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Science > 1st qtr exam 2024 > Flashcards

1st qtr exam 2024 Flashcards

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1
Q

The gap between the initial position and the final
position of an object.

A

Displacement

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2
Q

The speed at which something moves in one
direction.

A

Velocity

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3
Q

The time rate of change of the velocity of an object

A

Acceleration

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4
Q

Refers to how strong the force is.

A

Magnitude

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5
Q

The greater the magnitude the faster the

A

velocity.

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6
Q

Force

Instruments used to measure:

A

spring
balance

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7
Q

force Units:

A

Newton (N) or
kg·m/s

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8
Q

Refers to the points where the object goes.

A

Direction

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9
Q

The location where the force is applied.

A

Point of application

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10
Q

Forces that result from
physical or direct contact
between two bodies

A

Contact Forces

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11
Q

It is perpendicular to the surface an object is in contact with

A

Normal force

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12
Q

s

Field force; long-range force

Do not involve direct
contact to have any effect on
the other object

A

Non-Contact Force

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13
Q

Force acting against or opposite in contact with

A

Frictional force

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13
Q

force due to gravity

A

gravitational force

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14
Q

Force applied to string, rope, chain or cable

A

Tension force

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15
Q

equal in magnitude but opposite in directions

do not cause a change in motion

A

Balanced force

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16
Q

NOT equal in magnitude and opposite in
directions

do cause a change in motion

A

unBalanced force

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17
Q

it is the sum of all forces acting on an object

A

Net Force

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18
Q

newtons 3 laws of motion

A

inertia
acceleration
interaction

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19
Q

It states that a body at rest will
continue to be at rest

A

Law of Inertia

20
Q
  • is the tendency of a body to resist any change in its motion. The
    greater the mass of an object, the greater inertia it has. Also, the lesser the
    mass, the lesser the inertia.
A

Inertia

21
Q

States that acceleration is directly proportional to the force and is
inversely proportional to the mass.

A

THE LAW OF ACCELERATION

22
Q

THE LAW OF ACCELERATION formula

A

a = f/m

23
Q

is a type of motion that allows an object to follow a
circular path while maintaining a constant speed.

A

Uniform Circular

Motion

24
Q

, also known as center-
seeking force, comes from the word “centri”

which means center

A

Centripetal force

25
Q

centripetal force formula

A

a= v/r

25
Q
  • number ofrotation orrevolution
    per unittime; measured in hertz (Hz) or
    revolution per second (rev/s)
A

Frequency

25
Q

-the amount oftime needed to
complete one revolution orrotation; measured
in second (s)

A

Period

25
Q

work formula

A

w = fd

26
Q

Work with an Angle

A

W= Fcosθ d

27
Q

is created when something
vibrates, sending waves through the
air or other materials.

A

Sound

28
Q

The particles of the medium
is perpendicular to the
direction of the motion of the
wave’s propagation.

A

Transverse waves

29
Q

The particles of the medium
move back and forth parallel
to the direction the wave is
travelling.

A

longitudinal waves.

30
Q

, where particles
are closer together,

A

compression

30
Q

The particles travel in
circular motion.

A

surface.

30
Q

where particles are spread apart

A

rarefaction

30
Q

is the ability to do
work.

A

Energy

31
Q

Potential Energy formula

A

PE = mgh

32
Q

gravity

A

-9.8

32
Q

kinetic energy formula

A

mv1/2

33
Q

The Law of Conservation of Energy

A

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

It can be transferred to another object or
converted into a different form.

The amount of energy stays the same.

34
Q

is an electromagnetic wave

that an travel even without a

medium .

A

Light

35
Q

is the light we can see, like the colors of a

rainbow.

A

Visible light

36
Q

1.REFLECTION

A

Bouncing back of light.

When an incident light hits a reflective surface, it will be reflected

off that surface.

37
Q

REFRACTION

A

Bending back of light when it passes through different media.

When light travels from air to liquid, the light is bent, making the

straw appear to be broken.

38
Q

Bending back of waves when it passes through gap or around edges.

is the bending of light around an obstacle or through a narrow

opening. It’s like when light squeezes through a tiny gap and spreads

out in different directions.

A

DIFFRACTION

39
Q

allows an unpolarized light to vibrate orbto focus in one direction or

on a single plane.

Examples are flashlights, sunglasses, and how headlight works.

Wearing sunglasses on a sunny day allows us to filter some light

waves.

A

Polarization

40
Q

Temperature is a measure of

how hot or cold something is.

A
41
Q

So the formula for the speed of the sound and temperature is

expressed as:

A

v=331+0.6 x T

Science (7 decks)

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