Test 2

Question 1

Answer 1

• Latin name: Verbascum phlomoides
• English name: Verbascum
• Family name: Scrophulariaceae
• Drug: Flower
• Active constituents:
  * Polysacharides
  * Flavonoid
  * Iridoid derivates
  Usage: Cough medicine (in tea)

Question 2

Answer 2

• Latin name: Althea officinalis
• English name: Althea
• Family name: Malvaceae
• Drug: Root + leaves & stem
• Active constituents
  * Root →Gums (15-20%)
  * Leaf & stem →Gums (6%)
• Utilization:
  * Root →against cough (when having a cold)
  * Leaf & stem →same as root
• Products:
  * Root →Tea, syrup or tablets
  * Leaf & stem → Infusion

Question 3

Answer 3

• Latin name: Malva sylvestris
• English name: Tall mallow
• Family name: Malvaceae
• Drug: Whole / cut flowers (dried)
• Active constituents:
  * Polysaccharides
  * Anthocyanins
• Utilization:
  * Mucous membrane irritation
  * Enteritis
  * Conjuntivitis
  Product: Infusion (1,5-2g)

Question 4

Answer 4

• Latin name: Tilia spp.
• English name: Lime species
• Family name: Malvaceae
• Drug: Flower
• Active constituents:
  * Gums
  * Polysaccharides
  * Flavonoids
  * Volatile oils
• Effects:
  * Hidrotic
  * Diuretic
  * Cough suppressant
• Utilization: against cold (infusion)

NB! Leaves of the silver lime tree MUST NOT be used!!!

Question 5

Answer 5

• Latin name: Plantago lanceolata
• English name: Rib-grass
• Family name: Plantaginaceae
• Drug: Leaf
• Active constituent:
  * Gums
  * Iridoid glycosides
• Effect:
  * Anti-inflammatory
  * Cough suppressant
  * Antibacterial effects
• Utilization:
  * Respiratory disease
• Product: Tincture / syrup

Question 6

Answer 6

• Latin name: Linum usitatissimum
  -English name: Flax
• Family name: Linaceae
• Drug: Seed
• Active constituent:
  * Slimy compound in seed coat
  * Fatty oil
  * Flavanoids
• Effect: Laxative
• Utilization:
  * Increase bloat ability
  * Helps movement of peristol
  * Fibre content support the peristalsis
• Product: 5g seeds in cup of water for 2-4 hours

NB! No side effects, but drink lots of water to prewent desiccation.

Question 7

Classification of gums

Answer 7

• To hydrolysed on stomach
• Keep apart the irritation effect
• To be bloated in aqueous agent
• Increase amount of faeces
• Posses with other effects
• e. g. anti-inflammatory

Question 8

Products of primary metabolism

Answer 8

• Carbohydrate metabolism
• Carbohydrate
• Organic acids
• Nitrogen metabolism
• Amino acids & proteins
• Lipid metabolism
• Natural esters

Question 9

Starch

Answer 9

• Most important stored nutrient
• Stored in:
• Fruits
• Seeds
• Plant organs below ground
• Xylem part of the trees
• It’s in solid form
• Relatively hard to solve in water