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Science > 3rd Qtr EXAM > Flashcards

3rd Qtr EXAM Flashcards

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1
Q

speed, velocity, and acceleration are

A

descriptors
of motion

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2
Q

are anything that

can be measured.

A

Physical quantities

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3
Q

Quantity described using the

magnitude (number) and unit.
Ex: 100 m

A

Scalar quantities

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4
Q

Quantity described using the

magnitude, unit, and direction.

A

Vector quantities

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5
Q

What quantities are Displacement Velocity Acceleration

A

Vector

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6
Q

is a graphical illustration

that clearly represents the position of

moving objects at equal time intervals.

A

Motion Diagram

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7
Q

The distances of the motion do not need to

be exact, but they must clearly show if the

object is moving

A

Positively or Negativly

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8
Q

use of a single point to represent the

motion of an object

A

Particle model

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9
Q

the total path length taken by an object

from one point to another

A

Distance

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10
Q

Distance scalar or vector?

A

Scalar

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11
Q

-shortest length between two points
- a vector quantity, fully described using

magnitude and direction

A

Displacement

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12
Q
  • the first to use the

quantities distance and

time to describe precisely

how fast or how slow a

moving object is

A

Galileo Galilei

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13
Q

Distance speed time formula

A

speed x Time

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14
Q

m/s

A

Meters per second

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15
Q

km/h or kmph

A

Kilometers per hour

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16
Q

mph

A

Miles per hour

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17
Q

cm/s

A

centimetres per second

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18
Q
  • How fast you are traveling at a given instant in time
A

Instantaneous speed:

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19
Q
  • indicates the instantaneous speed of a vehicle
A

Speedometer:

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20
Q

Average speed Formula

A

Total Time

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21
Q

The speed of an object throughout its travel

A

Average Speed

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22
Q

Scalar quantity that

tells only the

magnitude (number) or
speed that the car is

moving

A

Speed

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23
Q
  • Vector quantity that
    tells the magnitude
    (number) or speed of
    the car and the direction

it is moving to

A

Velocity

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24
Q

Displacement velocity time formula

A

Velocity x Time

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25
Q
  • Velocity at a specific

moment

A

Instantaneous Velocity

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26
Q
  • Overall velocity over

time

A

Average Velocity

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27
Q

is a disturbance that travels
from the source to another place

through a medium.

A

A wave

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28
Q

the object or

substance through
which the wave

travels.

A

Medium

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29
Q

Sources of waves are

A

vibrating objects

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30
Q
  • Require a medium through which to travel
  • It can be solids, liquids, and gas.
  • Energy is transferred through vibration of

particles of the medium.

A

Mechanical Waves

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31
Q

Do not need a medium to travel

  • Can travel through a vacuum (empty space)
A

Electromagnetic Waves

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32
Q

The particles of the medium move up
and down PERPENDICULAR to the
direction of motion of the wave.

A

Transverse

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33
Q

The particles of the medium move in a
direction back and forth PARALLEL to the

direction of motion of the wave.

A

Longitudinal

34
Q

the highest point of the wave

A

Crest

35
Q

the lowest point of the wave

A

Trough

36
Q
  • the midpoint of a wave
A

Equilibrium Position

37
Q
  • the height of the wave, measured from midpoint to
    either crest or trough; describes the amount of energy

the wave carries

A

Amplitude

38
Q

distance between succeeding identical parts (one crest
to the next crest or from one trough to the next trough)

A

Wavelength

39
Q

the number of waves that pass in one second

A

Frequency

40
Q
  • the time it takes
    to complete one

wave

A

Period

41
Q
  • speed of the wave as it travels
A

Wavelength

42
Q

HOW HUMANS PRODUCE SOUND

A

1.Airflow
2. Vocal Chord Vibration
3. Sound Wave Generation
4. Articulation and Reasonance

43
Q

Audible Sound:

A

20 Hz to 20,000 Hz

44
Q
  • below 20 Hz
  • how elephants and
    whales communicate with
    each other for protection,
    attracting mates, and

finding food

A

Infrasonic sound

45
Q

above 20,000 Hz

  • dolphins and bats send
    ultrasonic waves and they can
    detect if there are any obstacles
    based on the time it takes for the

wave to come back
(echolocation)

A

Ultrasonic sound

46
Q

Highness of Lowness of a sound

A

Pitch

47
Q

Pitch is dictated by

A

Frequency

48
Q

Intensity

A

Loudness

49
Q

The loudness of a sound is dictated by it’s

A

Amplitude

50
Q

unit of intensity for sound

A

Decibel

51
Q

Tone quality

A

Timbre

52
Q

In the 1600s, light is believed to have a stream

of particles called

A

Corpuscles

53
Q

Newton believed that light behaves like a

A

Particle

54
Q

Christian

Huygens proposed that

light behaves like a

A

Wave

55
Q

proves that light is a wave

A

Diffraction

56
Q

came up with a theory
known as the dual nature of light.

A

Max Planck

57
Q

Light is what kind of wave?

A

Electromagnetic

58
Q

produce their own light

A

Luminous Objects

59
Q

allow light to pass through

A

transparent

60
Q

Only allows some light to pass through

A

Translucent

61
Q

Does not allow light pass through

A

Opaqe

62
Q

Speed of light

A

= 300,000 km/s

63
Q

Light travels fastest in

A

Gas

64
Q

Sound travels fastest

A

Solid

65
Q

Intensity (brightness) =

A

Amplitude

66
Q

The brighter the light,
the ___________it

has with darkness.

A

more contras

67
Q
  • varies as light
    carries different
    amounts of energy
  • gives light its
    different colors
A

Wavelength

68
Q

Inversely
proportional to
wavelength

A

Frequency

69
Q

Fast movement of atoms & molecules

A

Higher kinetic energy

70
Q

refers to the sum of the kinetic energies of all the particles

A

Thermal Energy

71
Q

refers to the average kinetic energy of all the particles

A

Temperature

72
Q

0: water freezes
100: water boils

A

Anders Celsius

73
Q

32: water freezes
212: water boils

A

Daniel Fahrenheit

74
Q

Absolute zero:

Lowest possible temperature

A

Lord Kelvin

75
Q

Heatflow

A

Hot to cold

76
Q

When two objects
are already at the
same temperature
and no heat transfer
occurs between

them

A

Thermal Equilibrium

77
Q

unusual hot weather condition wherein the
temperature is unusually high that it goes

beyond what is normally recorded

A

Heat Waves:

78
Q
  • occurs when objects are in direct contact

with each other

A

Conduction

79
Q
  • Heat is transferred through the
    movement of liquids or gases
A

Convection

80
Q
  • Does not rely on any contact
    between the source of heat and the

object being heated

A

Radiation

Science (7 decks)

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