A

-more than doubled the National Park system
-bought millions of acres and added to the National Forest System
-Green movement in early 1900s helped create Central Park in NYC
-Teddy added to Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grand Canyon, and more

29
Q

Who won in the 1908 and 1912 elections

A

William H. Taft (Teddy R. Vice) wins in 1908, conservative view of power

1912 Taft vs Teddy- neither win
-Woodrow Wilson (D) wins the White House with 42% of votes
-Teddy finished 2nd
-Taft finished 3rd

30
Q

Triple wall of privelage

A

Tariff, banks, trusts

31
Q

Underwood Tariff

A

reduction of tariff, balanced by 16th amendment (Federal Government collect income tax)

32
Q

Federal Reserve

A

-Banks openly discriminated and denied acces if wanted, usually between rich & poor
-bought money, paid on interest, sold again, and made profit off of it
-Prime Interest Rate

33
Q

Clayton Anti-trust Act

A

Exempted unions from anti trust laws

34
Q

Keating Owens Act

A

Strongest child labor laws

35
Q

Why were Americans upset that the USS Maine was destroyed?

A

The opponents (Spanish?) claimed the explotion was an accident, but yet, the accident ended up in the fatality of 260 US Soldiers

36
Q

What lands does the US still owe today from the 4 island chains we owned then?

A

Guam & Puerto Rico

37
Q

(James) Monroe Doctrine

A

Europe should stay out of the Americas
“warned European powers not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.”

38
Q

Theodore Roosevelt Corollary

A

America will negotiate problems with American nations and European powers

39
Q

(Taft) Dollar Diplomacy

A

America should use economy to achieve foreign policy goals
“We don’t have to fight wars to achieve goals. We should use our economy (boycotting)”

40
Q

(Wilson) Moral Diplomacy

A

America should do the right thing
“The country will always be seen as the good guys, even if a story is lied about”

41
Q

Isolationist

A

non-involvement in Europe-Asian conflicts and non-intanglement in international conflicts

42
Q

Why was America considered/seen as isolationist?

A

Because we were uninvolved in the WWI until the 3rd year (1914-1918)

43
Q

Causes for WWl

A

-imperialism: competition over land
-industrialization: competition over resources
-militarization: threat of large, industrial machines
-Balkan wars: Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, Romania vs Ottoman Empire —-> Assasination of Fraz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria

44
Q

Why does the US join WWI?

A

-Zimmerman telegram: Germany invites Mexico to attack US- recieve multiple states as a reward
-Mexico & US had tension, US took territory from MX (California through Texas)
-U-boat Warfare: submarines attacking our shipping lanes
-Lusitania & the Sussez: passenger liners that were destroyed (not American ships, but thousands of Americans on board)
-Germany was breaking war rules b/c they were shooting at boats that had nothing to do w/ the ongoing conflict

45
Q

What new weapons does the US introduce?

A

-machine guns (defining weapon)
*tank
*planes
-submarines
-chemical weapons- created weapons/gasses that attacked nervous+ system(s): e.g: mustard gas melted soldiers’ lungs

-can use irritants b/c they have a short term effect, but nothing long term, like gases used in WWI

****Do not dominate in WWI

46
Q

What was the defining tactic of WWl:

A

Chief tactic is stalemate: soldiers made trenches, usually connected w/ fellow soldiers

47
Q

What health conditions did soldiers deal with?:

A

-Trench feet: had their feet in trench water for weeks at a time where their feet would eventually swell and blow up
-Sanitation problems (rats, lice, etc..)

48
Q

Home front = domestic front

A
  1. Draft- forced Americans to go serve in the war
  2. Women go to work- govt. started to beg women to work “male” jobs b/c most men left their jobs to go fight in the war (major moment in feminism)
  3. Great migration: AAs leave south for northern factory jobs (biggest peaceful movement in US)
  4. Rationing= food, fuels, metals, rubber —- limit on these items
  5. Wheatless & meatless days- govt. wanted to “condition” people to live w/o these items
  6. Victory garden- grow your own garden: allowed people to participate in economy/inclusion
  7. Propaganda: influence public opinion, Committee on Public Information & George Creel
  8. War was financed by war bonds (donations)
  9. Freeze prices & wages
49
Q

1919 Treaty of Versailles

A
  1. Punish Germany and Austria- taking land
  2. Land will (re)create Czechoslovakia, Poland, Yugoslavia
  3. Reperations: (War damages) (root word: prepare)
50
Q

Big Four (Countries)

A

Britain, France, U.S, Italy

51
Q

Woodrow Wilson & the 14 points

A

-League of Nations
-Military reductions
-Freedom of the seas
-Self-determination of peoples
-No secret treaties

52
Q

Henry Cabot Lodge

A

14 reservations, isolationism
-Against Wilson’s 14 step peace act & hated him
(end of Wilson’s public career)

US History ll - McCool (11 decks)

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