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Psyc112 > test > Flashcards

test Flashcards

1
Q

what’s genie

A

was neglected - had slow progress in acquiring words vs syntax (sentences didn’t follow the right order)

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2
Q

Brocs aphasia had problems with what kind of words

A

can do function words just not smoothly

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3
Q

closed-class words =

A

function words

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4
Q

adjectives, adverbs =

A

content words

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5
Q

wernikes aphasia had problems with what kind of words

A

content words

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6
Q

what is surface structure and deep structure? and who introduced in

A

who - nam chrompsky
surface - words/language used to represent deep structure
deep - concepts, thoughts, ideas and feelings

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7
Q

what is ambiguity

A

property of behaviour, behaviour pattern or situation that might be interpreted in more then one way

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8
Q

what’s a paraphrase

A

expressing meaning of something using different words

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9
Q

what’s syntactic error

A

mistakes with language - incorrect contraction

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10
Q

what’s semantic error

A

from disruption to access either to semantics or lexical representations

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11
Q

protoword

A

prototypical form of a word - go through variation
ga ga
wa wa
wada
water

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12
Q

under extension

A

dog - only your dog. learnt association between one thing and one word

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13
Q

over extension

A

dog used for all animals. one word - lots of meaning

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14
Q

holophrase

A

single word that stands for an entire sentence

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15
Q

descriptive feedback

A

“good Boy” use something else etc

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16
Q

situation entered talk

A

child adapts to situation

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17
Q

child entered talk

A

adapt to Childs level

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18
Q

a social routine

A

word emerges as part of a social routine

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19
Q

mental representation

A

a representation of a stimuli that originates in your head rather then due to sensory input - mental rotation study

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20
Q

analogical representation

A

caputures some of the actual characteristic of what they represent - no actual representation of what to represents

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21
Q

hypothetical representation

A

relationship between religious knowledge and scientific knowledge

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22
Q

symbolic representation

A

physical or psychological process to represent an object or any context - don’t resemble what they stand for - means brains more flexible

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23
Q

prepositions

A

statements that express ideas - context dependent

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24
Q

incubation

A

form of functional fixdness - time away from a problem

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25
Q

perceptual reasoning

A

block design, visual puzzles, matrix of reasoning

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26
Q

conformation bias

A

look at information that supports rather than rejects

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27
Q

mental set

A

habits and assumptions Brought to problem solving - can hinder problem solving

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28
Q

functional fixdness

A

stuck on a problem. taking a breaks helps you solve the problem

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29
Q

heuristic

A

shortcut method to help solve a problem - doesn’t always guarantee a solution

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30
Q

a hypotheis in problem solving

A

“top down problem solving” - type of problem solving that starts with the answer and works backwards to prove or disprove the problem

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31
Q

sternbergs tliarch theory

A

3 types of intelligence
- practical, analytic and creative

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32
Q

gardens theory of multiple intelligences

A

don’t just have an intellectual capacity but they have many types of intelligences

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33
Q

visual cliff

A

looks at when children can perceive depth. around time they crawl but infants have some perception

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34
Q

longitude study

A
  • repeatedly examine some individuals to detect changes that occur over a period of time
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35
Q

schema

A

mental representation that enables us to organise our knowledge into categories

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36
Q

assimilation

A

process by which new information in modified to fit with existing schema

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37
Q

accommodation

A

process by which an existing schema is modified or changed by experience

38
Q

concept formation

A

process by which a person learns to sort specific experiences into general rules or classes

39
Q

ego centrism

A

Childs beliefs that everyone sees the world as they do

40
Q

object performance

A

idea that objects cease to exists when out of sight

41
Q

when do babies loose interest in the toy when toy is hidden

A

birth - 3 months

42
Q

when do they continue to stare at the spot that the toy disappeared

A

3 months

43
Q

when do they search for the toy in the last place they found it

A

8 months - a or b effect

44
Q

when do they search for the toy in the last place he saw it

A

12 months

45
Q

kohl bergs view of moral development

A

theory = presented boys with scenario that contradicts law and ethics. How you answer determines what level you are at… preconventional, conventional, post conventional

46
Q

what’s the pre conventional stage

A

behaviour based on external sanctions such as authority and punishment - blind adherence to authority

47
Q

what’s the conventional stage

A

included or understanding of social system and has interest in peoples behaviour - understanding that rules help maintain social order

48
Q

what’s the post conventional stage

A

moral rules that have underlying principals that apply to all situations and societies - the understanding that moral rules apply across all situations and cultures

49
Q

gender identity

A

ones private sense of male or femaleness

50
Q

gender role

A

cultural expectation

51
Q

gandelman, vom sal… 1977

A

parental exposure to testosterone results is more male like behaviour

52
Q

Butler, Gross 1995 - effect of drawing on Childrens reports about a trip to the fire station

A

no diffrence in free recall
- both recall accurate
draw and tell reported 2x more in direct recall phase

53
Q

rousseau

A

man by nature is good and only institutions

54
Q

where is the auditory areas of the brain and where does wernikes and broocas aphasia occur

A

wernikes - superior temporal lob
auditory - same as temporal
brocs - frontal

55
Q

word utterances

A

vocal statement

56
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

man by nature is nature solitary, poor nasty, brutish

57
Q

Philip zimbardo

A

found anonymity led to aggression

58
Q

consistency =
consensus =
distinctiveness =
dissonance =

A

regulary
everyone behaving and responding in the same way
every time you spoke they laugh
thoughts line up with morals

59
Q

displacement

A

fail = anger
anger = beat wife

60
Q

reaction formation

A

to resolve conflict you convince yourself you believe opposite. reacts by forming other beliefs

61
Q

projection

A

blame issues on someone else

62
Q

object permanence

A

know something exists when you can’t see it

63
Q

theory of planned behaviour - association between attitudes and behaviour is strongest when

A

behaviour is under control

64
Q

when do children think that a girl with short hair is a boy

A

3 years

65
Q

true about language development

A

comprehension of vocal precedes procutio n

66
Q

algorithms

A

guarantee correct solution

67
Q

heuristics

A

don’t always have a soultuiton nut that’s good as not all problems have solutions

68
Q

deductive reasoning

A

start with beliefs look at implication of beliefs. move from general principals to rule to specific instances
logical approach where you progress from general ideas to specific conclusions

69
Q

analogical reasoning

A

finding a problem similar to the problem you need to solve and mapping the solution of that source problem onto the target problem.

70
Q

according to Gottman what are the four behaviours associated with poor marital outcomes

A

criticism, pessimism, defensiveness and anger

71
Q

power rangers of children

A

= committed acts for every aggressive act committed by a control trial

72
Q

what did Anderson and dill 2000 find

A

watching violent games =
longer blasts
women longer blasts then men
higher aggressive personality = longer blasts

73
Q

when you realise a horse isn’t a big doggie but its own animal that is

A

concept formation as the schema has been expanded and categorised

74
Q

what learning mechanisms are infants using to detect auditory patterns in two minute recording of novel syllables

A

statistical

75
Q

what is social learning

A

watching and learning

76
Q

what is innate

A

born with it

77
Q

what’s language specific

A

process of perceptual narrowing

78
Q

what’s an example of a heuristic

A

writing an essay - doesn’t have guarennteeded outcome

79
Q

what’s an example of an availability heuristic

A

Jane hears on tv not to vax so deides not to fax her child

80
Q

why do children taught an underlying principal instead of a formula perform better

A

learning a principal helped children reason by analogy

81
Q

Binet (intelligence tests)

A

threw tests at kids to choose ones correlated to school

82
Q

the correlation between iq scores and school performance averages around .50.

A

iq scores predict 1/4 variance in school performance

83
Q

what’s minimal suffency in parenting

A

behaviour change is most likely going to occur if punishment is not sufficient enough to cause attitude change

84
Q

what’s the whofrian hypothesis and what does it predict

A
  • states language influences thought and perception
    the hypothesis predicts that bilingual participants thinking style may be manipulated depending on which language the participants conduct the test in
85
Q

Robbers cave studies shows

A

shows that when put together after competition they will unite over share goal but competition will cause in group hostility

86
Q

agreed to take part in prison experiment where more

A

authoritarian

87
Q

in categorical perception lab it was found

A

phonemes were perceived more categorically then non speech tones

88
Q

in categorical perception lab it was found

A

phonemes were perceived more categorically then non speech tones

89
Q

walster found that a person liked partner on blind date based on

A

;levels of arousal

90
Q

when your homophobic but gay pron makes you have a boner that is

A

reaction formation

91
Q

when you have desires to cheat so accuse your partner of cheating this is

A

projection

Psyc112 (4 decks)

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