Imperialism 547-566 Flashcards
“Closing the frontier”
Heralded by Frederick Jackson Turner
-produced fears that natural resources would dwindle and that alternative sources must be found abroad
John Fiske
Predicted in an 1885 article that English speaking peope would eventually control every land that was not already and “established civilization”
Imperialism
a policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force
The ablest and most effective apostole of imperialism:
Alfred Thayer Mahan, a captain and later admiral in the US Navy
What was Alfred Mahan’s theisis
That countries with sea power were the great nations of history
Pan American Union
Weak international organization that served as a clearinghouse of info to the member nations
First of many American to buy and establish a sugar plantation on the islands
William Hooper
Why was the arribal of merchants/missionaries/planters bad for Hawaiin society
They bought infectious diseases to which the Hawaiins were vulnerable to
What was the basis of the Hawaiin economy
Growing sugar
What nations were fighting over Samoa
Great Britain, Germany, the US
General Valeriano Weyler
Spanish commander that confined Cuban civilians in some areas to hastilary prepare concentration camps where thousands of Cubans died of disease and malnutrition
“A splendid little war”
Was said by secretary of State John Hay about the Spanish American conflict- an opinion that most Americans seemed to share
What difficulties did US soldiers face during the war?
shortage of modern riffles and ammunition, uniforms too heavy for warm Carribean waeather, inadequate medical services, and skimpy indigestible food.
Who was the leader of the Rough Riders
Colonel Theodore Roosevelt
Who were the Rough Riders
a group of soldiers who fought on horseback during the Spanish-American War.
Why did the Native people of PR disappear
infectious diseases, Spanish brutality, and poverty
What resulted in the US owning PR
Agitation for independence continued and in 1917 under pressure to clarify the relationship between PR and US, Congress passed the Jones Act which declared PR to be US territory and made all PRs American citizens
Treaty of Paris
Confirmed the terms of armistice conerning Cuba, PR, and Guam
The Anti-imperialists
Include Andrew Carnegie, Mark Twain, Samuel Gompers, Senator John Sherman, and others
Motive of the Anti Imperialists
-Believed imperialisim was immoral
-Feared polluting the American population by introducing inferior Asian races
-Feared being undercut by flood of cheap laborers from new colonies
-Conservatibes worried ab the large standing army and entangling foreign alliances
Annexation
when one country forcibly asserts control and sovereignty over another country’s territory.
The Platt Amendment
barred Cuba from making treaties w other nations, giving the US control of Cuban foreign policy
-gave rights to US to intervene in Cuba to perserve independence, life, property
-required Cuba to permit American naval stations on its territory
Philippine War
-Long lasting (1898-1902)
-One of the most vicious
-Involved 200k American troops and resulted in 4.3k American deaths (10x number who had died in the Spanish-American war)
-At least 50k filipino natives died
What did the Americans do in the Phillippine War
Soldiers turned savage an started taking pleasure from skilling and torturing the natives. Residents were evacuated and forced into concentration camps while American troops destroyed their villages, farms, crops, and livestock.
