test

Question 1

can be described as the sudden
intense shaking of the ground that often occurs in

geological faults.

Answer 1

An earthquake

Question 2

The shaking results from a sudden release of energy

Answer 2

to Earth’s Lithosphere.

Question 3

a fracture in rocks that make the earths crust

Answer 3

fault

Question 4

a point at the center of the earth’s surface above the focus

Answer 4

epicenter

Question 5

rocks that make up the outer layer of the earths surface and whose movements along faults trigger earthquakes

Answer 5

plates

Question 6

point where the earthquake starts

Answer 6

focus

Question 7

waves that transmit energy from earthquakes

Answer 7

seismic waves

Question 8

what cause an earthquake

Answer 8

tecttonic plates constantly moving
movement causes stress
stress builds up til the plates get stuck
cracks form known as faults
pressure is released causing shaking

Question 9

is the point on the surface
directly above the focus and the energy is the

most powerful here.

Answer 9

The epicentre

Question 10

occurs when Earth’s crust breaks or moves

down due to geological fores.

caused by the movement of tectonic

plates, which are the slabs that make up

the Earth’s outermost layer

Answer 10

Tectonic

EArthquake

Question 11

results from tectonic fores related to

volcanic activities.

occurs when magma moves beneath the

Earth’s surface, causing pressure changes

that cause the surrounding rock to break

Answer 11

VOLCANIC

EArthquake

Question 12

Usually occurs in underground mines that are
usually caused by seismic waves from rock
explosions on Earth’s surface.
These earthquakes are typically very small
but can be deadly if they occur in a populated
area. Causes: Collapse earthquakes occur
when buildings or other structures collapse

Answer 12

COLLAPSE

EArthquake

Question 13

occurs from the denotation of any nuclear or
chemical device.

also Volcanic explosions can cause Explosion
earthquakes such as Strombolian and
Vesuvian. Each explosion produces an
earthquake, and the seismic record is often
accompanied by an acoustic signal.

Answer 13

EXPLOSION

EArthquake
EXPLOSION

EArthquake

Question 14

Geosphere refers to the solid part of the Earth,
including the rocks, minerals, landforms, and the
processes that shape them. In this lesson, we will
explore the earth’s layers and how the plates of the

earth move.

Question 15

is the outermost layer of the Earth. It is the thinnest layer,
ranging from about 5 to 70 kilometers in thickness.

Answer 15

The crust

Question 16

is the
thicker layer of the Earth’s
crust that is found under the
continents. It is about 35 - 45
kilometers thick on average.
Graphite or andesite and

Basalt.

Answer 16

The continental crust

Question 16

is the
thinner layer of the Earth’s
crust that is found under the
ocean basins. It is about 6
kilometers thick on average.

Answer 16

The oceanic crust

Question 16

is a process that involves the
breaking down of rocks and minerals
found on the surface of Earth.

Agents of __________ are: water, ice,
plants, animals, and changes in
temperature.

Answer 16

WEATHERING

Question 17

is a process in which soil, rock, and
other surface materials are worn

away and transported by natural
forces such as wind and water.

Answer 17

EROSION

Question 18

is a scientific theory that tells that
Earth’s crust is divided into several

plates that moves or slide over the
mantle.

the movement of these tectonic

plates affects the seismic activities
at different plate boundaries.

Answer 18

PLATE TECTONICS

Question 19

is the layer beneath the Earth’s crust. It is the thickest layer, extending
from the base of the crust to a depth of approximately 2,900 kilometers. It takes
84% of Earth’s volume. The

Answer 19

The mantle

Question 20

is relatively

rigid and contains the
asthenosphere, a semi-fluid

layer that allows the

movement of tectonic plates.

Answer 20

The upper mantle

Question 21

contributes to the overall
convection and heat
transfer within the Earth’s

interior.

Answer 21

The solid lower mantle

Question 22

is the innermost layer of the Earth, situated beneath the mantle.

Answer 22

The core

Question 23

The outer core is a liquid layer
composed mainly of molten iron
and nickel.
It is responsible for Earth’s
Magnetic Field.
Can be found approximately
2,550 km from the earth’s surface.
Temperature ranges from 4,500 C
to 5,500 C.

Answer 23

The outer core

Question 24

is the solid,

central part of the earth. It has a
radius of about 1,220 kilometers
and is composed of solid iron

and nickel.

Answer 24

The inner core

Question 24

the boundary between the CRUST and MANTLE.
simply known as MOHO
named after Andrija ________ who discovered the
existence in 1909.

average depth of around 8 km under the ocean basin
and around 32 km under the continental crust.

Approximately 700 km thick.

Answer 24

THE MOHOROVICIC DISCONTINUITY

Question 25

is a quick change in seismic velocities

in a boundary.

Answer 25

Seismic Discontinuity

Question 25

separates the Earth’s MANTLE from the OUTER CORE.
named after German-born American seismologist Beno
___________________

Answer 25

THE GUTENBERG DISCONTINUITY

Question 26

the boundary between the inner core and outer core.
named after a Danish seismologist and geophysicist Inge
_______________________

Answer 26

THE LEHMANN DISCONTINUITY

Question 27

plates move

away from each other. This

movement results in the creation of
new crust as magma rises from the
mantle, solidifies, and forms new

oceanic crust.

Answer 27

At divergent boundaries,

Question 28

are places
where tectonic plates collide or come
together. When two plates meet,
their interactions can result in
various geological phenomena.

Answer 28

Convergent boundaries

Question 29

occur when
two plates slide past each other
horizontally. The movement along
these boundaries can cause
earthquakes, as the plates grind

against each other.

Answer 29

Transform boundaries

Question 30

composed of crust and the upper mantle.
solid, rigid, and brittle.
has tendency to break under pressure and mechanical
interaction, which is responsible for earthquakes.

Answer 30

LITHOSPHERE

Question 31

region of partially molten mantle materials
that can flow.

responsible for the motion of Tectonic Plates.
approximately 100-700 km in depth from
the crust.

Answer 31

ASTHENOSPHERE

Question 32

a region of increased pressure where the flow

ceases.

lowest part of the mantle or also known as
Lower Mantle.

Answer 32

MESOSPHERE