Test 1- Wk 3 Flashcards
What do we know about hydration?
Water won’t clean or lubricate, thins and moves mucus, diuretics increase effort
Superficial v systemic hydration?
Superficial is epithelial, systemic is whole body
What is phonation threshold pressure?
Amount of subglottal pressure required to set the vocal folds in motion (swing pic)
How do we improve hydration?
Water, food with high water content, humidifier, saliva production with hard candy
What don’t we know about hydration?
How much…
Does caffeine have a negative effect on voice?
No
GERD v LPR
Persistent heartburn, hoarse in morning, acid regurgitation, bad breath…
Burn in back of throat, hoarseness, throat clearing… (no heartburn)
How to we manage LPR?
Reflux sensitivity scale, educate on effects on voice, bxal management
How is alcohol bad for voice?
Dehydrating, irritating, reduce pain and discomfort, reduce inhibitions
What is main danger of inhaled irritants?
Heat
How can we reduce gunk in the throat?
Whisper “ha” or hard swallow, sip of water
What can vocal overuse lead to?
Collision force and subglottic pressure can cause edema, erythema, hemmorhage… could lead to nodules…
What is Reinke’s edema?
Fluid buildup in superficial lamina propria due to irritation- usually in smokers. Low pitch, rough gravelly, male sound
What is the space between the true and false vocal folds?
Ventricular space
What are the false vocal folds?
Muscle without discrete movement, located superior and lateral to true vocal folds. Play a role in creaky quality voice- but do not have a wavelike motion, they are stiff muscles.
What is required for phonation?
airflow, vocal fold approximation, tension and length
What are the aerodynamic components of speech?
Air flow/buiolding subglottic pressure that blows folds apart and negative pressure fulls back together
What are the neuromuscular components of speech?
Vagus nerve activates intrinsic muscles, muscles shape and position VF colse to one another to initiate voicing, muscles help control VF adduction
What are the elastic components of speech?
VFs open from bottom up, elasticity, intertia and bernoulli effect pull VF back together and keep them vibrating
How do the vocal folds move in a wave like motion?
Lower border separates first, not upper- 200x/s for pitch!
What is 3 mass model?
Bottom of vocal folds re farther apart than upper (convergent) then diverges when lower part of vf are closer. Air pressure larger in convergent shape, which results in asymmetry of air pressures. Makes vf self oscillating!
How many registers are there?
3- pulse, modal, falsetto
How do we increase pitch?
Lengthen vocal folds by cricothyroid muscle, which thins and decreases mass, creates faster vibration.
Contract thyroarytenoid to make rigid.
Increase sg pressure to increase amplitude of movement.
How do we increase loudness?
Increase sg pressure
Increase mouth opening
Increase fundamental f
Epilaryngeal narrowing
