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PTA 100 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Normal Adult BP

A

Normal adult 120/80 mmHg

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2
Q

Infant BP

A

80’50 mmHg

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3
Q

High blood pressure (hypertension)

A

when your blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg or above most of the time.

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4
Q

Pre-Hypertension

A

If your blood pressure numbers are 120/80 or higher, but below 140/90,

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5
Q

Low blood pressure, or hypotension

A

when blood pressure during and after each heartbeat is much lower than usual. This means the heart, brain, and other parts of the body do not get enough blood.

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6
Q

Brachial Artery

A

artery that is used to take standard B.P

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7
Q

Systolic

A

Systolic blood pressure takes place when the ventricles of the heart contract.

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8
Q

Diastolic

A

Diastolic blood pressure takes place when the ventricles of the heart relax and are filled with blood.

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9
Q

How many mmHg (millimeters of mercury) should you inflate the blood pressure cuff pass the patient know systolic blood pressure?

A

30mmhg

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10
Q

the definition of orthostatic hypotension and what are common causes of this condition

A

Orthostatic hypotension is brought on by a sudden change in body position, most often when shifting from lying down to standing. This type of hypotension usually lasts only a few seconds or minutes.

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11
Q

locations to assess an arterial pulse

A

carotid between the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the trachea
temporal on the superior and lateral side of the eye
radial - base of the thumb
pedal (in foot) - dorsalis pedis artery, on the dorsal and medial aspect of the foot
femoral arteries situated over the femoral artery int he inguinal area

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12
Q

instrument is used to measure the vital lung capacity

A

Spirometer

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13
Q

Tachypnea

A

the increased respiratory rate of breathing of an adult to 20 br/min or greater

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14
Q

bradypnea

A

decreased respiratory rate of breathing of an adult to 10 br/min or less

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15
Q

heard through the stethoscope when taking a standard blood pressure?

A

Korotkoff’s sound - the first sound heard, which is the systolic pressure. At the point where the sound disappears, which st he diastolic pressure.

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16
Q

Mitral Valve Prolapse

A

heart problem in which the valve that separates the upper and lower chambers of the left side of the heart does not close properly.

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17
Q

the common abnormal breath sounds especially the sound that is caused by partial airway constriction associated with asthma.

A

a. Wheezing is a whistling sound resulting from constriction or partial obstruction of the airways. Wheezing is characteristic for patients having emphysema and asthma

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18
Q

Body mechanic rules

A

lift with the weight close
use the body to lift (legs) not the arms
maintain a stable center of gravity.

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19
Q

Lists and understand the preparation and safety for transferring a patient

A

Reading the patients chart to find out the medical and physical therapy diagnosis
Reading the patients medical history (including medications)
Determining the patent’s current level of function
Reviewing the PT’s plan of care (including short-and long-term goals)
e. Determining the patients prior physical therapy treatment (including the patients level of assistance with transfers)
f. Reviewing the physician’s, social worker, and nursing personnel’s most recent assessment of the patient

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20
Q

Maximum

A

assists the patient for approximately 75 percents of the patients total work.

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21
Q

Moderate

A

PTA assists the patient for approximately 50 percent of the patients total work

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22
Q

Minumum

A

assists the patient for approximately 25 percent of the patients total work

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23
Q

Contact guard

A

assists the patient for approximately 25 percent of the patients total work

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24
Q

Standby Supervision

A

PTA supervises the patients independent work by standing by and being ready to give light assistance

25
Q

component parts of a patient assisted transfer

A

Weight bearing
Weight shifting
Balance
Use of stabilizing environment

26
Q

Hoyer Lift

A

aka “Zero” Lifting - Although the PTA does not necessarily apply his or her technical skills in this transfer, he or she may need to help and coordinate the transfer. Lifts are to transfer medically fragile patients, and decrease nursing staff injury. Patient is too heavy and not safe to transfer.

27
Q

Sliding board

A

A sliding board assisted sitting transfer can be taught as an independent transfer to patients with spinal cord injury, patients who are obese, or patients with amputations. (pg 235)

28
Q

Contradictions for transferring a patient

A

a. Patient refuse to be transferred
b. Chart mentions that patient is bed bound
c. Change in status for the worse
d. Cardiopulmonary status
e. Joint flexibility
f. Muscle tone and strength
g. Neuromusuclar control
h. Balance and coordination during sitting and standing
i. Endurance
j. Psychosocial and personal support system
k. Tolerance to transfer positions
a. Patient refuse to be transferred
b. Chart mentions that patient is bed bound
c. Change in status for the worse
d. Cardiopulmonary status
e. Joint flexibility
f. Muscle tone and strength
g. Neuromusuclar control
h. Balance and coordination during sitting and standing
i. Endurance
j. Psychosocial and personal support system
k. Tolerance to transfer positions

29
Q

Reimbursment

A

The clinical intervention must show through documentation the physical therapy clinical decision making involved, providing the necessary rationale to support the interventions. To ensure reimbursement, the documentation must describe physical therapy effectiveness, showing evidence of the patients improving functional abilities.

30
Q

Assurance of quality care

A

Through documentation, the members of the PT team can define a patient problems, outline the plan of care, identify barriers to recovery, and describe goals for efficient, and skilled physical therapy intervention

31
Q

Assurance of continuity care

A

guides PT and PTA in the intervention’s outcomes and goals and established a communication tool among PT, PTA and other health care providers on the rehabilitation staff.

32
Q

Legal reasons

A

Legal aspects of documentation are considered in the events of lawsuits or malpractice issues by providing objective evidence of physical therapy care performed for the patient

33
Q

rESEARCH AND EDUCATION

A
  • Evidence based research through clinical practice is significant tool used tin the advancement of physical therapy education as well as the progression of the physical therapy profession.
34
Q

Marketing

A

Documentation can also be an important marketing tool because it includes description of successful functional outcomes achieved by the patient and the skilled and efficient quality of care offered to the patient.

35
Q

Quality insurance

A

as activities and programs designed and implemented in a clinical facility to achieve high-quality level of care.

36
Q

S

A

Subjective findings: information provided by the patient or patient’s family/caregiver

37
Q

O

A

Results of tests, measurements, and interventions

38
Q

A ssesment

A

Overall response to interventions and the effects of interventions, changes in patients status, and the health care provider’s opinion about the patient’s progress

39
Q

P lan

A

The plan for further diagnostic or therapeutic action or for the next treatment session

40
Q

PT responsiblity documentation

A

Initial Evaluation, Progress report, and discharge report

41
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

42
Q

Decubitis ulcer

A

Pressure sore/ulcer - open sores due to lowered circulation

43
Q

CVA stroke

A

a sudden loss of neurologic function caused by vascular injury to the brain

44
Q

Thrombus

A

when one of the cerebral arteries becomes narrowed because of plaque buildup from atherosclerotic disease; they can create large blood clots that blocks blood flow

45
Q

Embolus

A

blockage caused by a foreign object blood clot, piece of arterial wall, or bacterial blood clot; embolus is carried in bloodstream until it becomes wedged in a blood vessel

46
Q

Hemorrhage

A

cerebral artery is not locked, but ruptures, filling the surrounding brain tissue with blood; this type is the most serious

47
Q

congestive heart failure

A

Heart failure is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to the rest of the body

48
Q

abnormal lung sound?

A

Discontinuous Adventitious

49
Q

Sprain

A

– ligaments are torn from attachments

50
Q

Strain

A

damages to muscle or tendon

51
Q

Ligamentous/Capsular

A

Sprain

52
Q

Muscle/Tendon

A

Strain

53
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder

54
Q

Herniated Disc

A

slip disc a protusion in L4-5

55
Q

Muscular Dystrophy

A

hereditary condition in which muscles weaken

56
Q

Cerebral Palsy

A

occurs before or after birth

Nervous system

57
Q

Debrimnet

A

removes dead skin

PTA should work onROM

58
Q

POstPolio

A

when symptoms reemerge after years from the original infection due to overuse of motor neuron

59
Q

Myocardial infaction

A

aka heart attach - the loss of living heart muscle as a result of coronary artery occlusion. If blood flow is not restored with in a few hours, the heart muscle dies

PTA 100 (8 decks)

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